X-Git-Url: https://git.xinqibao.xyz/st.git/blobdiff_plain/722688d989bae9ce5e71507be5656c9b78ae7834..94771d05886fbdd2422e66b7c0256ab27fa375cb:/st.c?ds=sidebyside

diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
index 147a6fa..0e82eaf 100644
--- a/st.c
+++ b/st.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -13,60 +14,128 @@
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/select.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <X11/Xlib.h>
 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
-#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include <X11/Xlib.h>
 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
+#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
+#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include <X11/extensions/Xdbe.h>
 
 #if   defined(__linux)
  #include <pty.h>
-#elif defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+#elif defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__APPLE__)
  #include <util.h>
 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
  #include <libutil.h>
 #endif
 
 #define USAGE \
-	"st-" VERSION ", (c) 2010 st engineers\n" \
-	"usage: st [-t title] [-e cmd] [-v]\n"
+	"st " VERSION " (c) 2010-2012 st engineers\n" \
+	"usage: st [-t title] [-c class] [-w windowid] [-v] [-e command...]\n"
+
+/* XEMBED messages */
+#define XEMBED_FOCUS_IN  4
+#define XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT 5
 
 /* Arbitrary sizes */
 #define ESC_TITLE_SIZ 256
 #define ESC_BUF_SIZ   256
 #define ESC_ARG_SIZ   16
 #define DRAW_BUF_SIZ  1024
+#define UTF_SIZ       4
+#define XK_NO_MOD     UINT_MAX
+#define XK_ANY_MOD    0
+
+#define SELECT_TIMEOUT (20*1000) /* 20 ms */
+#define DRAW_TIMEOUT  (20*1000) /* 20 ms */
 
 #define SERRNO strerror(errno)
 #define MIN(a, b)  ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
 #define MAX(a, b)  ((a) < (b) ? (b) : (a))
 #define LEN(a)     (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
-#define DEFAULT(a, b)     (a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)    
+#define DEFAULT(a, b)     (a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)
 #define BETWEEN(x, a, b)  ((a) <= (x) && (x) <= (b))
 #define LIMIT(x, a, b)    (x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
 #define ATTRCMP(a, b) ((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || (a).bg != (b).bg)
 #define IS_SET(flag) (term.mode & (flag))
+#define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2) ((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + (t1.tv_usec-t2.tv_usec)/1000)
+#define X2COL(x) (((x) - BORDER)/xw.cw)
+#define Y2ROW(y) (((y) - BORDER)/xw.ch)
+
+enum glyph_attribute {
+	ATTR_NULL      = 0,
+	ATTR_REVERSE   = 1,
+	ATTR_UNDERLINE = 2,
+	ATTR_BOLD      = 4,
+	ATTR_GFX       = 8,
+};
 
-/* Attribute, Cursor, Character state, Terminal mode, Screen draw mode */
-enum { ATTR_NULL=0 , ATTR_REVERSE=1 , ATTR_UNDERLINE=2, ATTR_BOLD=4, ATTR_GFX=8 };
-enum { CURSOR_UP, CURSOR_DOWN, CURSOR_LEFT, CURSOR_RIGHT,
-       CURSOR_SAVE, CURSOR_LOAD };
-enum { CURSOR_DEFAULT = 0, CURSOR_HIDE = 1, CURSOR_WRAPNEXT = 2 };
-enum { GLYPH_SET=1, GLYPH_DIRTY=2 };
-enum { MODE_WRAP=1, MODE_INSERT=2, MODE_APPKEYPAD=4, MODE_ALTSCREEN=8, 
-       MODE_CRLF=16 };
-enum { ESC_START=1, ESC_CSI=2, ESC_OSC=4, ESC_TITLE=8, ESC_ALTCHARSET=16 };
-enum { SCREEN_UPDATE, SCREEN_REDRAW };
-enum { WIN_VISIBLE=1, WIN_REDRAW=2, WIN_FOCUSED=4 };
+enum cursor_movement {
+	CURSOR_UP,
+	CURSOR_DOWN,
+	CURSOR_LEFT,
+	CURSOR_RIGHT,
+	CURSOR_SAVE,
+	CURSOR_LOAD
+};
+
+enum cursor_state {
+	CURSOR_DEFAULT  = 0,
+	CURSOR_HIDE     = 1,
+	CURSOR_WRAPNEXT = 2
+};
+
+enum glyph_state {
+	GLYPH_SET   = 1,
+	GLYPH_DIRTY = 2
+};
+
+enum term_mode {
+	MODE_WRAP        = 1,
+	MODE_INSERT      = 2,
+	MODE_APPKEYPAD   = 4,
+	MODE_ALTSCREEN   = 8,
+	MODE_CRLF        = 16,
+	MODE_MOUSEBTN    = 32,
+	MODE_MOUSEMOTION = 64,
+	MODE_MOUSE       = 32|64,
+	MODE_REVERSE     = 128
+};
+
+enum escape_state {
+	ESC_START      = 1,
+	ESC_CSI        = 2,
+	ESC_OSC        = 4,
+	ESC_TITLE      = 8,
+	ESC_ALTCHARSET = 16
+};
+
+enum window_state {
+	WIN_VISIBLE = 1,
+	WIN_REDRAW  = 2,
+	WIN_FOCUSED = 4
+};
+
+/* bit macro */
+#undef B0
+enum { B0=1, B1=2, B2=4, B3=8, B4=16, B5=32, B6=64, B7=128 };
+
+typedef unsigned char uchar;
+typedef unsigned int uint;
+typedef unsigned long ulong;
+typedef unsigned short ushort;
 
 typedef struct {
-	char c;     /* character code  */
-	char mode;  /* attribute flags */
-	int fg;     /* foreground      */
-	int bg;     /* background      */
-	char state; /* state flags     */
+	char c[UTF_SIZ];     /* character code */
+	uchar mode;  /* attribute flags */
+	ushort fg;   /* foreground  */
+	ushort bg;   /* background  */
+	uchar state; /* state flags    */
 } Glyph;
 
 typedef Glyph* Line;
@@ -82,21 +151,22 @@ typedef struct {
 /* ESC '[' [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode>] */
 typedef struct {
 	char buf[ESC_BUF_SIZ]; /* raw string */
-	int len;			   /* raw string length */
+	int len;               /* raw string length */
 	char priv;
 	int arg[ESC_ARG_SIZ];
-	int narg;			   /* nb of args */
+	int narg;              /* nb of args */
 	char mode;
 } CSIEscape;
 
 /* Internal representation of the screen */
 typedef struct {
-	int row;	/* nb row */  
+	int row;	/* nb row */
 	int col;	/* nb col */
 	Line* line;	/* screen */
 	Line* alt;	/* alternate screen */
+	bool* dirty; /* dirtyness of lines */
 	TCursor c;	/* cursor */
-	int top;	/* top	  scroll limit */
+	int top;	/* top    scroll limit */
 	int bot;	/* bottom scroll limit */
 	int mode;	/* terminal mode flags */
 	int esc;	/* escape state flags */
@@ -106,51 +176,65 @@ typedef struct {
 
 /* Purely graphic info */
 typedef struct {
-	Display* dis;
+	Display* dpy;
 	Colormap cmap;
 	Window win;
-	Pixmap buf;
+	XdbeBackBuffer buf;
+	Atom xembed;
 	XIM xim;
 	XIC xic;
 	int scr;
-	int w;	/* window width	 */
+	int w;	/* window width */
 	int h;	/* window height */
 	int bufw; /* pixmap width  */
 	int bufh; /* pixmap height */
 	int ch; /* char height */
 	int cw; /* char width  */
 	char state; /* focus, redraw, visible */
-} XWindow; 
+	struct timeval lastdraw;
+} XWindow;
 
 typedef struct {
 	KeySym k;
+	uint mask;
 	char s[ESC_BUF_SIZ];
 } Key;
 
-/* Drawing Context */
-typedef struct {
-	unsigned long col[256];
-	XFontStruct* font;
-	XFontStruct* bfont;
-	GC gc;
-} DC;
 
 /* TODO: use better name for vars... */
 typedef struct {
 	int mode;
 	int bx, by;
 	int ex, ey;
-	struct {int x, y;}  b, e;
+	struct {int x, y;} b, e;
 	char *clip;
+	Atom xtarget;
+	struct timeval tclick1;
+	struct timeval tclick2;
 } Selection;
 
 #include "config.h"
 
