X-Git-Url: https://git.xinqibao.xyz/st.git/blobdiff_plain/eaf38bf310a3c7850df2444fcdd77683ab8e4dc2..b11d85c9bef5a49c071553410c3f73c3181c6ece:/st.c?ds=sidebyside

diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
index 35945b0..bd230a3 100644
--- a/st.c
+++ b/st.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -13,13 +14,17 @@
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/select.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <X11/Xlib.h>
 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
-#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include <X11/Xlib.h>
 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
+#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
+#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include <X11/extensions/Xdbe.h>
 
 #if   defined(__linux)
  #include <pty.h>
@@ -30,47 +35,108 @@
 #endif
 
 #define USAGE \
-	"st-" VERSION ", (c) 2010 st engineers\n" \
-	"usage: st [-t title] [-c class] [-e cmd] [-v]\n"
+	"st " VERSION " (c) 2010-2012 st engineers\n" \
+	"usage: st [-t title] [-c class] [-w windowid] [-v] [-e command...]\n"
+
+/* XEMBED messages */
+#define XEMBED_FOCUS_IN  4
+#define XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT 5
 
 /* Arbitrary sizes */
-#define ESC_TITLE_SIZ 256
 #define ESC_BUF_SIZ   256
 #define ESC_ARG_SIZ   16
+#define STR_BUF_SIZ   256
+#define STR_ARG_SIZ   16
 #define DRAW_BUF_SIZ  1024
 #define UTF_SIZ       4
+#define XK_NO_MOD     UINT_MAX
+#define XK_ANY_MOD    0
+
+#define SELECT_TIMEOUT (20*1000) /* 20 ms */
+#define DRAW_TIMEOUT  (20*1000) /* 20 ms */
 
 #define SERRNO strerror(errno)
 #define MIN(a, b)  ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
 #define MAX(a, b)  ((a) < (b) ? (b) : (a))
 #define LEN(a)     (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
-#define DEFAULT(a, b)     (a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)    
+#define DEFAULT(a, b)     (a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)
 #define BETWEEN(x, a, b)  ((a) <= (x) && (x) <= (b))
 #define LIMIT(x, a, b)    (x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
 #define ATTRCMP(a, b) ((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || (a).bg != (b).bg)
 #define IS_SET(flag) (term.mode & (flag))
+#define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2) ((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + (t1.tv_usec-t2.tv_usec)/1000)
+#define X2COL(x) (((x) - BORDER)/xw.cw)
+#define Y2ROW(y) (((y) - BORDER)/xw.ch)
+
+enum glyph_attribute {
+	ATTR_NULL      = 0,
+	ATTR_REVERSE   = 1,
+	ATTR_UNDERLINE = 2,
+	ATTR_BOLD      = 4,
+	ATTR_GFX       = 8,
+};
 
-/* Attribute, Cursor, Character state, Terminal mode, Screen draw mode */
-enum { ATTR_NULL=0 , ATTR_REVERSE=1 , ATTR_UNDERLINE=2, ATTR_BOLD=4, ATTR_GFX=8 };
-enum { CURSOR_UP, CURSOR_DOWN, CURSOR_LEFT, CURSOR_RIGHT,
-       CURSOR_SAVE, CURSOR_LOAD };
-enum { CURSOR_DEFAULT = 0, CURSOR_HIDE = 1, CURSOR_WRAPNEXT = 2 };
-enum { GLYPH_SET=1, GLYPH_DIRTY=2 };
-enum { MODE_WRAP=1, MODE_INSERT=2, MODE_APPKEYPAD=4, MODE_ALTSCREEN=8, 
-       MODE_CRLF=16 };
-enum { ESC_START=1, ESC_CSI=2, ESC_OSC=4, ESC_TITLE=8, ESC_ALTCHARSET=16 };
-enum { SCREEN_UPDATE, SCREEN_REDRAW };
-enum { WIN_VISIBLE=1, WIN_REDRAW=2, WIN_FOCUSED=4 };
+enum cursor_movement {
+	CURSOR_UP,
+	CURSOR_DOWN,
+	CURSOR_LEFT,
+	CURSOR_RIGHT,
+	CURSOR_SAVE,
+	CURSOR_LOAD
+};
 
+enum cursor_state {
+	CURSOR_DEFAULT  = 0,
+	CURSOR_HIDE     = 1,
+	CURSOR_WRAPNEXT = 2
+};
+
+enum glyph_state {
+	GLYPH_SET   = 1,
+	GLYPH_DIRTY = 2
+};
+
+enum term_mode {
+	MODE_WRAP	= 1,
+	MODE_INSERT      = 2,
+	MODE_APPKEYPAD   = 4,
+	MODE_ALTSCREEN   = 8,
+	MODE_CRLF	= 16,
+	MODE_MOUSEBTN    = 32,
+	MODE_MOUSEMOTION = 64,
+	MODE_MOUSE       = 32|64,
+	MODE_REVERSE     = 128
+};
+
+enum escape_state {
+	ESC_START      = 1,
+	ESC_CSI	= 2,
+	ESC_STR	= 4, /* DSC, OSC, PM, APC */
+	ESC_ALTCHARSET = 8,
+	ESC_STR_END    = 16, /* a final string was encountered */
+};
+
+enum window_state {
+	WIN_VISIBLE = 1,
+	WIN_REDRAW  = 2,
+	WIN_FOCUSED = 4
+};
+
+/* bit macro */
 #undef B0
 enum { B0=1, B1=2, B2=4, B3=8, B4=16, B5=32, B6=64, B7=128 };
 
+typedef unsigned char uchar;
+typedef unsigned int uint;
+typedef unsigned long ulong;
+typedef unsigned short ushort;
+
 typedef struct {
 	char c[UTF_SIZ];     /* character code */
-	char mode;  /* attribute flags */
-	int fg;     /* foreground      */
-	int bg;     /* background      */
-	char state; /* state flags     */
+	uchar mode;  /* attribute flags */
+	ushort fg;   /* foreground  */
+	ushort bg;   /* background  */
+	uchar state; /* state flags    */
 } Glyph;
 
 typedef Glyph* Line;
@@ -86,54 +152,80 @@ typedef struct {
 /* ESC '[' [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode>] */
 typedef struct {
 	char buf[ESC_BUF_SIZ]; /* raw string */
-	int len;			   /* raw string length */
+	int len;	       /* raw string length */
 	char priv;
 	int arg[ESC_ARG_SIZ];
-	int narg;			   /* nb of args */
+	int narg;	      /* nb of args */
 	char mode;
 } CSIEscape;
 
+/* STR Escape sequence structs */
+/* ESC type [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode>] ESC '\' */
+typedef struct {
+	char type;	     /* ESC type ... */
+	char buf[STR_BUF_SIZ]; /* raw string */
+	int len;	       /* raw string length */
+	char *args[STR_ARG_SIZ];
+	int narg;	      /* nb of args */
+} STREscape;
+
 /* Internal representation of the screen */
 typedef struct {
-	int row;	/* nb row */  
+	int row;	/* nb row */
 	int col;	/* nb col */
 	Line* line;	/* screen */
 	Line* alt;	/* alternate screen */
+	bool* dirty;	/* dirtyness of lines */
 	TCursor c;	/* cursor */
-	int top;	/* top	  scroll limit */
+	int top;	/* top    scroll limit */
 	int bot;	/* bottom scroll limit */
 	int mode;	/* terminal mode flags */
 	int esc;	/* escape state flags */
-	char title[ESC_TITLE_SIZ];
-	int titlelen;
+	bool *tabs;
 } Term;
 
 /* Purely graphic info */
 typedef struct {
-	Display* dis;
+	Display* dpy;
 	Colormap cmap;
 	Window win;
-	Pixmap buf;
+	XdbeBackBuffer buf;
+	Atom xembed;
 	XIM xim;
 	XIC xic;
 	int scr;
-	int w;	/* window width	 */
+	int w;	/* window width */
 	int h;	/* window height */
-	int bufw; /* pixmap width  */
-	int bufh; /* pixmap height */
 	int ch; /* char height */
 	int cw; /* char width  */
 	char state; /* focus, redraw, visible */
-} XWindow; 
+	struct timeval lastdraw;
+} XWindow;
 
 typedef struct {
 	KeySym k;
+	uint mask;
 	char s[ESC_BUF_SIZ];
 } Key;
 
