/*
* (C)opyright MMVI Anselm R. Garbe <garbeam at gmail dot com>
* See LICENSE file for license details.
+ *
+ * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
+ * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
+ * manager like dwm selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to
+ * receive events about child window appearance and disappearance. Only one X
+ * connection at a time is allowed to select for this event mask by any X
+ * server, thus only one window manager instance can be executed at a time.
+ * Any attempt to select for SubstructureRedirectMask by any connection after
+ * another connection already selected for those events, will result in an
+ * error generated by the server. Such errors are reported through calling the
+ * current X error handler.
+ *
+ * Calls to pop an X event from the event queue of the X connection are
+ * blocking. Due the fact, that dwm reads status text from standard input, a
+ * select-driven main loop has been implemented which selects for reads on the
+ * X connection and STDIN_FILENO to handle all data smoothly and without
+ * busy-loop quirks.. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array
+ * which is accessed whenever a new event has been popped. This allows event
+ * dispatching in O(1) time.
+ *
+ * Each child window of the root window is called a client in window manager
+ * terminology, except windows which have set the override_redirect flag.
+ * Clients are organized in a global doubly-linked client list, the focus
+ * history is remembered through a global stack list. Each client contains an
+ * array of Bools of the same size as the global tags array to indicate the
+ * tags of a client. There are no other data structures to organize the clients
+ * in tag lists, because a single global list is most simple. All clients which
+ * have at least one tag enabled of the current tags viewed, will be visible on
+ * the screen, all other clients are banned to the x-location 2 * screen width.
+ * This avoids having additional layers of workspace handling.
+ *
+ * For each client dwm creates a small title window which is resized whenever
+ * the WM_NAME or _NET_WM_NAME properties are updated.
+ *
+ * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays as well and defined in the
+ * config.h file. These arrays are kept static in event.o and tag.o
+ * respectively, because no other part of dwm needs access to them.
+ *
+ * The current mode is represented by the arrange function pointer which wether
+ * points to dofloat or dotile.
*/
+#include "config.h"
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
-/********** CUSTOMIZE **********/
+/* mask shorthands, used in event.c and client.c */
+#define BUTTONMASK (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
+#define MOUSEMASK (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
+#define PROTODELWIN 1
-#define FONT "-*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-13-*-*-*-*-*-iso10646-*"
-#define BGCOLOR "#666699"
-#define FGCOLOR "#ffffff"
-#define BORDERCOLOR "#9999CC"
-#define MASTERW 52 /* percent */
-#define WM_PROTOCOL_DELWIN 1
+enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
+enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
+enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
+enum { ColFG, ColBG, ColLast }; /* color */
-/* tags */
-enum { Tscratch, Tdev, Tirc, Twww, Twork, TLast };
+typedef enum {
+ TopLeft, TopRight, BotLeft, BotRight
+} Corner; /* window corners */
-/********** CUSTOMIZE **********/
-
-typedef union Arg Arg;
-typedef struct DC DC;
-typedef struct Client Client;
-typedef struct Fnt Fnt;
-typedef struct Key Key;
-typedef struct Rule Rule;
-
-union Arg {
- const char **argv;
+typedef union {
+ const char *cmd;
int i;
-};
+} Arg; /* argument type */
-/* atoms */
-enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMLast };
-enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };
-
-/* cursor */
-enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurInput, CurLast };
-
-struct Fnt {
- XFontStruct *xfont;
- XFontSet set;
+typedef struct {
int ascent;
int descent;
int height;
-};
+ XFontSet set;
+ XFontStruct *xfont;
+} Fnt;
-struct DC { /* draw context */
- GC gc;
- Drawable drawable;
+typedef struct {
int x, y, w, h;
+ unsigned long norm[ColLast];
+ unsigned long sel[ColLast];
+ unsigned long status[ColLast];
+ Drawable drawable;
Fnt font;
- unsigned long bg;
- unsigned long fg;
- unsigned long border;
-};
+ GC gc;
+} DC; /* draw context */
+typedef struct Client Client;
struct Client {
char name[256];
- char *tags[TLast];
int proto;
int x, y, w, h;
- int tx, ty, tw, th;
+ int tx, ty, tw, th; /* title window geometry */
int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
int grav;
- unsigned int border;
long flags;
- Bool floating;
- Window win;
- Window title;
+ unsigned int border, weight;
+ Bool isfloat;
+ Bool *tags;
Client *next;
- Client *revert;
-};
-
-struct Rule {
- const char *class;
- const char *instance;
- char *tags[TLast];
- Bool floating;
-};
-
-struct Key {
- unsigned long mod;
- KeySym keysym;
- void (*func)(Arg *arg);
- Arg arg;
+ Client *prev;
+ Client *snext;
+ Window win;
+ Window twin;
};
-extern Display *dpy;
-extern Window root;
-extern Atom wm_atom[WMLast], net_atom[NetLast];
+extern const char *tags[]; /* all tags */
+extern char stext[1024]; /* status text */
+extern int bx, by, bw, bh, bmw; /* bar geometry, bar mode label width */
+extern int mw, screen, sx, sy, sw, sh; /* screen geometry, master width */
+extern unsigned int ntags, numlockmask; /* number of tags, dynamic lock mask */
+extern void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *); /* event handler */
+extern void (*arrange)(Arg *); /* arrange function, indicates mode */
+extern Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