-static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
-static void draw(int);
+/* Drawing Context */
+typedef struct {
+	ulong col[LEN(colorname) < 256 ? 256 : LEN(colorname)];
+	GC gc;
+	struct {
+		int ascent;
+		int descent;
+		short lbearing;
+		short rbearing;
+		XFontSet set;
+	} font, bfont;
+} DC;
+
+static void die(const char*, ...);
+static void draw(void);
+static void drawregion(int, int, int, int);
 static void execsh(void);
 static void sigchld(int);
 static void run(void);
+static bool last_draw_too_old(void);
 
 static void csidump(void);
 static void csihandle(void);
@@ -167,45 +251,62 @@ static void tmoveto(int, int);
 static void tnew(int, int);
 static void tnewline(int);
 static void tputtab(void);
-static void tputc(char);
-static void tputs(char*, int);
+static void tputc(char*);
 static void treset(void);
-static void tresize(int, int);
+static int tresize(int, int);
 static void tscrollup(int, int);
 static void tscrolldown(int, int);
 static void tsetattr(int*, int);
-static void tsetchar(char);
+static void tsetchar(char*);
 static void tsetscroll(int, int);
 static void tswapscreen(void);
+static void tsetdirt(int, int);
+static void tfulldirt(void);
 
 static void ttynew(void);
 static void ttyread(void);
 static void ttyresize(int, int);
 static void ttywrite(const char *, size_t);
 
-static void xdraws(char *, Glyph, int, int, int);
+static void xdraws(char *, Glyph, int, int, int, int);
 static void xhints(void);
 static void xclear(int, int, int, int);
+static void xcopy();
 static void xdrawcursor(void);
 static void xinit(void);
 static void xloadcols(void);
 static void xseturgency(int);
+static void xsetsel(char*);
+static void xresize(int, int);
 
 static void expose(XEvent *);
 static void visibility(XEvent *);
 static void unmap(XEvent *);
-static char* kmap(KeySym);
+static char* kmap(KeySym, uint);
 static void kpress(XEvent *);
+static void cmessage(XEvent *);
 static void resize(XEvent *);
 static void focus(XEvent *);
 static void brelease(XEvent *);
 static void bpress(XEvent *);
 static void bmotion(XEvent *);
-static void selection_notify(XEvent *);
-static void selection_request(XEvent *);
+static void selnotify(XEvent *);
+static void selrequest(XEvent *);
+
+static void selinit(void);
+static inline bool selected(int, int);
+static void selcopy(void);
+static void selpaste();
+static void selscroll(int, int);
+
+static int utf8decode(char *, long *);
+static int utf8encode(long *, char *);
+static int utf8size(char *);
+static int isfullutf8(char *, int);
 
 static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *) = {
 	[KeyPress] = kpress,
+	[ClientMessage] = cmessage,
 	[ConfigureNotify] = resize,
 	[VisibilityNotify] = visibility,
 	[UnmapNotify] = unmap,
@@ -215,8 +316,8 @@ static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *) = {
 	[MotionNotify] = bmotion,
 	[ButtonPress] = bpress,
 	[ButtonRelease] = brelease,
-	[SelectionNotify] = selection_notify,
-	[SelectionRequest] = selection_request,
+	[SelectionNotify] = selnotify,
+	[SelectionRequest] = selrequest,
 };
 
 /* Globals */
@@ -227,104 +328,270 @@ static CSIEscape escseq;
 static int cmdfd;
 static pid_t pid;
 static Selection sel;
-static char *opt_cmd   = NULL;
+static char **opt_cmd  = NULL;
 static char *opt_title = NULL;
+static char *opt_embed = NULL;
+static char *opt_class = NULL;
+
+int
+utf8decode(char *s, long *u) {
+	uchar c;
+	int i, n, rtn;
+
+	rtn = 1;
+	c = *s;
+	if(~c & B7) { /* 0xxxxxxx */
+		*u = c;
+		return rtn;
+	} else if((c & (B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6)) { /* 110xxxxx */
+		*u = c&(B4|B3|B2|B1|B0);
+		n = 1;
+	} else if((c & (B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5)) { /* 1110xxxx */
+		*u = c&(B3|B2|B1|B0);
+		n = 2;
+	} else if((c & (B7|B6|B5|B4|B3)) == (B7|B6|B5|B4)) { /* 11110xxx */
+		*u = c & (B2|B1|B0);
+		n = 3;
+	} else
+		goto invalid;
+	for(i = n, ++s; i > 0; --i, ++rtn, ++s) {
+		c = *s;
+		if((c & (B7|B6)) != B7) /* 10xxxxxx */
+			goto invalid;
+		*u <<= 6;
+		*u |= c & (B5|B4|B3|B2|B1|B0);
+	}
+	if((n == 1 && *u < 0x80) ||
+	   (n == 2 && *u < 0x800) ||
+	   (n == 3 && *u < 0x10000) ||
+	   (*u >= 0xD800 && *u <= 0xDFFF))
+		goto invalid;
+	return rtn;
+invalid:
+	*u = 0xFFFD;
+	return rtn;
+}
+
+int
+utf8encode(long *u, char *s) {
+	uchar *sp;
+	ulong uc;
+	int i, n;
+
+	sp = (uchar*) s;
+	uc = *u;
+	if(uc < 0x80) {
+		*sp = uc; /* 0xxxxxxx */
+		return 1;
+	} else if(*u < 0x800) {
+		*sp = (uc >> 6) | (B7|B6); /* 110xxxxx */
+		n = 1;
+	} else if(uc < 0x10000) {
+		*sp = (uc >> 12) | (B7|B6|B5); /* 1110xxxx */
+		n = 2;
+	} else if(uc <= 0x10FFFF) {
+		*sp = (uc >> 18) | (B7|B6|B5|B4); /* 11110xxx */
+		n = 3;
+	} else {
+		goto invalid;
+	}
+	for(i=n,++sp; i>0; --i,++sp)
+		*sp = ((uc >> 6*(i-1)) & (B5|B4|B3|B2|B1|B0)) | B7; /* 10xxxxxx */
+	return n+1;
+invalid:
+	/* U+FFFD */
+	*s++ = '\xEF';
+	*s++ = '\xBF';
+	*s = '\xBD';
+	return 3;
+}
+
+/* use this if your buffer is less than UTF_SIZ, it returns 1 if you can decode
+   UTF-8 otherwise return 0 */
+int
+isfullutf8(char *s, int b) {
+	uchar *c1, *c2, *c3;
+
+	c1 = (uchar *) s;
+	c2 = (uchar *) ++s;
+	c3 = (uchar *) ++s;
+	if(b < 1)
+		return 0;
+	else if((*c1&(B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6) && b == 1)
+		return 0;
+	else if((*c1&(B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5) &&
+	    ((b == 1) ||
+	    ((b == 2) && (*c2&(B7|B6)) == B7)))
+		return 0;
+	else if((*c1&(B7|B6|B5|B4|B3)) == (B7|B6|B5|B4) &&
+	    ((b == 1) ||
+	    ((b == 2) && (*c2&(B7|B6)) == B7) ||
+	    ((b == 3) && (*c2&(B7|B6)) == B7 && (*c3&(B7|B6)) == B7)))
+		return 0;
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
+int
+utf8size(char *s) {
+	uchar c = *s;
+
+	if(~c&B7)
+		return 1;
+	else if((c&(B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6))
+		return 2;
+	else if((c&(B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5))
+		return 3;
+	else
+		return 4;
+}
 
 void
 selinit(void) {
+	memset(&sel.tclick1, 0, sizeof(sel.tclick1));
+	memset(&sel.tclick2, 0, sizeof(sel.tclick2));
 	sel.mode = 0;
 	sel.bx = -1;
 	sel.clip = NULL;
+	sel.xtarget = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "UTF8_STRING", 0);
+	if(sel.xtarget == None)
+		sel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
 }
 
-static inline int selected(int x, int y) {
+static inline bool
+selected(int x, int y) {
 	if(sel.ey == y && sel.by == y) {
 		int bx = MIN(sel.bx, sel.ex);
 		int ex = MAX(sel.bx, sel.ex);
 		return BETWEEN(x, bx, ex);
 	}
-	return ((sel.b.y < y&&y < sel.e.y) || (y==sel.e.y && x<=sel.e.x)) 
+	return ((sel.b.y < y&&y < sel.e.y) || (y==sel.e.y && x<=sel.e.x))
 		|| (y==sel.b.y && x>=sel.b.x && (x<=sel.e.x || sel.b.y!=sel.e.y));
 }
 
-static void getbuttoninfo(XEvent *e, int *b, int *x, int *y) {
-	if(b) 
+void
+getbuttoninfo(XEvent *e, int *b, int *x, int *y) {
+	if(b)
 		*b = e->xbutton.button;
 