+
+/* TODO: use better name for vars... */
+typedef struct {
+	int mode;
+	int bx, by;
+	int ex, ey;
+	struct {int x, y;} b, e;
+	char *clip;
+	Atom xtarget;
+	struct timeval tclick1;
+	struct timeval tclick2;
+} Selection;
+
+#include "config.h"
+
 /* Drawing Context */
 typedef struct {
-	unsigned long col[256];
+	ulong col[LEN(colorname) < 256 ? 256 : LEN(colorname)];
 	GC gc;
 	struct {
 		int ascent;
@@ -144,27 +236,22 @@ typedef struct {
 	} font, bfont;
 } DC;
 
-/* TODO: use better name for vars... */
-typedef struct {
-	int mode;
-	int bx, by;
-	int ex, ey;
-	struct {int x, y;}  b, e;
-	char *clip;
-} Selection;
-
-#include "config.h"
-
-static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
-static void draw(int);
+static void die(const char*, ...);
+static void draw(void);
+static void drawregion(int, int, int, int);
 static void execsh(void);
 static void sigchld(int);
 static void run(void);
+static bool last_draw_too_old(void);
 
 static void csidump(void);
 static void csihandle(void);
 static void csiparse(void);
 static void csireset(void);
+static void strdump(void);
+static void strhandle(void);
+static void strparse(void);
+static void strreset(void);
 
 static void tclearregion(int, int, int, int);
 static void tcursor(int);
@@ -175,7 +262,7 @@ static void tinsertblankline(int);
 static void tmoveto(int, int);
 static void tnew(int, int);
 static void tnewline(int);
-static void tputtab(void);
+static void tputtab(bool);
 static void tputc(char*);
 static void treset(void);
 static int tresize(int, int);
@@ -185,6 +272,9 @@ static void tsetattr(int*, int);
 static void tsetchar(char*);
 static void tsetscroll(int, int);
 static void tswapscreen(void);
+static void tsetdirt(int, int);
+static void tsetmode(bool, bool, int *, int);
+static void tfulldirt(void);
 
 static void ttynew(void);
 static void ttyread(void);
@@ -194,6 +284,7 @@ static void ttywrite(const char *, size_t);
 static void xdraws(char *, Glyph, int, int, int, int);
 static void xhints(void);
 static void xclear(int, int, int, int);
+static void xcopy();
 static void xdrawcursor(void);
 static void xinit(void);
 static void xloadcols(void);
@@ -204,8 +295,9 @@ static void xresize(int, int);
 static void expose(XEvent *);
 static void visibility(XEvent *);
 static void unmap(XEvent *);
-static char* kmap(KeySym);
+static char* kmap(KeySym, uint);
 static void kpress(XEvent *);
+static void cmessage(XEvent *);
 static void resize(XEvent *);
 static void focus(XEvent *);
 static void brelease(XEvent *);
@@ -215,9 +307,10 @@ static void selnotify(XEvent *);
 static void selrequest(XEvent *);
 
 static void selinit(void);
-static inline int selected(int, int);
+static inline bool selected(int, int);
 static void selcopy(void);
-static void selpaste(void);
+static void selpaste();
+static void selscroll(int, int);
 
 static int utf8decode(char *, long *);
 static int utf8encode(long *, char *);
@@ -226,6 +319,7 @@ static int isfullutf8(char *, int);
 
 static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *) = {
 	[KeyPress] = kpress,
+	[ClientMessage] = cmessage,
 	[ConfigureNotify] = resize,
 	[VisibilityNotify] = visibility,
 	[UnmapNotify] = unmap,
@@ -243,41 +337,43 @@ static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *) = {
 static DC dc;
 static XWindow xw;
 static Term term;
-static CSIEscape escseq;
+static CSIEscape csiescseq;
+static STREscape strescseq;
 static int cmdfd;
 static pid_t pid;
 static Selection sel;
-static char *opt_cmd   = NULL;
+static char **opt_cmd  = NULL;
 static char *opt_title = NULL;
+static char *opt_embed = NULL;
 static char *opt_class = NULL;
 
 int
 utf8decode(char *s, long *u) {
-	unsigned char c;
+	uchar c;
 	int i, n, rtn;
 
 	rtn = 1;
 	c = *s;
-	if(~c&B7) { /* 0xxxxxxx */
+	if(~c & B7) { /* 0xxxxxxx */
 		*u = c;
 		return rtn;
-	} else if((c&(B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6)) { /* 110xxxxx */
+	} else if((c & (B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6)) { /* 110xxxxx */
 		*u = c&(B4|B3|B2|B1|B0);
 		n = 1;
-	} else if((c&(B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5)) { /* 1110xxxx */
+	} else if((c & (B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5)) { /* 1110xxxx */
 		*u = c&(B3|B2|B1|B0);
 		n = 2;
-	} else if((c&(B7|B6|B5|B4|B3)) == (B7|B6|B5|B4)) { /* 11110xxx */
-		*u = c&(B2|B1|B0);
+	} else if((c & (B7|B6|B5|B4|B3)) == (B7|B6|B5|B4)) { /* 11110xxx */
+		*u = c & (B2|B1|B0);
 		n = 3;
 	} else
 		goto invalid;
-	for(i=n,++s; i>0; --i,++rtn,++s) {
+	for(i = n, ++s; i > 0; --i, ++rtn, ++s) {
 		c = *s;
-		if((c&(B7|B6)) != B7) /* 10xxxxxx */
+		if((c & (B7|B6)) != B7) /* 10xxxxxx */
 			goto invalid;
 		*u <<= 6;
-		*u |= c&(B5|B4|B3|B2|B1|B0);
+		*u |= c & (B5|B4|B3|B2|B1|B0);
 	}
 	if((n == 1 && *u < 0x80) ||
 	   (n == 2 && *u < 0x800) ||
@@ -292,11 +388,11 @@ invalid:
 
 int
 utf8encode(long *u, char *s) {
-	unsigned char *sp;
-	unsigned long uc;
+	uchar *sp;
+	ulong uc;
 	int i, n;
 
-	sp = (unsigned char*) s;
+	sp = (uchar*) s;
 	uc = *u;
 	if(uc < 0x80) {
 		*sp = uc; /* 0xxxxxxx */
@@ -328,17 +424,17 @@ invalid:
    UTF-8 otherwise return 0 */
 int
 isfullutf8(char *s, int b) {
-	unsigned char *c1, *c2, *c3;
+	uchar *c1, *c2, *c3;
 
-	c1 = (unsigned char *) s;
-	c2 = (unsigned char *) ++s;
-	c3 = (unsigned char *) ++s;
+	c1 = (uchar *) s;
+	c2 = (uchar *) ++s;
+	c3 = (uchar *) ++s;
 	if(b < 1)
 		return 0;
 	else if((*c1&(B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6) && b == 1)
 		return 0;
 	else if((*c1&(B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5) &&
-	    ((b == 1) || 
+	    ((b == 1) ||
 	    ((b == 2) && (*c2&(B7|B6)) == B7)))
 		return 0;
 	else if((*c1&(B7|B6|B5|B4|B3)) == (B7|B6|B5|B4) &&
@@ -352,75 +448,127 @@ isfullutf8(char *s, int b) {
 
 int
 utf8size(char *s) {
-	unsigned char c = *s;
+	uchar c = *s;
 
-	if (~c&B7)
+	if(~c&B7)
 		return 1;
-	else if ((c&(B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6))
+	else if((c&(B7|B6|B5)) == (B7|B6))
 		return 2;
-	else if ((c&(B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5))
+	else if((c&(B7|B6|B5|B4)) == (B7|B6|B5))
 		return 3;
-	else 
+	else
 		return 4;
 }
 
 void
 selinit(void) {
+	memset(&sel.tclick1, 0, sizeof(sel.tclick1));
+	memset(&sel.tclick2, 0, sizeof(sel.tclick2));
 	sel.mode = 0;
 	sel.bx = -1;
 	sel.clip = NULL;
+	sel.xtarget = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "UTF8_STRING", 0);
+	if(sel.xtarget == None)
+		sel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
 }
 