+extern Bool running, issel, maximized, *seltag; /* seltag is array of Bool */
+extern Client *clients, *sel, *stack; /* global cleint list and stack */
extern Cursor cursor[CurLast];
-extern Bool running, issel;
-extern void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *);
-extern void (*arrange)(Arg *);
-
-extern int tsel, screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, mw, th;
-extern char *tags[TLast];
-
-extern DC dc;
-extern Client *clients, *sel;
+extern DC dc; /* global draw context */
+extern Display *dpy;
+extern Window root, barwin;
/* client.c */
-extern void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
-extern void unmanage(Client *c);
-extern Client *getclient(Window w);
-extern void focus(Client *c);
-extern void update_name(Client *c);
-extern void draw_client(Client *c);
-extern void resize(Client *c, Bool inc);
-extern void update_size(Client *c);
-extern Client *gettitle(Window w);
-extern void craise(Client *c);
-extern void lower(Client *c);
-extern void ckill(Arg *arg);
-extern void nextc(Arg *arg);
-extern void prevc(Arg *arg);
-extern void max(Arg *arg);
-extern void floating(Arg *arg);
-extern void tiling(Arg *arg);
-extern void ttrunc(Arg *arg);
-extern void tappend(Arg *arg);
-extern void view(Arg *arg);
-extern void zoom(Arg *arg);
-extern void gravitate(Client *c, Bool invert);
+extern void ban(Client *c); /* ban c from screen */
+extern void focus(Client *c); /* focus c, c may be NULL */
+extern Client *getclient(Window w); /* return client of w */
+extern Client *getctitle(Window w); /* return client of title window */
+extern void gravitate(Client *c, Bool invert); /* gravitate c */
+extern void killclient(Arg *arg); /* kill c nicely */
+extern void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa); /* manage new client */
+extern void resize(Client *c, Bool sizehints, Corner sticky); /* resize c*/
+extern void updatesize(Client *c); /* update the size structs of c */
+extern void updatetitle(Client *c); /* update the name of c */
+extern void togglemax(Arg *arg); /* (un)maximize c */
+extern void unmanage(Client *c); /* destroy c */
/* draw.c */
-extern void draw(Bool border, const char *text);
-extern unsigned long initcolor(const char *colstr);
-extern void initfont(const char *fontstr);
-extern unsigned int textnw(char *text, unsigned int len);
-extern unsigned int textw(char *text);
-extern unsigned int texth(void);
+extern void drawall(); /* draw all visible client titles and the bar */
+extern void drawstatus(); /* draw the bar */
+extern void drawtitle(Client *c); /* draw title of c */
+extern unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr); /* return color of colstr */
+extern void setfont(const char *fontstr); /* set the font for DC */
+extern unsigned int textw(const char *text); /* return the width of text in px*/
/* event.c */
-extern void discard_events(long even_mask);
-
-/* dev.c */
-extern void update_keys(void);
-extern void keypress(XEvent *e);
-extern void mresize(Client *c);
-extern void mmove(Client *c);
+extern void grabkeys(); /* grab all keys defined in config.h */
+extern void procevent(); /* process pending X events */
/* main.c */
-extern int error_handler(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *e);
-extern void send_message(Window w, Atom a, long value);
-extern int win_proto(Window w);
-extern void quit(Arg *arg);
+extern int getproto(Window w); /* return protocol mask of WMProtocols property of w */
+extern void quit(Arg *arg); /* quit dwm nicely */
+extern void sendevent(Window w, Atom a, long value); /* send synthetic event to w */
+extern int xerror(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee); /* dwm's X error handler */
+
+/* tag.c */
+extern void initrregs(); /* initialize regexps of rules defined in config.h */
+extern Client *getnext(Client *c); /* returns next visible client */
+extern Client *getprev(Client *c); /* returns previous visible client */
+extern void settags(Client *c, Client *trans); /* sets tags of c */
+extern void tag(Arg *arg); /* tags c with arg's index */
+extern void toggletag(Arg *arg); /* toggles c tags with arg's index */
/* util.c */
-extern void error(const char *errstr, ...);
-extern void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
-extern void *emalloc(unsigned int size);
-extern void *erealloc(void *ptr, unsigned int size);
-extern char *estrdup(const char *str);
-extern void spawn(Arg *arg);
-extern void swap(void **p1, void **p2);
+extern void *emallocz(unsigned int size); /* allocates zero-initialized memory, exits on error */
+extern void eprint(const char *errstr, ...); /* prints errstr and exits with 1 */
+extern void *erealloc(void *ptr, unsigned int size); /* reallocates memory, exits on error */
+extern void spawn(Arg *arg); /* forks a new subprocess with to arg's cmd */
+
+/* view.c */
+extern void detach(Client *c); /* detaches c from global client list */
+extern void dofloat(Arg *arg); /* arranges all windows floating, arg is ignored */
+extern void dotile(Arg *arg); /* arranges all windows, arg is ignored */
+extern void focusnext(Arg *arg); /* focuses next visible client, arg is ignored */
+extern void focusprev(Arg *arg); /* focuses previous visible client, arg is ignored */
+extern Bool isvisible(Client *c); /* returns True if client is visible */
+extern void resizecol(Arg *arg); /* resizes the master width with arg's index value */
+extern void restack(); /* restores z layers of all clients */
+extern void togglemode(Arg *arg); /* toggles global arrange function (dotile/dofloat) */
+extern void toggleview(Arg *arg); /* toggles the tag with arg's index (in)visible */
+extern void view(Arg *arg); /* views the tag with arg's index */
+extern void viewall(Arg *arg); /* views all tags, arg is ignored */
+extern void zoom(Arg *arg); /* zooms the focused client to master column, arg is ignored */