-	*x = e->xbutton.x/xw.cw;
-	*y = e->xbutton.y/xw.ch;
+	*x = X2COL(e->xbutton.x);
+	*y = Y2ROW(e->xbutton.y);
 	sel.b.x = sel.by < sel.ey ? sel.bx : sel.ex;
 	sel.b.y = MIN(sel.by, sel.ey);
 	sel.e.x = sel.by < sel.ey ? sel.ex : sel.bx;
 	sel.e.y = MAX(sel.by, sel.ey);
 }
 
-static void bpress(XEvent *e) {
-	sel.mode = 1;
-	sel.ex = sel.bx = e->xbutton.x/xw.cw;
-	sel.ey = sel.by = e->xbutton.y/xw.ch;
+void
+mousereport(XEvent *e) {
+	int x = X2COL(e->xbutton.x);
+	int y = Y2ROW(e->xbutton.y);
+	int button = e->xbutton.button;
+	int state = e->xbutton.state;
+	char buf[] = { '\033', '[', 'M', 0, 32+x+1, 32+y+1 };
+	static int ob, ox, oy;
+	
+	/* from urxvt */
+	if(e->xbutton.type == MotionNotify) {
+		if(!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) || (x == ox && y == oy))
+			return;
+		button = ob + 32;
+		ox = x, oy = y;
+	} else if(e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease || button == AnyButton) {
+		button = 3;
+	} else {
+		button -= Button1;
+		if(button >= 3)
+			button += 64 - 3;
+		if(e->xbutton.type == ButtonPress) {
+			ob = button;
+			ox = x, oy = y;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	buf[3] = 32 + button + (state & ShiftMask ? 4 : 0)
+		+ (state & Mod4Mask    ? 8  : 0)
+		+ (state & ControlMask ? 16 : 0);
+	
+	ttywrite(buf, sizeof(buf));
+}
+
+void
+bpress(XEvent *e) {
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE))
+		mousereport(e);
+	else if(e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
+		if(sel.bx != -1)
+			tsetdirt(sel.b.y, sel.e.y);
+		sel.mode = 1;
+		sel.ex = sel.bx = X2COL(e->xbutton.x);
+		sel.ey = sel.by = Y2ROW(e->xbutton.y);
+	}
 }
 
-static char *getseltext() {
+void
+selcopy(void) {
 	char *str, *ptr;
-	int ls, x, y, sz;
+	int x, y, bufsize, is_selected = 0;
+
 	if(sel.bx == -1)
-		return NULL;
-	sz = (term.col+1) * (sel.e.y-sel.b.y+1);
-	ptr = str = malloc(sz);
-	for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++) {
-		for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++)
-			if(term.line[y][x].state & GLYPH_SET && (ls = selected(x, y)))
-				*ptr = term.line[y][x].c, ptr++;
-		if(ls)
-			*ptr = '\n', ptr++;
+		str = NULL;
+
+	else {
+		bufsize = (term.col+1) * (sel.e.y-sel.b.y+1) * UTF_SIZ;
+		ptr = str = malloc(bufsize);
+
+		/* append every set & selected glyph to the selection */
+		for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++) {
+			for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++) {
+				is_selected = selected(x, y);
+				if((term.line[y][x].state & GLYPH_SET) && is_selected) {
+					int size = utf8size(term.line[y][x].c);
+					memcpy(ptr, term.line[y][x].c, size);
+					ptr += size;
+				}
+			}
+
+			/* \n at the end of every selected line except for the last one */
+			if(is_selected && y < sel.e.y)
+				*ptr++ = '\n';
+		}
+		*ptr = 0;
 	}
-	*ptr = 0;
-	return str;
+	xsetsel(str);
 }
 
-static void selection_notify(XEvent *e) {
-	unsigned long nitems;
-	unsigned long length;
-	int format, res;
-	unsigned char *data;
+void
+selnotify(XEvent *e) {
+	ulong nitems, ofs, rem;
+	int format;
+	uchar *data;
 	Atom type;
 
-	res = XGetWindowProperty(xw.dis, xw.win, XA_PRIMARY, 0, 0, False, 
-				AnyPropertyType, &type, &format, &nitems, &length, &data);
-	switch(res) {
-		case BadAtom:
-		case BadValue:
-		case BadWindow:
-			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid paste, XGetWindowProperty0");
+	ofs = 0;
+	do {
+		if(XGetWindowProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, XA_PRIMARY, ofs, BUFSIZ/4,
+					False, AnyPropertyType, &type, &format,
+					&nitems, &rem, &data)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Clipboard allocation failed\n");
 			return;
-	}
-
-	res = XGetWindowProperty(xw.dis, xw.win, XA_PRIMARY, 0, length, False,
-				AnyPropertyType, &type, &format, &nitems, &length, &data);
-	switch(res) {
-		case BadAtom:
-		case BadValue:
-		case BadWindow:
-			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid paste, XGetWindowProperty0");
-			return;
-	}
-
-	if(data) {
+		}
 		ttywrite((const char *) data, nitems * format / 8);
 		XFree(data);
-	}
+		/* number of 32-bit chunks returned */
+		ofs += nitems * format / 32;
+	} while(rem > 0);
 }
 
-static void selpaste() {
-	XConvertSelection(xw.dis, XA_PRIMARY, XA_STRING, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
+void
+selpaste() {
+	XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, sel.xtarget, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
 }
 
-static void selection_request(XEvent *e)
-{
+void
+selrequest(XEvent *e) {
 	XSelectionRequestEvent *xsre;
 	XSelectionEvent xev;
-	int res;
 	Atom xa_targets;
 
 	xsre = (XSelectionRequestEvent *) e;
@@ -336,120 +603,103 @@ static void selection_request(XEvent *e)
 	/* reject */
 	xev.property = None;
 
-	xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dis, "TARGETS", 0);
+	xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "TARGETS", 0);
 	if(xsre->target == xa_targets) {
 		/* respond with the supported type */
-		Atom string = XA_STRING;
-		res = XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property, XA_ATOM, 32,
-				PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &string, 1);
-		switch(res) {
-			case BadAlloc:
-			case BadAtom:
-			case BadMatch:
-			case BadValue:
-			case BadWindow:
-				fprintf(stderr, "Error in selection_request, TARGETS");
-				break;
-			default:
-				xev.property = xsre->property;
-		}
-	} else if(xsre->target == XA_STRING) {
-		res = XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
-				xsre->target, 8, PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) sel.clip,
-				strlen(sel.clip));
-		switch(res) {
-			case BadAlloc:
-			case BadAtom:
-			case BadMatch:
-			case BadValue:
-			case BadWindow:
-				fprintf(stderr, "Error in selection_request, XA_STRING");
-				break;
-			default:
-			 xev.property = xsre->property;
-		}
+		Atom string = sel.xtarget;
+		XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
+				XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace,
+				(uchar *) &string, 1);
+		xev.property = xsre->property;
+	} else if(xsre->target == sel.xtarget && sel.clip != NULL) {
+		XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
+				xsre->target, 8, PropModeReplace,
+				(uchar *) sel.clip, strlen(sel.clip));
+		xev.property = xsre->property;
 	}
 
 	/* all done, send a notification to the listener */
-	res = XSendEvent(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, True, 0, (XEvent *) &xev);
-	switch(res) {
-		case 0:
-		case BadValue:
-		case BadWindow:
-			fprintf(stderr, "Error in selection_requested, XSendEvent");
-	}
+	if(!XSendEvent(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, True, 0, (XEvent *) &xev))
+		fprintf(stderr, "Error sending SelectionNotify event\n");
 }
 
-static void selcopy(char *str) {
+void
+xsetsel(char *str) {
 	/* register the selection for both the clipboard and the primary */
 	Atom clipboard;
-	int res;
 
 	free(sel.clip);
 	sel.clip = str;
 
-	res = XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dis, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
-	switch(res) {
-		case BadAtom:
-		case BadWindow:
-			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid copy, XSetSelectionOwner");
-			return;
-	}
+	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
 
-	clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dis, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
-	res = XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dis, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
-	switch(res) {
-		case BadAtom:
-		case BadWindow:
-			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid copy, XSetSelectionOwner");
-			return;
-	}
+	clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
+	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
 