-static inline int 
+static inline bool
 selected(int x, int y) {
 	if(sel.ey == y && sel.by == y) {
 		int bx = MIN(sel.bx, sel.ex);
 		int ex = MAX(sel.bx, sel.ex);
 		return BETWEEN(x, bx, ex);
 	}
-	return ((sel.b.y < y&&y < sel.e.y) || (y==sel.e.y && x<=sel.e.x)) 
+	return ((sel.b.y < y&&y < sel.e.y) || (y==sel.e.y && x<=sel.e.x))
 		|| (y==sel.b.y && x>=sel.b.x && (x<=sel.e.x || sel.b.y!=sel.e.y));
 }
 
 void
 getbuttoninfo(XEvent *e, int *b, int *x, int *y) {
-	if(b) 
+	if(b)
 		*b = e->xbutton.button;
 
-	*x = e->xbutton.x/xw.cw;
-	*y = e->xbutton.y/xw.ch;
+	*x = X2COL(e->xbutton.x);
+	*y = Y2ROW(e->xbutton.y);
 	sel.b.x = sel.by < sel.ey ? sel.bx : sel.ex;
 	sel.b.y = MIN(sel.by, sel.ey);
 	sel.e.x = sel.by < sel.ey ? sel.ex : sel.bx;
 	sel.e.y = MAX(sel.by, sel.ey);
 }
 
+void
+mousereport(XEvent *e) {
+	int x = X2COL(e->xbutton.x);
+	int y = Y2ROW(e->xbutton.y);
+	int button = e->xbutton.button;
+	int state = e->xbutton.state;
+	char buf[] = { '\033', '[', 'M', 0, 32+x+1, 32+y+1 };
+	static int ob, ox, oy;
+
+	/* from urxvt */
+	if(e->xbutton.type == MotionNotify) {
+		if(!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) || (x == ox && y == oy))
+			return;
+		button = ob + 32;
+		ox = x, oy = y;
+	} else if(e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease || button == AnyButton) {
+		button = 3;
+	} else {
+		button -= Button1;
+		if(button >= 3)
+			button += 64 - 3;
+		if(e->xbutton.type == ButtonPress) {
+			ob = button;
+			ox = x, oy = y;
+		}
+	}
+
+	buf[3] = 32 + button + (state & ShiftMask ? 4 : 0)
+		+ (state & Mod4Mask    ? 8  : 0)
+		+ (state & ControlMask ? 16 : 0);
+
+	ttywrite(buf, sizeof(buf));
+}
+
 void
 bpress(XEvent *e) {
-	sel.mode = 1;
-	sel.ex = sel.bx = e->xbutton.x/xw.cw;
-	sel.ey = sel.by = e->xbutton.y/xw.ch;
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE))
+		mousereport(e);
+	else if(e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
+		if(sel.bx != -1)
+			tsetdirt(sel.b.y, sel.e.y);
+		sel.mode = 1;
+		sel.ex = sel.bx = X2COL(e->xbutton.x);
+		sel.ey = sel.by = Y2ROW(e->xbutton.y);
+	}
 }
 
 void
 selcopy(void) {
 	char *str, *ptr;
-	int x, y, sz, sl, ls = 0;
+	int x, y, bufsize, is_selected = 0;
 
 	if(sel.bx == -1)
 		str = NULL;
+
 	else {
-		sz = (term.col+1) * (sel.e.y-sel.b.y+1) * UTF_SIZ;
-		ptr = str = malloc(sz);
+		bufsize = (term.col+1) * (sel.e.y-sel.b.y+1) * UTF_SIZ;
+		ptr = str = malloc(bufsize);
+
+		/* append every set & selected glyph to the selection */
 		for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++) {
-			for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++)
-				if(term.line[y][x].state & GLYPH_SET && (ls = selected(x, y))) {
-					sl = utf8size(term.line[y][x].c);
-					memcpy(ptr, term.line[y][x].c, sl);
-					ptr += sl;
+			for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++) {
+				is_selected = selected(x, y);
+				if((term.line[y][x].state & GLYPH_SET) && is_selected) {
+					int size = utf8size(term.line[y][x].c);
+					memcpy(ptr, term.line[y][x].c, size);
+					ptr += size;
 				}
-			if(ls)
-				*ptr = '\n', ptr++;
+			}
+
+			/* \n at the end of every selected line except for the last one */
+			if(is_selected && y < sel.e.y)
+				*ptr++ = '\n';
 		}
 		*ptr = 0;
 	}
@@ -429,15 +577,14 @@ selcopy(void) {
 
 void
 selnotify(XEvent *e) {
-	unsigned long nitems;
-	unsigned long ofs, rem;
+	ulong nitems, ofs, rem;
 	int format;
-	unsigned char *data;
+	uchar *data;
 	Atom type;
 
 	ofs = 0;
 	do {
-		if(XGetWindowProperty(xw.dis, xw.win, XA_PRIMARY, ofs, BUFSIZ/4,
+		if(XGetWindowProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, XA_PRIMARY, ofs, BUFSIZ/4,
 					False, AnyPropertyType, &type, &format,
 					&nitems, &rem, &data)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Clipboard allocation failed\n");
@@ -452,7 +599,7 @@ selnotify(XEvent *e) {
 
 void
 selpaste() {
-	XConvertSelection(xw.dis, XA_PRIMARY, XA_STRING, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
+	XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, sel.xtarget, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
 }
 
 void
@@ -470,18 +617,18 @@ selrequest(XEvent *e) {
 	/* reject */
 	xev.property = None;
 
-	xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dis, "TARGETS", 0);
+	xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "TARGETS", 0);
 	if(xsre->target == xa_targets) {
 		/* respond with the supported type */
-		Atom string = XA_STRING;
+		Atom string = sel.xtarget;
 		XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
 				XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace,
-				(unsigned char *) &string, 1);
+				(uchar *) &string, 1);
 		xev.property = xsre->property;
-	} else if(xsre->target == XA_STRING) {
+	} else if(xsre->target == sel.xtarget && sel.clip != NULL) {
 		XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
 				xsre->target, 8, PropModeReplace,
-				(unsigned char *) sel.clip, strlen(sel.clip));
+				(uchar *) sel.clip, strlen(sel.clip));
 		xev.property = xsre->property;
 	}
 
@@ -498,38 +645,73 @@ xsetsel(char *str) {
 	free(sel.clip);
 	sel.clip = str;
 
-	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dis, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
+	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
 
-	clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dis, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
-	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dis, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
+	clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
+	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
 
-	XFlush(xw.dis);
+	XFlush(xw.dpy);
 }
 
-/* TODO: doubleclick to select word */
 void
 brelease(XEvent *e) {
-	int b;
-	sel.mode = 0;
-	getbuttoninfo(e, &b, &sel.ex, &sel.ey);
-	if(sel.bx==sel.ex && sel.by==sel.ey) {
-		sel.bx = -1;
-		if(b==2)
-			selpaste();
-	} else {
-		if(b==1)
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE)) {
+		mousereport(e);
+		return;
+	}
+	if(e->xbutton.button == Button2)
+		selpaste();
+	else if(e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
+		sel.mode = 0;
+		getbuttoninfo(e, NULL, &sel.ex, &sel.ey);
+		term.dirty[sel.ey] = 1;
+		if(sel.bx == sel.ex && sel.by == sel.ey) {
+			struct timeval now;
+			sel.bx = -1;
+			gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+
+			if(TIMEDIFF(now, sel.tclick2) <= TRIPLECLICK_TIMEOUT) {
+				/* triple click on the line */
+				sel.b.x = sel.bx = 0;
+				sel.e.x = sel.ex = term.col;
+				sel.b.y = sel.e.y = sel.ey;
+				selcopy();
+			} else if(TIMEDIFF(now, sel.tclick1) <= DOUBLECLICK_TIMEOUT) {
+				/* double click to select word */
+				sel.bx = sel.ex;
+				while(sel.bx > 0 && term.line[sel.ey][sel.bx-1].state & GLYPH_SET &&
+					  term.line[sel.ey][sel.bx-1].c[0] != ' ') sel.bx--;
+				sel.b.x = sel.bx;
+				while(sel.ex < term.col-1 && term.line[sel.ey][sel.ex+1].state & GLYPH_SET &&
+					  term.line[sel.ey][sel.ex+1].c[0] != ' ') sel.ex++;
+				sel.e.x = sel.ex;
+				sel.b.y = sel.e.y = sel.ey;
+				selcopy();
+			}
+		} else
 			selcopy();
 	}
-	draw(1);
+	memcpy(&sel.tclick2, &sel.tclick1, sizeof(struct timeval));
+	gettimeofday(&sel.tclick1, NULL);
+	draw();
 }
 
 void
 bmotion(XEvent *e) {
-	if (sel.mode) {
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE)) {
+		mousereport(e);
+		return;
+	}
+	if(sel.mode) {
+		int oldey = sel.ey, oldex = sel.ex;
 		getbuttoninfo(e, NULL, &sel.ex, &sel.ey);
-		/* XXX: draw() can't keep up, disabled for now.
-		   selection is visible on button release.
-		   draw(1); */
+
+		if(oldey != sel.ey || oldex != sel.ex) {
+			int starty = MIN(oldey, sel.ey);
+			int endy = MAX(oldey, sel.ey);
+			tsetdirt(starty, endy);
+			draw();
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -545,16 +727,17 @@ die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 
 void
 execsh(void) {
-	char *args[] = {getenv("SHELL"), "-i", NULL};
-	if(opt_cmd)
-		args[0] = opt_cmd, args[1] = NULL;
-	else
-		DEFAULT(args[0], SHELL);
+	char **args;
+	char *envshell = getenv("SHELL");
+
+	DEFAULT(envshell, SHELL);
 	putenv("TERM="TNAME);
+	args = opt_cmd ? opt_cmd : (char*[]){envshell, "-i", NULL};
 	execvp(args[0], args);
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
-void 
+void
 sigchld(int a) {
 	int stat = 0;
 	if(waitpid(pid, &stat, 0) < 0)
@@ -568,7 +751,7 @@ sigchld(int a) {
 void
 ttynew(void) {
 	int m, s;
-	
+
 	/* seems to work fine on linux, openbsd and freebsd */
 	struct winsize w = {term.row, term.col, 0, 0};
 	if(openpty(&m, &s, NULL, NULL, &w) < 0)
@@ -606,24 +789,31 @@ dump(char c) {
 
 void
 ttyread(void) {
-	char buf[BUFSIZ], *ptr;
-	char s[UTF_SIZ];
-	int ret, br;
+	static char buf[BUFSIZ];
 	static int buflen = 0;
-	long u;
+	char *ptr;
+	char s[UTF_SIZ];
+	int charsize; /* size of utf8 char in bytes */
+	long utf8c;
+	int ret;
 
+	/* append read bytes to unprocessed bytes */
 	if((ret = read(cmdfd, buf+buflen, LEN(buf)-buflen)) < 0)
 		die("Couldn't read from shell: %s\n", SERRNO);
-	else {
-		buflen += ret;
-		for(ptr=buf; buflen>=UTF_SIZ||isfullutf8(ptr,buflen); buflen-=br) {
-			br = utf8decode(ptr, &u);
-			utf8encode(&u, s);
-			tputc(s);
-			ptr += br;
-		}
-		memcpy(buf, ptr, buflen);
+
+	/* process every complete utf8 char */
+	buflen += ret;
+	ptr = buf;
+	while(buflen >= UTF_SIZ || isfullutf8(ptr,buflen)) {
+		charsize = utf8decode(ptr, &utf8c);
+		utf8encode(&utf8c, s);
+		tputc(s);
+		ptr    += charsize;
+		buflen -= charsize;
 	}
+
+	/* keep any uncomplete utf8 char for the next call */
+	memmove(buf, ptr, buflen);
 }
 
 void
@@ -643,6 +833,24 @@ ttyresize(int x, int y) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set window size: %s\n", SERRNO);
 }
 
+void
+tsetdirt(int top, int bot)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	LIMIT(top, 0, term.row-1);
+	LIMIT(bot, 0, term.row-1);
+
+	for(i = top; i <= bot; i++)
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
+}
+
+void
+tfulldirt(void)
+{
+	tsetdirt(0, term.row-1);
+}
+
 void
 tcursor(int mode) {
 	static TCursor c;
@@ -655,12 +863,16 @@ tcursor(int mode) {
 
 void
 treset(void) {
+	unsigned i;
 	term.c = (TCursor){{
-		.mode = ATTR_NULL, 
-		.fg = DefaultFG, 
+		.mode = ATTR_NULL,
+		.fg = DefaultFG,
 		.bg = DefaultBG
 	}, .x = 0, .y = 0, .state = CURSOR_DEFAULT};
-	
+
+	memset(term.tabs, 0, term.col * sizeof(*term.tabs));
+	for (i = TAB; i < term.col; i += TAB)
+		term.tabs[i] = 1;
 	term.top = 0, term.bot = term.row - 1;
 	term.mode = MODE_WRAP;
 	tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
@@ -672,10 +884,15 @@ tnew(int col, int row) {
 	term.row = row, term.col = col;
 	term.line = malloc(term.row * sizeof(Line));
 	term.alt  = malloc(term.row * sizeof(Line));
-	for(row = 0 ; row < term.row; row++) {
+	term.dirty = malloc(term.row * sizeof(*term.dirty));
+	term.tabs = malloc(term.col * sizeof(*term.tabs));
+
+	for(row = 0; row < term.row; row++) {
 		term.line[row] = malloc(term.col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt [row] = malloc(term.col * sizeof(Glyph));
+		term.dirty[row] = 0;
 	}
+	memset(term.tabs, 0, term.col * sizeof(*term.tabs));
 	/* setup screen */
 	treset();
 }
@@ -686,22 +903,28 @@ tswapscreen(void) {
 	term.line = term.alt;
 	term.alt = tmp;
 	term.mode ^= MODE_ALTSCREEN;
+	tfulldirt();
 }
 
 void
 tscrolldown(int orig, int n) {
 	int i;
 	Line temp;
-	
+
 	LIMIT(n, 0, term.bot-orig+1);
 
 	tclearregion(0, term.bot-n+1, term.col-1, term.bot);
-	
+
 	for(i = term.bot; i >= orig+n; i--) {
 		temp = term.line[i];
 		term.line[i] = term.line[i-n];
 		term.line[i-n] = temp;
+
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
+		term.dirty[i-n] = 1;
 	}
+
+	selscroll(orig, n);
 }
 
 void
@@ -709,13 +932,41 @@ tscrollup(int orig, int n) {
 	int i;
 	Line temp;
 	LIMIT(n, 0, term.bot-orig+1);
-	
+
 	tclearregion(0, orig, term.col-1, orig+n-1);
-	
-	for(i = orig; i <= term.bot-n; i++) { 
+
+	for(i = orig; i <= term.bot-n; i++) {
 		 temp = term.line[i];
-		 term.line[i] = term.line[i+n]; 
+		 term.line[i] = term.line[i+n];
 		 term.line[i+n] = temp;
+
+		 term.dirty[i] = 1;
+		 term.dirty[i+n] = 1;
+	}
+
+	selscroll(orig, -n);
+}
+
+void
+selscroll(int orig, int n) {
+	if(sel.bx == -1)
+		return;
+
+	if(BETWEEN(sel.by, orig, term.bot) || BETWEEN(sel.ey, orig, term.bot)) {
+		if((sel.by += n) > term.bot || (sel.ey += n) < term.top) {
+			sel.bx = -1;
+			return;
+		}
+		if(sel.by < term.top) {
+			sel.by = term.top;
+			sel.bx = 0;
+		}
+		if(sel.ey > term.bot) {
+			sel.ey = term.bot;
+			sel.ex = term.col;
+		}
+		sel.b.y = sel.by, sel.b.x = sel.bx;
+		sel.e.y = sel.ey, sel.e.x = sel.ex;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -732,22 +983,22 @@ tnewline(int first_col) {
 void
 csiparse(void) {
 	/* int noarg = 1; */
-	char *p = escseq.buf;
+	char *p = csiescseq.buf;
 
-	escseq.narg = 0;
+	csiescseq.narg = 0;
 	if(*p == '?')
-		escseq.priv = 1, p++;
-	
-	while(p < escseq.buf+escseq.len) {
+		csiescseq.priv = 1, p++;
+
+	while(p < csiescseq.buf+csiescseq.len) {
 		while(isdigit(*p)) {
-			escseq.arg[escseq.narg] *= 10;
-			escseq.arg[escseq.narg] += *p++ - '0'/*, noarg = 0 */;
+			csiescseq.arg[csiescseq.narg] *= 10;
+			csiescseq.arg[csiescseq.narg] += *p++ - '0'/*, noarg = 0 */;
 		}
-		if(*p == ';' && escseq.narg+1 < ESC_ARG_SIZ)
-			escseq.narg++, p++;
+		if(*p == ';' && csiescseq.narg+1 < ESC_ARG_SIZ)
+			csiescseq.narg++, p++;
 		else {
-			escseq.mode = *p;
-			escseq.narg++;
+			csiescseq.mode = *p;
+			csiescseq.narg++;
 			return;
 		}
 	}
@@ -764,6 +1015,7 @@ tmoveto(int x, int y) {
 
 void
 tsetchar(char *c) {
+	term.dirty[term.c.y] = 1;
 	term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x] = term.c.attr;
 	memcpy(term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].c, c, UTF_SIZ);
 	term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].state |= GLYPH_SET;
@@ -783,9 +1035,11 @@ tclearregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
 	LIMIT(y1, 0, term.row-1);
 	LIMIT(y2, 0, term.row-1);
 