-	XFlush(xw.dis);
+	XFlush(xw.dpy);
 }
 
-/* TODO: doubleclick to select word */
-static void brelease(XEvent *e) {
-	int b;
-	sel.mode = 0;
-	getbuttoninfo(e, &b, &sel.ex, &sel.ey);
-	if(sel.bx==sel.ex && sel.by==sel.ey) {
-		sel.bx = -1;
-		if(b==2)
-			selpaste();
-	} else {
-		if(b==1)
-			selcopy(getseltext());
+void
+brelease(XEvent *e) {
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE)) {
+		mousereport(e);
+		return;
 	}
-	draw(1);
-}
-
-static void bmotion(XEvent *e) {
-	if (sel.mode) {
+	if(e->xbutton.button == Button2)
+		selpaste();
+	else if(e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
+		sel.mode = 0;
 		getbuttoninfo(e, NULL, &sel.ex, &sel.ey);
-		draw(1);
+		term.dirty[sel.ey] = 1;
+		if(sel.bx == sel.ex && sel.by == sel.ey) {
+			struct timeval now;
+			sel.bx = -1;
+			gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+
+			if(TIMEDIFF(now, sel.tclick2) <= TRIPLECLICK_TIMEOUT) {
+				/* triple click on the line */
+				sel.b.x = sel.bx = 0;
+				sel.e.x = sel.ex = term.col;
+				sel.b.y = sel.e.y = sel.ey;
+				selcopy();
+			} else if(TIMEDIFF(now, sel.tclick1) <= DOUBLECLICK_TIMEOUT) {
+				/* double click to select word */
+				sel.bx = sel.ex;
+				while(sel.bx > 0 && term.line[sel.ey][sel.bx-1].state & GLYPH_SET &&
+					  term.line[sel.ey][sel.bx-1].c[0] != ' ') sel.bx--;
+				sel.b.x = sel.bx;
+				while(sel.ex < term.col-1 && term.line[sel.ey][sel.ex+1].state & GLYPH_SET &&
+					  term.line[sel.ey][sel.ex+1].c[0] != ' ') sel.ex++;
+				sel.e.x = sel.ex;
+				sel.b.y = sel.e.y = sel.ey;
+				selcopy();
+			}
+		} else
+			selcopy();
 	}
+	memcpy(&sel.tclick2, &sel.tclick1, sizeof(struct timeval));
+	gettimeofday(&sel.tclick1, NULL);
+	draw();
 }
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
 void
-tdump(void) {
-	int row, col;
-	Glyph c;
+bmotion(XEvent *e) {
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE)) {
+		mousereport(e);
+		return;
+	}
+	if(sel.mode) {
+		int oldey = sel.ey, oldex = sel.ex;
+		getbuttoninfo(e, NULL, &sel.ex, &sel.ey);
 
-	for(row = 0; row < term.row; row++) {
-		for(col = 0; col < term.col; col++) {
-			if(col == term.c.x && row == term.c.y)
-				putchar('#');
-			else {
-				c = term.line[row][col];
-				putchar(c.state & GLYPH_SET ? c.c : '.');
-			}
+		if(oldey != sel.ey || oldex != sel.ex) {
+			int starty = MIN(oldey, sel.ey);
+			int endy = MAX(oldey, sel.ey);
+			tsetdirt(starty, endy);
+			draw();
 		}
-		putchar('\n');
 	}
 }
-#endif
 
 void
 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
@@ -463,16 +713,17 @@ die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 
 void
 execsh(void) {
-	char *args[] = {getenv("SHELL"), "-i", NULL};
-	if(opt_cmd)
-		args[0] = opt_cmd, args[1] = NULL;
-	else
-		DEFAULT(args[0], SHELL);
+	char **args;
+	char *envshell = getenv("SHELL");
+
+	DEFAULT(envshell, SHELL);
 	putenv("TERM="TNAME);
+	args = opt_cmd ? opt_cmd : (char*[]){envshell, "-i", NULL};
 	execvp(args[0], args);
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
-void 
+void
 sigchld(int a) {
 	int stat = 0;
 	if(waitpid(pid, &stat, 0) < 0)
@@ -524,13 +775,31 @@ dump(char c) {
 
 void
 ttyread(void) {
-	char buf[BUFSIZ];
+	static char buf[BUFSIZ];
+	static int buflen = 0;
+	char *ptr;
+	char s[UTF_SIZ];
+	int charsize; /* size of utf8 char in bytes */
+	long utf8c;
 	int ret;
 
-	if((ret = read(cmdfd, buf, LEN(buf))) < 0)
+	/* append read bytes to unprocessed bytes */
+	if((ret = read(cmdfd, buf+buflen, LEN(buf)-buflen)) < 0)
 		die("Couldn't read from shell: %s\n", SERRNO);
-	else
-		tputs(buf, ret);
+
+	/* process every complete utf8 char */
+	buflen += ret;
+	ptr = buf;
+	while(buflen >= UTF_SIZ || isfullutf8(ptr,buflen)) {
+		charsize = utf8decode(ptr, &utf8c);
+		utf8encode(&utf8c, s);
+		tputc(s);
+		ptr    += charsize;
+		buflen -= charsize;
+	}
+
+	/* keep any uncomplete utf8 char for the next call */
+	memmove(buf, ptr, buflen);
 }
 
 void
@@ -550,6 +819,24 @@ ttyresize(int x, int y) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set window size: %s\n", SERRNO);
 }
 
+void
+tsetdirt(int top, int bot)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	LIMIT(top, 0, term.row-1);
+	LIMIT(bot, 0, term.row-1);
+
+	for(i = top; i <= bot; i++)
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
+}
+
+void
+tfulldirt(void)
+{
+	tsetdirt(0, term.row-1);
+}
+
 void
 tcursor(int mode) {
 	static TCursor c;
@@ -563,8 +850,8 @@ tcursor(int mode) {
 void
 treset(void) {
 	term.c = (TCursor){{
-		.mode = ATTR_NULL, 
-		.fg = DefaultFG, 
+		.mode = ATTR_NULL,
+		.fg = DefaultFG,
 		.bg = DefaultBG
 	}, .x = 0, .y = 0, .state = CURSOR_DEFAULT};
 	
@@ -579,9 +866,12 @@ tnew(int col, int row) {
 	term.row = row, term.col = col;
 	term.line = malloc(term.row * sizeof(Line));
 	term.alt  = malloc(term.row * sizeof(Line));
-	for(row = 0 ; row < term.row; row++) {
+	term.dirty = malloc(term.row * sizeof(*term.dirty));
+
+	for(row = 0; row < term.row; row++) {
 		term.line[row] = malloc(term.col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt [row] = malloc(term.col * sizeof(Glyph));
+		term.dirty[row] = 0;
 	}
 	/* setup screen */
 	treset();
@@ -593,6 +883,7 @@ tswapscreen(void) {
 	term.line = term.alt;
 	term.alt = tmp;
 	term.mode ^= MODE_ALTSCREEN;
+	tfulldirt();
 }
 
 void
@@ -608,7 +899,12 @@ tscrolldown(int orig, int n) {
 		temp = term.line[i];
 		term.line[i] = term.line[i-n];
 		term.line[i-n] = temp;
+
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
+		term.dirty[i-n] = 1;
 	}
+
+	selscroll(orig, n);
 }
 
 void
@@ -619,10 +915,38 @@ tscrollup(int orig, int n) {
 	
 	tclearregion(0, orig, term.col-1, orig+n-1);
 	
-	for(i = orig; i <= term.bot-n; i++) { 
+	for(i = orig; i <= term.bot-n; i++) {
 		 temp = term.line[i];
-		 term.line[i] = term.line[i+n]; 
+		 term.line[i] = term.line[i+n];
 		 term.line[i+n] = temp;
+
+		 term.dirty[i] = 1;
+		 term.dirty[i+n] = 1;
+	}
+
+	selscroll(orig, -n);
+}
+
+void
+selscroll(int orig, int n) {
+	if(sel.bx == -1)
+		return;
+	
+	if(BETWEEN(sel.by, orig, term.bot) || BETWEEN(sel.ey, orig, term.bot)) {
+		if((sel.by += n) > term.bot || (sel.ey += n) < term.top) {
+			sel.bx = -1;
+			return;
+		}
+		if(sel.by < term.top) {
+			sel.by = term.top;
+			sel.bx = 0;
+		}
+		if(sel.ey > term.bot) {
+			sel.ey = term.bot;
+			sel.ex = term.col;
+		}
+		sel.b.y = sel.by, sel.b.x = sel.bx;
+		sel.e.y = sel.ey, sel.e.x = sel.ex;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -670,9 +994,10 @@ tmoveto(int x, int y) {
 }
 
 void
-tsetchar(char c) {
+tsetchar(char *c) {
+	term.dirty[term.c.y] = 1;
 	term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x] = term.c.attr;
-	term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].c = c;
+	memcpy(term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].c, c, UTF_SIZ);
 	term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].state |= GLYPH_SET;
 }
 
@@ -690,9 +1015,11 @@ tclearregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
 	LIMIT(y1, 0, term.row-1);
 	LIMIT(y2, 0, term.row-1);
 
-	for(y = y1; y <= y2; y++)
+	for(y = y1; y <= y2; y++) {
+		term.dirty[y] = 1;
 		for(x = x1; x <= x2; x++)
 			term.line[y][x].state = 0;
+	}
 }
 
 void
@@ -700,6 +1027,8 @@ tdeletechar(int n) {
 	int src = term.c.x + n;
 	int dst = term.c.x;
 	int size = term.col - src;
+	
+	term.dirty[term.c.y] = 1;
 
 	if(src >= term.col) {
 		tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
@@ -715,6 +1044,8 @@ tinsertblank(int n) {
 	int dst = src + n;
 	int size = term.col - dst;
 
+	term.dirty[term.c.y] = 1;
+
 	if(dst >= term.col) {
 		tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
 		return;
@@ -751,47 +1082,47 @@ tsetattr(int *attr, int l) {
 			term.c.attr.bg = DefaultBG;
 			break;
 		case 1:
-			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_BOLD;	 
+			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_BOLD;
 			break;
-		case 4: 
+		case 4:
 			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_UNDERLINE;
 			break;
-		case 7: 
-			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;	
+		case 7:
+			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;
 			break;
-		case 22: 
-			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_BOLD;	 
+		case 22:
+			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_BOLD;
 			break;
-		case 24: 
+		case 24:
 			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_UNDERLINE;
 			break;
-		case 27: 
-			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_REVERSE;	 
+		case 27:
+			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_REVERSE;
 			break;
 		case 38:
-			if (i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
+			if(i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
 				i += 2;
-				if (BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
+				if(BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
 					term.c.attr.fg = attr[i];
 				else
 					fprintf(stderr, "erresc: bad fgcolor %d\n", attr[i]);
 			}
 			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]); 
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]);
 			break;
 		case 39:
 			term.c.attr.fg = DefaultFG;
 			break;
 		case 48:
-			if (i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
+			if(i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
 				i += 2;
-				if (BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
+				if(BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
 					term.c.attr.bg = attr[i];
 				else
 					fprintf(stderr, "erresc: bad bgcolor %d\n", attr[i]);
 			}
 			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]); 
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]);
 			break;
 		case 49:
 			term.c.attr.bg = DefaultBG;
@@ -805,7 +1136,7 @@ tsetattr(int *attr, int l) {
 				term.c.attr.fg = attr[i] - 90 + 8;
 			else if(BETWEEN(attr[i], 100, 107))
 				term.c.attr.fg = attr[i] - 100 + 8;
-			else 
+			else
 				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]), csidump();
 			
 			break;
@@ -825,7 +1156,7 @@ tsetscroll(int t, int b) {
 		b = temp;
 	}
 	term.top = t;
-	term.bot = b;	 
+	term.bot = b;
 }
 
 void
@@ -833,7 +1164,7 @@ csihandle(void) {
 	switch(escseq.mode) {
 	default:
 	unknown:
-		printf("erresc: unknown csi ");
+		fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown csi ");
 		csidump();
 		/* die(""); */
 		break;
@@ -880,12 +1211,17 @@ csihandle(void) {
 		break;
 	/* XXX: (CSI n I) CHT -- Cursor Forward Tabulation <n> tab stops */
 	case 'J': /* ED -- Clear screen */
+		sel.bx = -1;
 		switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
 		case 0: /* below */
-			tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.row-1);
+			tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
+			if(term.c.y < term.row-1)
+				tclearregion(0, term.c.y+1, term.col-1, term.row-1);
 			break;
 		case 1: /* above */
-			tclearregion(0, 0, term.c.x, term.c.y);
+			if(term.c.y > 1)
+				tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.c.y-1);
+			tclearregion(0, term.c.y, term.c.x, term.c.y);
 			break;
 		case 2: /* all */
 			tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
@@ -925,7 +1261,11 @@ csihandle(void) {
 			case 1:
 				term.mode &= ~MODE_APPKEYPAD;
 				break;
-			case 5: /* TODO: DECSCNM -- Remove reverse video */
+			case 5: /* DECSCNM -- Remove reverse video */
+				if(IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
+					term.mode &= ~MODE_REVERSE;
+					draw();
+				}
 				break;
 			case 7:
 				term.mode &= ~MODE_WRAP;
@@ -938,13 +1278,20 @@ csihandle(void) {
 			case 25:
 				term.c.state |= CURSOR_HIDE;
 				break;
+			case 1000: /* disable X11 xterm mouse reporting */
+				term.mode &= ~MODE_MOUSEBTN;
+				break;
+			case 1002:
+				term.mode &= ~MODE_MOUSEMOTION;
+				break;
 			case 1049: /* = 1047 and 1048 */
+			case 47:
 			case 1047:
 				if(IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN)) {
 					tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
 					tswapscreen();
 				}
-				if(escseq.arg[0] == 1047)
+				if(escseq.arg[0] != 1049)
 					break;
 			case 1048:
 				tcursor(CURSOR_LOAD);
@@ -986,7 +1333,10 @@ csihandle(void) {
 				term.mode |= MODE_APPKEYPAD;
 				break;
 			case 5: /* DECSCNM -- Reverve video */
-				/* TODO: set REVERSE on the whole screen (f) */
+				if(!IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
+					term.mode |= MODE_REVERSE;
+					draw();
+				}
 				break;
 			case 7:
 				term.mode |= MODE_WRAP;
@@ -1001,13 +1351,20 @@ csihandle(void) {
 			case 25:
 				term.c.state &= ~CURSOR_HIDE;
 				break;
+			case 1000: /* 1000,1002: enable xterm mouse report */
+				term.mode |= MODE_MOUSEBTN;
+				break;
+			case 1002:
+				term.mode |= MODE_MOUSEMOTION;
+				break;
 			case 1049: /* = 1047 and 1048 */
+			case 47:
 			case 1047:
 				if(IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN))
 					tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
 				else
 					tswapscreen();
-				if(escseq.arg[0] == 1047)
+				if(escseq.arg[0] != 1049)
 					break;
 			case 1048:
 				tcursor(CURSOR_SAVE);
@@ -1046,14 +1403,17 @@ csihandle(void) {
 }
 
 void
-csidump(void) { 
+csidump(void) {
 	int i;
-	printf("ESC [ %s", escseq.priv ? "? " : "");
-	if(escseq.narg)
-		for(i = 0; i < escseq.narg; i++)
-			printf("%d ", escseq.arg[i]);
-	if(escseq.mode)
-		putchar(escseq.mode);
+	printf("ESC[");
+	for(i = 0; i < escseq.len; i++) {
+		uint c = escseq.buf[i] & 0xff;
+		if(isprint(c)) putchar(c);
+		else if(c == '\n') printf("(\\n)");
+		else if(c == '\r') printf("(\\r)");
+		else if(c == 0x1b) printf("(\\e)");
+		else printf("(%02x)", c);
+	}
 	putchar('\n');
 }
 