-	for(y = y1; y <= y2; y++)
+	for(y = y1; y <= y2; y++) {
+		term.dirty[y] = 1;
 		for(x = x1; x <= x2; x++)
 			term.line[y][x].state = 0;
+	}
 }
 
 void
@@ -794,6 +1048,8 @@ tdeletechar(int n) {
 	int dst = term.c.x;
 	int size = term.col - src;
 
+	term.dirty[term.c.y] = 1;
+
 	if(src >= term.col) {
 		tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
 		return;
@@ -808,6 +1064,8 @@ tinsertblank(int n) {
 	int dst = src + n;
 	int size = term.col - dst;
 
+	term.dirty[term.c.y] = 1;
+
 	if(dst >= term.col) {
 		tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
 		return;
@@ -844,47 +1102,53 @@ tsetattr(int *attr, int l) {
 			term.c.attr.bg = DefaultBG;
 			break;
 		case 1:
-			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_BOLD;	 
+			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_BOLD;
+			break;
+		case 3: /* enter standout (highlight) mode TODO: make it italic */
+			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;
 			break;
-		case 4: 
+		case 4:
 			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_UNDERLINE;
 			break;
-		case 7: 
-			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;	
+		case 7:
+			term.c.attr.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;
+			break;
+		case 22:
+			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_BOLD;
 			break;
-		case 22: 
-			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_BOLD;	 
+		case 23: /* leave standout (highlight) mode TODO: make it italic */
+			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_REVERSE;
 			break;
-		case 24: 
+		case 24:
 			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_UNDERLINE;
 			break;
-		case 27: 
-			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_REVERSE;	 
+		case 27:
+			term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_REVERSE;
 			break;
 		case 38:
-			if (i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
+			if(i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
 				i += 2;
-				if (BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
+				if(BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
 					term.c.attr.fg = attr[i];
 				else
 					fprintf(stderr, "erresc: bad fgcolor %d\n", attr[i]);
 			}
 			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]); 
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc(38): gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]);
 			break;
 		case 39:
 			term.c.attr.fg = DefaultFG;
 			break;
 		case 48:
-			if (i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
+			if(i + 2 < l && attr[i + 1] == 5) {
 				i += 2;
-				if (BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
+				if(BETWEEN(attr[i], 0, 255))
 					term.c.attr.bg = attr[i];
 				else
 					fprintf(stderr, "erresc: bad bgcolor %d\n", attr[i]);
 			}
 			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]); 
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc(48): gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]);
 			break;
 		case 49:
 			term.c.attr.bg = DefaultBG;
@@ -898,9 +1162,8 @@ tsetattr(int *attr, int l) {
 				term.c.attr.fg = attr[i] - 90 + 8;
 			else if(BETWEEN(attr[i], 100, 107))
 				term.c.attr.fg = attr[i] - 100 + 8;
-			else 
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]), csidump();
-			
+			else
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc(default): gfx attr %d unknown\n", attr[i]), csidump();
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -918,62 +1181,152 @@ tsetscroll(int t, int b) {
 		b = temp;
 	}
 	term.top = t;
-	term.bot = b;	 
+	term.bot = b;
+}
+
+#define MODBIT(x, set, bit) ((set) ? ((x) |= (bit)) : ((x) &= ~(bit)))
+
+void
+tsetmode(bool priv, bool set, int *args, int narg) {
+	int *lim, mode;
+
+	for (lim = args + narg; args < lim; ++args) {
+		if(priv) {
+			switch(*args) {
+			case 1:
+				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_APPKEYPAD);
+				break;
+			case 5: /* DECSCNM -- Reverve video */
+				mode = term.mode;
+				MODBIT(term.mode,set, MODE_REVERSE);
+				if (mode != term.mode)
+					draw();
+				break;
+			case 7:
+				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_WRAP);
+				break;
+			case 20:
+				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_CRLF);
+				break;
+			case 12: /* att610 -- Start blinking cursor (IGNORED) */
+				break;
+			case 25:
+				MODBIT(term.c.state, !set, CURSOR_HIDE);
+				break;
+			case 1000: /* 1000,1002: enable xterm mouse report */
+				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEBTN);
+				break;
+			case 1002:
+				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEMOTION);
+				break;
+			case 1049: /* = 1047 and 1048 */
+			case 47:
+			case 1047:
+				if(IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN))
+					tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
+				if ((set && !IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN)) ||
+				    (!set && IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN))) {
+					    tswapscreen();
+				}
+				if (*args != 1049)
+					break;
+				/* pass through */
+			case 1048:
+				tcursor((set) ? CURSOR_SAVE : CURSOR_LOAD);
+				break;
+			default:
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"erresc: unknown private set/reset mode %d\n",
+					*args);
+				break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			switch(*args) {
+			case 4:
+				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_INSERT);
+				break;
+			default:
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"erresc: unknown set/reset mode %d\n",
+					*args);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
 }
+#undef MODBIT
+
 