@@ -1069,30 +1429,31 @@ tputtab(void) {
 }
 
 void
-tputc(char c) {
+tputc(char *c) {
+	char ascii = *c;
 	if(term.esc & ESC_START) {
 		if(term.esc & ESC_CSI) {
-			escseq.buf[escseq.len++] = c;
-			if(BETWEEN(c, 0x40, 0x7E) || escseq.len >= ESC_BUF_SIZ) {
+			escseq.buf[escseq.len++] = ascii;
+			if(BETWEEN(ascii, 0x40, 0x7E) || escseq.len >= ESC_BUF_SIZ) {
 				term.esc = 0;
 				csiparse(), csihandle();
 			}
 			/* TODO: handle other OSC */
-		} else if(term.esc & ESC_OSC) { 
-			if(c == ';') {
+		} else if(term.esc & ESC_OSC) {
+			if(ascii == ';') {
 				term.titlelen = 0;
 				term.esc = ESC_START | ESC_TITLE;
 			}
 		} else if(term.esc & ESC_TITLE) {
-			if(c == '\a' || term.titlelen+1 >= ESC_TITLE_SIZ) {
+			if(ascii == '\a' || term.titlelen+1 >= ESC_TITLE_SIZ) {
 				term.esc = 0;
 				term.title[term.titlelen] = '\0';
-				XStoreName(xw.dis, xw.win, term.title);
+				XStoreName(xw.dpy, xw.win, term.title);
 			} else {
-				term.title[term.titlelen++] = c;
+				term.title[term.titlelen++] = ascii;
 			}
 		} else if(term.esc & ESC_ALTCHARSET) {
-			switch(c) {
+			switch(ascii) {
 			case '0': /* Line drawing crap */
 				term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_GFX;
 				break;
@@ -1100,11 +1461,11 @@ tputc(char c) {
 				term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_GFX;
 				break;
 			default:
-				printf("esc unhandled charset: ESC ( %c\n", c);
+				fprintf(stderr, "esc unhandled charset: ESC ( %c\n", ascii);
 			}
 			term.esc = 0;
 		} else {
-			switch(c) {
+			switch(ascii) {
 			case '[':
 				term.esc |= ESC_CSI;
 				break;
@@ -1153,12 +1514,15 @@ tputc(char c) {
 				term.esc = 0;
 				break;
 			default:
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown sequence ESC 0x%02X '%c'\n", c, isprint(c)?c:'.');
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown sequence ESC 0x%02X '%c'\n",
+				    (uchar) ascii, isprint(ascii)?ascii:'.');
 				term.esc = 0;
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
-		switch(c) {
+		if(sel.bx != -1 && BETWEEN(term.c.y, sel.by, sel.ey))
+			sel.bx = -1;
+		switch(ascii) {
 		case '\t':
 			tputtab();
 			break;
@@ -1190,18 +1554,11 @@ tputc(char c) {
 				tmoveto(term.c.x+1, term.c.y);
 			else
 				term.c.state |= CURSOR_WRAPNEXT;
-			break;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-void
-tputs(char *s, int len) {
-	for(; len > 0; len--)
-		tputc(*s++);
-}
-
-void
+int
 tresize(int col, int row) {
 	int i, x;
 	int minrow = MIN(row, term.row);
@@ -1209,7 +1566,7 @@ tresize(int col, int row) {
 	int slide = term.c.y - row + 1;
 
 	if(col < 1 || row < 1)
-		return;
+		return 0;
 
 	/* free unneeded rows */
 	i = 0;
@@ -1232,9 +1589,11 @@ tresize(int col, int row) {
 	/* resize to new height */
 	term.line = realloc(term.line, row * sizeof(Line));
 	term.alt  = realloc(term.alt,  row * sizeof(Line));
+	term.dirty = realloc(term.dirty, row * sizeof(*term.dirty));
 
 	/* resize each row to new width, zero-pad if needed */
 	for(i = 0; i < minrow; i++) {
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
 		term.line[i] = realloc(term.line[i], col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt[i]  = realloc(term.alt[i],  col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		for(x = mincol; x < col; x++) {
@@ -1245,6 +1604,7 @@ tresize(int col, int row) {
 
 	/* allocate any new rows */
 	for(/* i == minrow */; i < row; i++) {
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
 		term.line[i] = calloc(col, sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt [i] = calloc(col, sizeof(Glyph));
 	}
@@ -1255,30 +1615,41 @@ tresize(int col, int row) {
 	tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y);
 	/* reset scrolling region */
 	tsetscroll(0, row-1);
+
+	return (slide > 0);
+}
+
+void
+xresize(int col, int row) {
+	xw.bufw = MAX(1, col * xw.cw);
+	xw.bufh = MAX(1, row * xw.ch);
 }
 
 void
 xloadcols(void) {
 	int i, r, g, b;
 	XColor color;
-	unsigned long white = WhitePixel(xw.dis, xw.scr);
+	ulong white = WhitePixel(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
 
-	for(i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-		if (!XAllocNamedColor(xw.dis, xw.cmap, colorname[i], &color, &color)) {
+	/* load colors [0-15] colors and [256-LEN(colorname)[ (config.h) */
+	for(i = 0; i < LEN(colorname); i++) {
+		if(!colorname[i])
+			continue;
+		if(!XAllocNamedColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[i], &color, &color)) {
 			dc.col[i] = white;
 			fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate color '%s'\n", colorname[i]);
 		} else
 			dc.col[i] = color.pixel;
 	}
-
-	/* same colors as xterm */
-	for(r = 0; r < 6; r++)
+	
+	/* load colors [16-255] ; same colors as xterm */
+	for(i = 16, r = 0; r < 6; r++)
 		for(g = 0; g < 6; g++)
 			for(b = 0; b < 6; b++) {
 				color.red = r == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * r;
 				color.green = g == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * g;
 				color.blue = b == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * b;
-				if (!XAllocColor(xw.dis, xw.cmap, &color)) {
+				if(!XAllocColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, &color)) {
 					dc.col[i] = white;
 					fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate color %d\n", i);
 				} else
@@ -1288,7 +1659,7 @@ xloadcols(void) {
 
 	for(r = 0; r < 24; r++, i++) {
 		color.red = color.green = color.blue = 0x0808 + 0x0a0a * r;
-		if (!XAllocColor(xw.dis, xw.cmap, &color)) {
+		if (!XAllocColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, &color)) {
 			dc.col[i] = white;
 			fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate color %d\n", i);
 		} else
@@ -1298,16 +1669,15 @@ xloadcols(void) {
 
 void
 xclear(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[DefaultBG]);
-	XFillRectangle(xw.dis, xw.buf, dc.gc,
+	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE) ? DefaultFG : DefaultBG]);
+	XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc,
 	               x1 * xw.cw, y1 * xw.ch,
 	               (x2-x1+1) * xw.cw, (y2-y1+1) * xw.ch);
 }
 
 void
-xhints(void)
-{
-	XClassHint class = {TNAME, TNAME};
+xhints(void) {
+	XClassHint class = {opt_class ? opt_class : TNAME, TNAME};
 	XWMHints wm = {.flags = InputHint, .input = 1};
 	XSizeHints size = {
 		.flags = PSize | PResizeInc | PBaseSize,
@@ -1318,32 +1688,77 @@ xhints(void)
 		.base_height = 2*BORDER,
 		.base_width = 2*BORDER,
 	};
-	XSetWMProperties(xw.dis, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &size, &wm, &class);
+	XSetWMProperties(xw.dpy, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &size, &wm, &class);
+}
+
+XFontSet
+xinitfont(char *fontstr) {
+	XFontSet set;
+	char *def, **missing;
+	int n;
+
+	missing = NULL;
+	set = XCreateFontSet(xw.dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
+	if(missing) {
+		while(n--)
+			fprintf(stderr, "st: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
+		XFreeStringList(missing);
+	}
+	return set;
+}
+
+void
+xgetfontinfo(XFontSet set, int *ascent, int *descent, short *lbearing, short *rbearing) {
+	XFontStruct **xfonts;
+	char **font_names;
+	int i, n;
+
+	*ascent = *descent = *lbearing = *rbearing = 0;
+	n = XFontsOfFontSet(set, &xfonts, &font_names);
+	for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		*ascent = MAX(*ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
+		*descent = MAX(*descent, (*xfonts)->descent);
+		*lbearing = MAX(*lbearing, (*xfonts)->min_bounds.lbearing);
+		*rbearing = MAX(*rbearing, (*xfonts)->max_bounds.rbearing);
+		xfonts++;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+initfonts(char *fontstr, char *bfontstr) {
+	if((dc.font.set = xinitfont(fontstr)) == NULL ||
+	   (dc.bfont.set = xinitfont(bfontstr)) == NULL)
+		die("Can't load font %s\n", dc.font.set ? BOLDFONT : FONT);
+	xgetfontinfo(dc.font.set, &dc.font.ascent, &dc.font.descent,
+	    &dc.font.lbearing, &dc.font.rbearing);
+	xgetfontinfo(dc.bfont.set, &dc.bfont.ascent, &dc.bfont.descent,
+	    &dc.bfont.lbearing, &dc.bfont.rbearing);
 }
 
 void
 xinit(void) {
 	XSetWindowAttributes attrs;
+	Cursor cursor;
+	Window parent;
 
-	if(!(xw.dis = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
+	if(!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
 		die("Can't open display\n");
-	xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dis);
+	xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dpy);
 	
 	/* font */
-	if(!(dc.font = XLoadQueryFont(xw.dis, FONT)) || !(dc.bfont = XLoadQueryFont(xw.dis, BOLDFONT)))
-		die("Can't load font %s\n", dc.font ? BOLDFONT : FONT);
+	initfonts(FONT, BOLDFONT);
 
 	/* XXX: Assuming same size for bold font */
-	xw.cw = dc.font->max_bounds.rbearing - dc.font->min_bounds.lbearing;
-	xw.ch = dc.font->ascent + dc.font->descent;
+	xw.cw = dc.font.rbearing - dc.font.lbearing;
+	xw.ch = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 
 	/* colors */
-	xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dis, xw.scr);
+	xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
 	xloadcols();
 
 	/* window - default size */
-	xw.bufh = 24 * xw.ch;
-	xw.bufw = 80 * xw.cw;
+	xw.bufh = term.row * xw.ch;
+	xw.bufw = term.col * xw.cw;
 	xw.h = xw.bufh + 2*BORDER;
 	xw.w = xw.bufw + 2*BORDER;
 
@@ -1352,165 +1767,188 @@ xinit(void) {
 	attrs.bit_gravity = NorthWestGravity;
 	attrs.event_mask = FocusChangeMask | KeyPressMask
 		| ExposureMask | VisibilityChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask
-		| PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
+		| ButtonMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask
+		| EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask;
 	attrs.colormap = xw.cmap;
 
-	xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dis, XRootWindow(xw.dis, xw.scr), 0, 0,
-			xw.w, xw.h, 0, XDefaultDepth(xw.dis, xw.scr), InputOutput,
-			XDefaultVisual(xw.dis, xw.scr),
+	parent = opt_embed ? strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0) : XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
+	xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dpy, parent, 0, 0,
+			xw.w, xw.h, 0, XDefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr), InputOutput,
+			XDefaultVisual(xw.dpy, xw.scr),
 			CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity | CWEventMask
 			| CWColormap,
 			&attrs);
-	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dis, xw.win, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, XDefaultDepth(xw.dis, xw.scr));
+	xw.buf = XdbeAllocateBackBufferName(xw.dpy, xw.win, XdbeCopied);
 
 
 	/* input methods */
-	xw.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dis, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-	xw.xic = XCreateIC(xw.xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing 
-					   | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow, xw.win, 
+	xw.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	xw.xic = XCreateIC(xw.xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing
+					   | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow, xw.win,
 					   XNFocusWindow, xw.win, NULL);
 	/* gc */
-	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dis, xw.win, 0, NULL);
+	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, xw.win, 0, NULL);
 	
-	XMapWindow(xw.dis, xw.win);
+	/* white cursor, black outline */
+	cursor = XCreateFontCursor(xw.dpy, XC_xterm);
+	XDefineCursor(xw.dpy, xw.win, cursor);
+	XRecolorCursor(xw.dpy, cursor,
+		&(XColor){.red = 0xffff, .green = 0xffff, .blue = 0xffff},
+		&(XColor){.red = 0x0000, .green = 0x0000, .blue = 0x0000});
+
+	xw.xembed = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
+
+	XStoreName(xw.dpy, xw.win, opt_title ? opt_title : "st");
+	XMapWindow(xw.dpy, xw.win);
 	xhints();
-	XStoreName(xw.dis, xw.win, opt_title ? opt_title : "st");
-	XSync(xw.dis, 0);
+	XSync(xw.dpy, 0);
 }
 
 void
-xdraws(char *s, Glyph base, int x, int y, int len) {
-	unsigned long xfg, xbg;
-	int winx = x*xw.cw, winy = y*xw.ch + dc.font->ascent, width = len*xw.cw;
+xdraws(char *s, Glyph base, int x, int y, int charlen, int bytelen) {
+	int fg = base.fg, bg = base.bg, temp;
+	int winx = x*xw.cw, winy = y*xw.ch + dc.font.ascent, width = charlen*xw.cw;
+	XFontSet fontset = dc.font.set;
 	int i;
+	
+	/* only switch default fg/bg if term is in RV mode */
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
+		if(fg == DefaultFG)
+			fg = DefaultBG;
+		if(bg == DefaultBG)
+			bg = DefaultFG;
+	}
 
 	if(base.mode & ATTR_REVERSE)
-		xfg = dc.col[base.bg], xbg = dc.col[base.fg];
-	else
-		xfg = dc.col[base.fg], xbg = dc.col[base.bg];
+		temp = fg, fg = bg, bg = temp;
 
-	XSetBackground(xw.dis, dc.gc, xbg);
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, xfg);
-	
-	if(base.mode & ATTR_GFX)
-		for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-			char c = gfx[(unsigned int)s[i] % 256];
+	if(base.mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
+		fg += 8;
+		fontset = dc.bfont.set;
+	}
+
+	XSetBackground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[bg]);
+	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[fg]);
+
+	if(base.mode & ATTR_GFX) {
+		for(i = 0; i < bytelen; i++) {
+			char c = gfx[(uint)s[i] % 256];
 			if(c)
 				s[i] = c;
 			else if(s[i] > 0x5f)
 				s[i] -= 0x5f;
 		}
+	}
 
-	XSetFont(xw.dis, dc.gc, base.mode & ATTR_BOLD ? dc.bfont->fid : dc.font->fid);
-	XDrawImageString(xw.dis, xw.buf, dc.gc, winx, winy, s, len);
+	XmbDrawImageString(xw.dpy, xw.buf, fontset, dc.gc, winx, winy, s, bytelen);
 	
 	if(base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE)
-		XDrawLine(xw.dis, xw.buf, dc.gc, winx, winy+1, winx+width-1, winy+1);
+		XDrawLine(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, winx, winy+1, winx+width-1, winy+1);
+}
+
+/* copy buffer pixmap to screen pixmap */
+void
+xcopy() {
+        XdbeSwapInfo swpinfo[1] = {{xw.win, XdbeCopied}};
+        XdbeSwapBuffers(xw.dpy, swpinfo, 1);
+
 }
 
 void
 xdrawcursor(void) {
 	static int oldx = 0;
 	static int oldy = 0;
-	Glyph g = {' ', ATTR_NULL, DefaultBG, DefaultCS, 0};
+	int sl;
+	Glyph g = {{' '}, ATTR_NULL, DefaultBG, DefaultCS, 0};
 	
 	LIMIT(oldx, 0, term.col-1);
 	LIMIT(oldy, 0, term.row-1);
 	
 	if(term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].state & GLYPH_SET)
-		g.c = term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].c;
-	
+		memcpy(g.c, term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].c, UTF_SIZ);
+
 	/* remove the old cursor */
-	if(term.line[oldy][oldx].state & GLYPH_SET)
-		xdraws(&term.line[oldy][oldx].c, term.line[oldy][oldx], oldx, oldy, 1);
-	else
+	if(term.line[oldy][oldx].state & GLYPH_SET) {
+		sl = utf8size(term.line[oldy][oldx].c);
+		xdraws(term.line[oldy][oldx].c, term.line[oldy][oldx], oldx, oldy, 1, sl);
+	} else
 		xclear(oldx, oldy, oldx, oldy);
-	
+
+	xcopy(oldx, oldy, 1, 1);
+
 	/* draw the new one */
-	if(!(term.c.state & CURSOR_HIDE) && (xw.state & WIN_FOCUSED)) {
-		xdraws(&g.c, g, term.c.x, term.c.y, 1);
+	if(!(term.c.state & CURSOR_HIDE)) {
+		if(!(xw.state & WIN_FOCUSED))
+			g.bg = DefaultUCS;
+
+		if(IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE))
+			g.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE, g.fg = DefaultCS, g.bg = DefaultFG;
+
+		sl = utf8size(g.c);
+		xdraws(g.c, g, term.c.x, term.c.y, 1, sl);
 		oldx = term.c.x, oldy = term.c.y;
 	}
-}
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-/* basic drawing routines */
-void
-xdrawc(int x, int y, Glyph g) {
-	XRectangle r = { x * xw.cw, y * xw.ch, xw.cw, xw.ch };
-	XSetBackground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[g.bg]);
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[g.fg]);
-	XSetFont(xw.dis, dc.gc, g.mode & ATTR_BOLD ? dc.bfont->fid : dc.font->fid);
-	XDrawImageString(xw.dis, xw.buf, dc.gc, r.x, r.y+dc.font->ascent, &g.c, 1);
+	xcopy(term.c.x, term.c.y, 1, 1);
 }
 
 void
-draw(int dummy) {
-	int x, y;
-
-	xclear(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
-	for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++)
-		for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++)
-			if(term.line[y][x].state & GLYPH_SET)
-				xdrawc(x, y, term.line[y][x]);
-
-	xdrawcursor();
-	XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, BORDER, BORDER);
-	XFlush(xw.dis);
+draw() {
+	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
+	xcopy();
+	gettimeofday(&xw.lastdraw, NULL);
 }
 