 void
 csihandle(void) {
-	switch(escseq.mode) {
+	switch(csiescseq.mode) {
 	default:
 	unknown:
-		printf("erresc: unknown csi ");
+		fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown csi ");
 		csidump();
 		/* die(""); */
 		break;
 	case '@': /* ICH -- Insert <n> blank char */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tinsertblank(escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tinsertblank(csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'A': /* CUU -- Cursor <n> Up */
 	case 'e':
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y-escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y-csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'B': /* CUD -- Cursor <n> Down */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y+escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y+csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'C': /* CUF -- Cursor <n> Forward */
 	case 'a':
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(term.c.x+escseq.arg[0], term.c.y);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(term.c.x+csiescseq.arg[0], term.c.y);
 		break;
 	case 'D': /* CUB -- Cursor <n> Backward */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(term.c.x-escseq.arg[0], term.c.y);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(term.c.x-csiescseq.arg[0], term.c.y);
 		break;
 	case 'E': /* CNL -- Cursor <n> Down and first col */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(0, term.c.y+escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(0, term.c.y+csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'F': /* CPL -- Cursor <n> Up and first col */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(0, term.c.y-escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(0, term.c.y-csiescseq.arg[0]);
+		break;
+	case 'g': /* TBC -- Tabulation clear */
+		switch (csiescseq.arg[0]) {
+		case 0: /* clear current tab stop */
+			term.tabs[term.c.x] = 0;
+			break;
+		case 3: /* clear all the tabs */
+			memset(term.tabs, 0, term.col * sizeof(*term.tabs));
+			break;
+		default:
+			goto unknown;
+		}
 		break;
 	case 'G': /* CHA -- Move to <col> */
 	case '`': /* XXX: HPA -- same? */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(escseq.arg[0]-1, term.c.y);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(csiescseq.arg[0]-1, term.c.y);
 		break;
 	case 'H': /* CUP -- Move to <row> <col> */
 	case 'f': /* XXX: HVP -- same? */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[1], 1);
-		tmoveto(escseq.arg[1]-1, escseq.arg[0]-1);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[1], 1);
+		tmoveto(csiescseq.arg[1]-1, csiescseq.arg[0]-1);
+		break;
+	case 'I': /* CHT -- Cursor Forward Tabulation <n> tab stops */
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		while (csiescseq.arg[0]--)
+			tputtab(1);
 		break;
-	/* XXX: (CSI n I) CHT -- Cursor Forward Tabulation <n> tab stops */
 	case 'J': /* ED -- Clear screen */
-		switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
+		sel.bx = -1;
+		switch(csiescseq.arg[0]) {
 		case 0: /* below */
 			tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
 			if(term.c.y < term.row-1)
@@ -992,7 +1345,7 @@ csihandle(void) {
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'K': /* EL -- Clear line */
-		switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
+		switch(csiescseq.arg[0]) {
 		case 0: /* right */
 			tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
 			break;
@@ -1005,131 +1358,54 @@ csihandle(void) {
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'S': /* SU -- Scroll <n> line up */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tscrollup(term.top, escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tscrollup(term.top, csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'T': /* SD -- Scroll <n> line down */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tscrolldown(term.top, escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tscrolldown(term.top, csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'L': /* IL -- Insert <n> blank lines */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tinsertblankline(escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tinsertblankline(csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'l': /* RM -- Reset Mode */
-		if(escseq.priv) {
-			switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
-			case 1:
-				term.mode &= ~MODE_APPKEYPAD;
-				break;
-			case 5: /* TODO: DECSCNM -- Remove reverse video */
-				break;
-			case 7:
-				term.mode &= ~MODE_WRAP;
-				break;
-			case 12: /* att610 -- Stop blinking cursor (IGNORED) */
-				break;
-			case 20:
-				term.mode &= ~MODE_CRLF;
-				break;
-			case 25:
-				term.c.state |= CURSOR_HIDE;
-				break;
-			case 1049: /* = 1047 and 1048 */
-			case 1047:
-				if(IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN)) {
-					tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
-					tswapscreen();
-				}
-				if(escseq.arg[0] == 1047)
-					break;
-			case 1048:
-				tcursor(CURSOR_LOAD);
-				break;
-			default:
-				goto unknown;
-			}
-		} else {
-			switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
-			case 4:
-				term.mode &= ~MODE_INSERT;
-				break;
-			default:
-				goto unknown;
-			}
-		}
+		tsetmode(csiescseq.priv, 0, csiescseq.arg, csiescseq.narg);
 		break;
 	case 'M': /* DL -- Delete <n> lines */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tdeleteline(escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tdeleteline(csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'X': /* ECH -- Erase <n> char */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.c.x + escseq.arg[0], term.c.y);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.c.x + csiescseq.arg[0], term.c.y);
 		break;
 	case 'P': /* DCH -- Delete <n> char */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tdeletechar(escseq.arg[0]);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tdeletechar(csiescseq.arg[0]);
+		break;
+	case 'Z': /* CBT -- Cursor Backward Tabulation <n> tab stops */
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		while (csiescseq.arg[0]--)
+			tputtab(0);
 		break;
-	/* XXX: (CSI n Z) CBT -- Cursor Backward Tabulation <n> tab stops */
 	case 'd': /* VPA -- Move to <row> */
-		DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tmoveto(term.c.x, escseq.arg[0]-1);
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		tmoveto(term.c.x, csiescseq.arg[0]-1);
 		break;
 	case 'h': /* SM -- Set terminal mode */
-		if(escseq.priv) {
-			switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
-			case 1:
-				term.mode |= MODE_APPKEYPAD;
-				break;
-			case 5: /* DECSCNM -- Reverve video */
-				/* TODO: set REVERSE on the whole screen (f) */
-				break;
-			case 7:
-				term.mode |= MODE_WRAP;
-				break;
-			case 20:
-				term.mode |= MODE_CRLF;
-				break;
-			case 12: /* att610 -- Start blinking cursor (IGNORED) */
-				 /* fallthrough for xterm cvvis = CSI [ ? 12 ; 25 h */
-				if(escseq.narg > 1 && escseq.arg[1] != 25)
-					break;
-			case 25:
-				term.c.state &= ~CURSOR_HIDE;
-				break;
-			case 1049: /* = 1047 and 1048 */
-			case 1047:
-				if(IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN))
-					tclearregion(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
-				else
-					tswapscreen();
-				if(escseq.arg[0] == 1047)
-					break;
-			case 1048:
-				tcursor(CURSOR_SAVE);
-				break;
-			default: goto unknown;
-			}
-		} else {
-			switch(escseq.arg[0]) {
-			case 4:
-				term.mode |= MODE_INSERT;
-				break;
-			default: goto unknown;
-			}
-		};
+		tsetmode(csiescseq.priv, 1, csiescseq.arg, csiescseq.narg);
 		break;
 	case 'm': /* SGR -- Terminal attribute (color) */
-		tsetattr(escseq.arg, escseq.narg);
+		tsetattr(csiescseq.arg, csiescseq.narg);
 		break;
 	case 'r': /* DECSTBM -- Set Scrolling Region */
-		if(escseq.priv)
+		if(csiescseq.priv)
 			goto unknown;
 		else {
-			DEFAULT(escseq.arg[0], 1);
-			DEFAULT(escseq.arg[1], term.row);
-			tsetscroll(escseq.arg[0]-1, escseq.arg[1]-1);
+			DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+			DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[1], term.row);
+			tsetscroll(csiescseq.arg[0]-1, csiescseq.arg[1]-1);
 			tmoveto(0, 0);
 		}
 		break;
@@ -1143,26 +1419,116 @@ csihandle(void) {
 }
 
 void
-csidump(void) { 
+csidump(void) {
 	int i;
-	printf("ESC [ %s", escseq.priv ? "? " : "");
-	if(escseq.narg)
-		for(i = 0; i < escseq.narg; i++)
-			printf("%d ", escseq.arg[i]);
-	if(escseq.mode)
-		putchar(escseq.mode);
+	printf("ESC[");
+	for(i = 0; i < csiescseq.len; i++) {
+		uint c = csiescseq.buf[i] & 0xff;
+		if(isprint(c)) putchar(c);
+		else if(c == '\n') printf("(\\n)");
+		else if(c == '\r') printf("(\\r)");
+		else if(c == 0x1b) printf("(\\e)");
+		else printf("(%02x)", c);
+	}
 	putchar('\n');
 }
 
 void
 csireset(void) {
-	memset(&escseq, 0, sizeof(escseq));
+	memset(&csiescseq, 0, sizeof(csiescseq));
+}
+
+void
+strhandle(void) {
+	char *p;
+
+	/*
+	 * TODO: make this being useful in case of color palette change.
+	 */
+	strparse();
+
+	p = strescseq.buf;
+
+	switch(strescseq.type) {
+	case ']': /* OSC -- Operating System Command */
+		switch(p[0]) {
+		case '0':
+		case '1':
+		case '2':
+			/*
+			 * TODO: Handle special chars in string, like umlauts.
+			 */
+			if(p[1] == ';') {
+				XStoreName(xw.dpy, xw.win, strescseq.buf+2);
+			}
+			break;
+		case ';':
+			XStoreName(xw.dpy, xw.win, strescseq.buf+1);
+			break;
+		case '4': /* TODO: Set color (arg0) to "rgb:%hexr/$hexg/$hexb" (arg1) */
+			break;
+		default:
+			fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown str ");
+			strdump();
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	case 'P': /* DSC -- Device Control String */
+	case '_': /* APC -- Application Program Command */
+	case '^': /* PM -- Privacy Message */
+	default:
+		fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown str ");
+		strdump();
+		/* die(""); */
+		break;
+	}
 }
 
 void
-tputtab(void) {
-	int space = TAB - term.c.x % TAB;
-	tmoveto(term.c.x + space, term.c.y);
+strparse(void) {
+	/*
+	 * TODO: Implement parsing like for CSI when required.
+	 * Format: ESC type cmd ';' arg0 [';' argn] ESC \
+	 */
+	return;
+}
+
+void
+strdump(void) {
+	int i;
+	printf("ESC%c", strescseq.type);
+	for(i = 0; i < strescseq.len; i++) {
+		uint c = strescseq.buf[i] & 0xff;
+		if(isprint(c)) putchar(c);
+		else if(c == '\n') printf("(\\n)");
+		else if(c == '\r') printf("(\\r)");
+		else if(c == 0x1b) printf("(\\e)");
+		else printf("(%02x)", c);
+	}
+	printf("ESC\\\n");
+}
+
+void
+strreset(void) {
+	memset(&strescseq, 0, sizeof(strescseq));
+}
+
+void
+tputtab(bool forward) {
+	unsigned x = term.c.x;
+
+	if (forward) {
+		if (x == term.col)
+			return;
+		for (++x; x < term.col && !term.tabs[x]; ++x)
+			/* nothing */ ;
+	} else {
+		if (x == 0)
+			return;
+		for (--x; x > 0 && !term.tabs[x]; --x)
+			/* nothing */ ;
+	}
+	tmoveto(x, term.c.y);
 }
 
 void
@@ -1170,25 +1536,31 @@ tputc(char *c) {
 	char ascii = *c;
 	if(term.esc & ESC_START) {
 		if(term.esc & ESC_CSI) {
-			escseq.buf[escseq.len++] = ascii;
-			if(BETWEEN(ascii, 0x40, 0x7E) || escseq.len >= ESC_BUF_SIZ) {
+			csiescseq.buf[csiescseq.len++] = ascii;
+			if(BETWEEN(ascii, 0x40, 0x7E) || csiescseq.len >= ESC_BUF_SIZ) {
 				term.esc = 0;
 				csiparse(), csihandle();
 			}
-			/* TODO: handle other OSC */
-		} else if(term.esc & ESC_OSC) { 
-			if(ascii == ';') {
-				term.titlelen = 0;
-				term.esc = ESC_START | ESC_TITLE;
-			}
-		} else if(term.esc & ESC_TITLE) {
-			if(ascii == '\a' || term.titlelen+1 >= ESC_TITLE_SIZ) {
+		} else if(term.esc & ESC_STR) {
+			switch(ascii) {
+			case '\033':
+				term.esc = ESC_START | ESC_STR_END;
+				break;
+			case '\a': /* backwards compatibility to xterm */
 				term.esc = 0;
-				term.title[term.titlelen] = '\0';
-				XStoreName(xw.dis, xw.win, term.title);
-			} else {
-				term.title[term.titlelen++] = ascii;
+				strhandle();
+				break;
+			default:
+				strescseq.buf[strescseq.len++] = ascii;
+				if (strescseq.len+1 >= STR_BUF_SIZ) {
+					term.esc = 0;
+					strhandle();
+				}
 			}
+		} else if(term.esc & ESC_STR_END) {
+			term.esc = 0;
+			if(ascii == '\\')
+				strhandle();
 		} else if(term.esc & ESC_ALTCHARSET) {
 			switch(ascii) {
 			case '0': /* Line drawing crap */
@@ -1198,7 +1570,7 @@ tputc(char *c) {
 				term.c.attr.mode &= ~ATTR_GFX;
 				break;
 			default:
-				printf("esc unhandled charset: ESC ( %c\n", ascii);
+				fprintf(stderr, "esc unhandled charset: ESC ( %c\n", ascii);
 			}
 			term.esc = 0;
 		} else {
@@ -1206,8 +1578,13 @@ tputc(char *c) {
 			case '[':
 				term.esc |= ESC_CSI;
 				break;
-			case ']':
-				term.esc |= ESC_OSC;
+			case 'P': /* DCS -- Device Control String */
+			case '_': /* APC -- Application Program Command */
+			case '^': /* PM -- Privacy Message */
+			case ']': /* OSC -- Operating System Command */
+				strreset();
+				strescseq.type = ascii;
+				term.esc |= ESC_STR;
 				break;
 			case '(':
 				term.esc |= ESC_ALTCHARSET;
@@ -1223,6 +1600,10 @@ tputc(char *c) {
 				tnewline(1); /* always go to first col */
 				term.esc = 0;
 				break;
+			case 'H': /* HTS -- Horizontal tab stop */
+				term.tabs[term.c.x] = 1;
+				term.esc = 0;
+				break;
 			case 'M': /* RI -- Reverse index */
 				if(term.c.y == term.top)
 					tscrolldown(term.top, 1);
@@ -1250,16 +1631,21 @@ tputc(char *c) {
 				tcursor(CURSOR_LOAD);
 				term.esc = 0;
 				break;
+			case '\\': /* ST -- Stop */
+				term.esc = 0;
+				break;
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: unknown sequence ESC 0x%02X '%c'\n",
-				    (unsigned char) ascii, isprint(ascii)?ascii:'.');
+				    (uchar) ascii, isprint(ascii)?ascii:'.');
 				term.esc = 0;
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
+		if(sel.bx != -1 && BETWEEN(term.c.y, sel.by, sel.ey))
+			sel.bx = -1;
 		switch(ascii) {
 		case '\t':
-			tputtab();
+			tputtab(1);
 			break;
 		case '\b':
 			tmoveto(term.c.x-1, term.c.y);
@@ -1289,7 +1675,6 @@ tputc(char *c) {
 				tmoveto(term.c.x+1, term.c.y);
 			else
 				term.c.state |= CURSOR_WRAPNEXT;
-			break;
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1325,9 +1710,12 @@ tresize(int col, int row) {
 	/* resize to new height */
 	term.line = realloc(term.line, row * sizeof(Line));
 	term.alt  = realloc(term.alt,  row * sizeof(Line));
+	term.dirty = realloc(term.dirty, row * sizeof(*term.dirty));
+	term.tabs = realloc(term.tabs, col * sizeof(*term.tabs));
 
 	/* resize each row to new width, zero-pad if needed */
 	for(i = 0; i < minrow; i++) {
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
 		term.line[i] = realloc(term.line[i], col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt[i]  = realloc(term.alt[i],  col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		for(x = mincol; x < col; x++) {
@@ -1338,71 +1726,60 @@ tresize(int col, int row) {
 
 	/* allocate any new rows */
 	for(/* i == minrow */; i < row; i++) {
+		term.dirty[i] = 1;
 		term.line[i] = calloc(col, sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt [i] = calloc(col, sizeof(Glyph));
 	}
-	
+	if (col > term.col) {
+		bool *bp = term.tabs + term.col;
+
+		memset(bp, 0, sizeof(*term.tabs) * (col - term.col));
+		while (--bp > term.tabs && !*bp)
+			/* nothing */ ;
+		for (bp += TAB; bp < term.tabs + col; bp += TAB)
+			*bp = 1;
+	}
 	/* update terminal size */
 	term.col = col, term.row = row;
 	/* make use of the LIMIT in tmoveto */
 	tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y);
 	/* reset scrolling region */
 	tsetscroll(0, row-1);
+
 	return (slide > 0);
 }
 
 void
 xresize(int col, int row) {
-	Pixmap newbuf;
-	int oldw, oldh;
-
-	oldw = xw.bufw;
-	oldh = xw.bufh;
-	xw.bufw = MAX(1, col * xw.cw);
-	xw.bufh = MAX(1, row * xw.ch);
-	newbuf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dis, xw.win, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, XDefaultDepth(xw.dis, xw.scr));
-	XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, newbuf, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, 0, 0);
-	XFreePixmap(xw.dis, xw.buf);
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[DefaultBG]);
-	if(xw.bufw > oldw)
-		XFillRectangle(xw.dis, newbuf, dc.gc, oldw, 0,
-				xw.bufw-oldw, MIN(xw.bufh, oldh));
-	else if(xw.bufw < oldw && (BORDER > 0 || xw.w > xw.bufw))
-		XClearArea(xw.dis, xw.win, BORDER+xw.bufw, BORDER,
-				xw.w-xw.bufh-BORDER, BORDER+MIN(xw.bufh, oldh),
-				False);
-	if(xw.bufh > oldh)
-		XFillRectangle(xw.dis, newbuf, dc.gc, 0, oldh,
-				xw.bufw, xw.bufh-oldh);
-	else if(xw.bufh < oldh && (BORDER > 0 || xw.h > xw.bufh))
-		XClearArea(xw.dis, xw.win, BORDER, BORDER+xw.bufh,
-				xw.w-2*BORDER, xw.h-xw.bufh-BORDER,
-				False);
-	xw.buf = newbuf;
+	xw.w = MAX(1, 2*BORDER + col * xw.cw);
+	xw.h = MAX(1, 2*BORDER + row * xw.ch);
 }
 
 void
 xloadcols(void) {
 	int i, r, g, b;
 	XColor color;
-	unsigned long white = WhitePixel(xw.dis, xw.scr);
+	ulong white = WhitePixel(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
 
-	for(i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-		if (!XAllocNamedColor(xw.dis, xw.cmap, colorname[i], &color, &color)) {
+	/* load colors [0-15] colors and [256-LEN(colorname)[ (config.h) */
+	for(i = 0; i < LEN(colorname); i++) {
+		if(!colorname[i])
+			continue;
+		if(!XAllocNamedColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[i], &color, &color)) {
 			dc.col[i] = white;
 			fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate color '%s'\n", colorname[i]);
 		} else
 			dc.col[i] = color.pixel;
 	}
 