-#else
-/* optimized drawing routine */
 void
-draw(int redraw_all) {
-	int i, x, y, ox;
+drawregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
+	int ic, ib, x, y, ox, sl;
 	Glyph base, new;
 	char buf[DRAW_BUF_SIZ];
 
 	if(!(xw.state & WIN_VISIBLE))
 		return;
 
-	xclear(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
-	for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++) {
+	for(y = y1; y < y2; y++) {
+		if(!term.dirty[y])
+			continue;
+		xclear(0, y, term.col, y);
+		term.dirty[y] = 0;
 		base = term.line[y][0];
-		i = ox = 0;
-		for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++) {
+		ic = ib = ox = 0;
+		for(x = x1; x < x2; x++) {
 			new = term.line[y][x];
-			if(sel.bx!=-1 && new.c && selected(x, y))
+			if(sel.bx != -1 && *(new.c) && selected(x, y))
 				new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-			if(i > 0 && (!(new.state & GLYPH_SET) || ATTRCMP(base, new) ||
-					i >= DRAW_BUF_SIZ)) {
-				xdraws(buf, base, ox, y, i);
-				i = 0;
+			if(ib > 0 && (!(new.state & GLYPH_SET) || ATTRCMP(base, new) ||
+						  ib >= DRAW_BUF_SIZ-UTF_SIZ)) {
+				xdraws(buf, base, ox, y, ic, ib);
+				ic = ib = 0;
 			}
 			if(new.state & GLYPH_SET) {
-				if(i == 0) {
+				if(ib == 0) {
 					ox = x;
 					base = new;
 				}
-				buf[i++] = new.c;
+				sl = utf8size(new.c);
+				memcpy(buf+ib, new.c, sl);
+				ib += sl;
+				++ic;
 			}
 		}
-		if(i > 0)
-			xdraws(buf, base, ox, y, i);
+		if(ib > 0)
+			xdraws(buf, base, ox, y, ic, ib);
 	}
 	xdrawcursor();
-	XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, BORDER, BORDER);
 }
 
-#endif
-
 void
 expose(XEvent *ev) {
 	XExposeEvent *e = &ev->xexpose;
 	if(xw.state & WIN_REDRAW) {
-		if(!e->count) {
+		if(!e->count)
 			xw.state &= ~WIN_REDRAW;
-			draw(SCREEN_REDRAW);
-		}
-	} else
-		XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, e->x-BORDER, e->y-BORDER,
-				e->width, e->height, e->x, e->y);
+        }
+        xcopy();
 }
 
 void
@@ -1530,9 +1968,9 @@ unmap(XEvent *ev) {
 
 void
 xseturgency(int add) {
-	XWMHints *h = XGetWMHints(xw.dis, xw.win);
+	XWMHints *h = XGetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win);
 	h->flags = add ? (h->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (h->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
-	XSetWMHints(xw.dis, xw.win, h);
+	XSetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win, h);
 	XFree(h);
 }
 
@@ -1543,15 +1981,18 @@ focus(XEvent *ev) {
 		xseturgency(0);
 	} else
 		xw.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
-	draw(SCREEN_UPDATE);
+	draw();
 }
 
 char*
-kmap(KeySym k) {
+kmap(KeySym k, uint state) {
 	int i;
-	for(i = 0; i < LEN(key); i++)
-		if(key[i].k == k)
+	state &= ~Mod2Mask;
+	for(i = 0; i < LEN(key); i++) {
+		uint mask = key[i].mask;
+		if(key[i].k == k && ((state & mask) == mask || (mask == XK_NO_MOD && !state)))
 			return (char*)key[i].s;
+	}
 	return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -1571,7 +2012,7 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev) {
 	len = XmbLookupString(xw.xic, e, buf, sizeof(buf), &ksym, &status);
 	
 	/* 1. custom keys from config.h */
-	if((customkey = kmap(ksym)))
+	if((customkey = kmap(ksym, e->state)))
 		ttywrite(customkey, strlen(customkey));
 	/* 2. hardcoded (overrides X lookup) */
 	else
@@ -1580,7 +2021,8 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev) {
 		case XK_Down:
 		case XK_Left:
 		case XK_Right:
-			sprintf(buf, "\033%c%c", IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? 'O' : '[', "DACB"[ksym - XK_Left]);
+			/* XXX: shift up/down doesn't work */
+			sprintf(buf, "\033%c%c", IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? 'O' : '[', (shift ? "dacb":"DACB")[ksym - XK_Left]);
 			ttywrite(buf, 3);
 			break;
 		case XK_Insert:
@@ -1596,16 +2038,29 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev) {
 			/* 3. X lookup  */
 		default:
 			if(len > 0) {
-				buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = '\0';
 				if(meta && len == 1)
 					ttywrite("\033", 1);
 				ttywrite(buf, len);
-			} else /* 4. nothing to send */
-				fprintf(stderr, "errkey: %d\n", (int)ksym);
+			}
 			break;
 		}
 }
 
+void
+cmessage(XEvent *e) {
+	/* See xembed specs
+	   http://standards.freedesktop.org/xembed-spec/xembed-spec-latest.html */
+	if (e->xclient.message_type == xw.xembed && e->xclient.format == 32) {
+		if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_IN) {
+			xw.state |= WIN_FOCUSED;
+			xseturgency(0);
+		} else if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT) {
+			xw.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
+		}
+		draw();
+	}
+}
+
 void
 resize(XEvent *e) {
 	int col, row;
@@ -1615,40 +2070,55 @@ resize(XEvent *e) {
 	
 	xw.w = e->xconfigure.width;
 	xw.h = e->xconfigure.height;
-	xw.bufw = xw.w - 2*BORDER;
-	xw.bufh = xw.h - 2*BORDER;
-	col = xw.bufw / xw.cw;
-	row = xw.bufh / xw.ch;
-	tresize(col, row);
+	col = (xw.w - 2*BORDER) / xw.cw;
+	row = (xw.h - 2*BORDER) / xw.ch;
+	if(col == term.col && row == term.row)
+		return;
+	if(tresize(col, row))
+		draw();
 	ttyresize(col, row);
-	xw.bufh = MAX(1, xw.bufh);
-	xw.bufw = MAX(1, xw.bufw);
-	XFreePixmap(xw.dis, xw.buf);
-	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dis, xw.win, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, XDefaultDepth(xw.dis, xw.scr));
+	xresize(col, row);
+}
+
+bool
+last_draw_too_old(void) {
+	struct timeval now;
+	gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+	return TIMEDIFF(now, xw.lastdraw) >= DRAW_TIMEOUT/1000;
 }
 
 void
 run(void) {
 	XEvent ev;
 	fd_set rfd;
-	int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dis);
-
+	int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dpy);
+	struct timeval timeout = {0};
+	bool stuff_to_print = 0;
+	
 	for(;;) {
 		FD_ZERO(&rfd);
 		FD_SET(cmdfd, &rfd);
 		FD_SET(xfd, &rfd);
-		if(select(MAX(xfd, cmdfd)+1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
+		timeout.tv_sec  = 0;
+		timeout.tv_usec = SELECT_TIMEOUT;
+		if(select(MAX(xfd, cmdfd)+1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, &timeout) < 0) {
 			if(errno == EINTR)
 				continue;
 			die("select failed: %s\n", SERRNO);
 		}
 		if(FD_ISSET(cmdfd, &rfd)) {
 			ttyread();
-			draw(SCREEN_UPDATE); 
+			stuff_to_print = 1;
 		}
-		while(XPending(xw.dis)) {
-			XNextEvent(xw.dis, &ev);
-			if (XFilterEvent(&ev, xw.win))
+
+		if(stuff_to_print && last_draw_too_old()) {
+			stuff_to_print = 0;
+			draw();
+		}
+
+		while(XPending(xw.dpy)) {
+			XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
+			if(XFilterEvent(&ev, xw.win))
 				continue;
 			if(handler[ev.type])
 				(handler[ev.type])(&ev);
@@ -1665,14 +2135,23 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 		case 't':
 			if(++i < argc) opt_title = argv[i];
 			break;
-		case 'e':
-			if(++i < argc) opt_cmd = argv[i];
+		case 'c':
+			if(++i < argc) opt_class = argv[i];
 			break;
+		case 'w':
+			if(++i < argc) opt_embed = argv[i];
+			break;
+		case 'e':
+			/* eat every remaining arguments */
+			if(++i < argc) opt_cmd = &argv[i];
+			goto run;
 		case 'v':
 		default:
 			die(USAGE);
 		}
 	}
+
+ run:
 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
 	tnew(80, 24);
 	ttynew();