-	/* same colors as xterm */
-	for(r = 0; r < 6; r++)
+	/* load colors [16-255] ; same colors as xterm */
+	for(i = 16, r = 0; r < 6; r++)
 		for(g = 0; g < 6; g++)
 			for(b = 0; b < 6; b++) {
 				color.red = r == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * r;
 				color.green = g == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * g;
 				color.blue = b == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * b;
-				if (!XAllocColor(xw.dis, xw.cmap, &color)) {
+				if(!XAllocColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, &color)) {
 					dc.col[i] = white;
 					fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate color %d\n", i);
 				} else
@@ -1412,7 +1789,7 @@ xloadcols(void) {
 
 	for(r = 0; r < 24; r++, i++) {
 		color.red = color.green = color.blue = 0x0808 + 0x0a0a * r;
-		if (!XAllocColor(xw.dis, xw.cmap, &color)) {
+		if (!XAllocColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, &color)) {
 			dc.col[i] = white;
 			fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate color %d\n", i);
 		} else
@@ -1422,15 +1799,14 @@ xloadcols(void) {
 
 void
 xclear(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[DefaultBG]);
-	XFillRectangle(xw.dis, xw.buf, dc.gc,
-	               x1 * xw.cw, y1 * xw.ch,
-	               (x2-x1+1) * xw.cw, (y2-y1+1) * xw.ch);
+	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE) ? DefaultFG : DefaultBG]);
+	XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc,
+		       BORDER + x1 * xw.cw, BORDER + y1 * xw.ch,
+		       (x2-x1+1) * xw.cw, (y2-y1+1) * xw.ch);
 }
 
 void
-xhints(void)
-{
+xhints(void) {
 	XClassHint class = {opt_class ? opt_class : TNAME, TNAME};
 	XWMHints wm = {.flags = InputHint, .input = 1};
 	XSizeHints size = {
@@ -1442,18 +1818,17 @@ xhints(void)
 		.base_height = 2*BORDER,
 		.base_width = 2*BORDER,
 	};
-	XSetWMProperties(xw.dis, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &size, &wm, &class);
+	XSetWMProperties(xw.dpy, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &size, &wm, &class);
 }
 
 XFontSet
-xinitfont(char *fontstr)
-{
+xinitfont(char *fontstr) {
 	XFontSet set;
 	char *def, **missing;
 	int n;
 
 	missing = NULL;
-	set = XCreateFontSet(xw.dis, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
+	set = XCreateFontSet(xw.dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 	if(missing) {
 		while(n--)
 			fprintf(stderr, "st: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
@@ -1463,8 +1838,7 @@ xinitfont(char *fontstr)
 }
 
 void
-xgetfontinfo(XFontSet set, int *ascent, int *descent, short *lbearing, short *rbearing)
-{
+xgetfontinfo(XFontSet set, int *ascent, int *descent, short *lbearing, short *rbearing) {
 	XFontStruct **xfonts;
 	char **font_names;
 	int i, n;
@@ -1481,8 +1855,7 @@ xgetfontinfo(XFontSet set, int *ascent, int *descent, short *lbearing, short *rb
 }
 
 void
-initfonts(char *fontstr, char *bfontstr)
-{
+initfonts(char *fontstr, char *bfontstr) {
 	if((dc.font.set = xinitfont(fontstr)) == NULL ||
 	   (dc.bfont.set = xinitfont(bfontstr)) == NULL)
 		die("Can't load font %s\n", dc.font.set ? BOLDFONT : FONT);
@@ -1495,87 +1868,118 @@ initfonts(char *fontstr, char *bfontstr)
 void
 xinit(void) {
 	XSetWindowAttributes attrs;
+	Cursor cursor;
+	Window parent;
 
-	if(!(xw.dis = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
+	if(!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
 		die("Can't open display\n");
-	xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dis);
-	
+	xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dpy);
+
 	/* font */
 	initfonts(FONT, BOLDFONT);
 
 	/* XXX: Assuming same size for bold font */
- 	xw.cw = dc.font.rbearing - dc.font.lbearing;
+	xw.cw = dc.font.rbearing - dc.font.lbearing;
 	xw.ch = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 
 	/* colors */
-	xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dis, xw.scr);
+	xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
 	xloadcols();
 
 	/* window - default size */
-	xw.bufh = 24 * xw.ch;
-	xw.bufw = 80 * xw.cw;
-	xw.h = xw.bufh + 2*BORDER;
-	xw.w = xw.bufw + 2*BORDER;
+	xw.h = 2*BORDER + term.row * xw.ch;
+	xw.w = 2*BORDER + term.col * xw.cw;
 
 	attrs.background_pixel = dc.col[DefaultBG];
 	attrs.border_pixel = dc.col[DefaultBG];
 	attrs.bit_gravity = NorthWestGravity;
 	attrs.event_mask = FocusChangeMask | KeyPressMask
 		| ExposureMask | VisibilityChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask
-		| PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
+		| ButtonMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask
+		| EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask;
 	attrs.colormap = xw.cmap;
 
-	xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dis, XRootWindow(xw.dis, xw.scr), 0, 0,
-			xw.w, xw.h, 0, XDefaultDepth(xw.dis, xw.scr), InputOutput,
-			XDefaultVisual(xw.dis, xw.scr),
+	parent = opt_embed ? strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0) : XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
+	xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dpy, parent, 0, 0,
+			xw.w, xw.h, 0, XDefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr), InputOutput,
+			XDefaultVisual(xw.dpy, xw.scr),
 			CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity | CWEventMask
 			| CWColormap,
 			&attrs);
-	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dis, xw.win, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, XDefaultDepth(xw.dis, xw.scr));
+	xw.buf = XdbeAllocateBackBufferName(xw.dpy, xw.win, XdbeCopied);
 
 
 	/* input methods */
-	xw.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dis, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-	xw.xic = XCreateIC(xw.xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing 
-					   | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow, xw.win, 
+	xw.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	xw.xic = XCreateIC(xw.xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing
+					   | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow, xw.win,
 					   XNFocusWindow, xw.win, NULL);
 	/* gc */
-	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dis, xw.win, 0, NULL);
-	
-	XMapWindow(xw.dis, xw.win);
+	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, xw.win, 0, NULL);
+
+	/* white cursor, black outline */
+	cursor = XCreateFontCursor(xw.dpy, XC_xterm);
+	XDefineCursor(xw.dpy, xw.win, cursor);
+	XRecolorCursor(xw.dpy, cursor,
+		&(XColor){.red = 0xffff, .green = 0xffff, .blue = 0xffff},
+		&(XColor){.red = 0x0000, .green = 0x0000, .blue = 0x0000});
+
+	xw.xembed = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
+
+	XStoreName(xw.dpy, xw.win, opt_title ? opt_title : "st");
+	XMapWindow(xw.dpy, xw.win);
 	xhints();
-	XStoreName(xw.dis, xw.win, opt_title ? opt_title : "st");
-	XSync(xw.dis, 0);
+	XSync(xw.dpy, 0);
 }
 
 void
 xdraws(char *s, Glyph base, int x, int y, int charlen, int bytelen) {
-	unsigned long xfg, xbg;
-	int winx = x*xw.cw, winy = y*xw.ch + dc.font.ascent, width = charlen*xw.cw;
+	int fg = base.fg, bg = base.bg, temp;
+	int winx = BORDER+x*xw.cw, winy = BORDER+y*xw.ch + dc.font.ascent, width = charlen*xw.cw;
+	XFontSet fontset = dc.font.set;
 	int i;
 
+	/* only switch default fg/bg if term is in RV mode */
+	if(IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
+		if(fg == DefaultFG)
+			fg = DefaultBG;
+		if(bg == DefaultBG)
+			bg = DefaultFG;
+	}
+
 	if(base.mode & ATTR_REVERSE)
-		xfg = dc.col[base.bg], xbg = dc.col[base.fg];
-	else
-		xfg = dc.col[base.fg], xbg = dc.col[base.bg];
+		temp = fg, fg = bg, bg = temp;
 
-	XSetBackground(xw.dis, dc.gc, xbg);
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, xfg);
+	if(base.mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
+		fg += 8;
+		fontset = dc.bfont.set;
+	}
 
-	if(base.mode & ATTR_GFX)
+	XSetBackground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[bg]);
+	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[fg]);
+
+	if(base.mode & ATTR_GFX) {
 		for(i = 0; i < bytelen; i++) {
-			char c = gfx[(unsigned int)s[i] % 256];
+			char c = gfx[(uint)s[i] % 256];
 			if(c)
 				s[i] = c;
 			else if(s[i] > 0x5f)
 				s[i] -= 0x5f;
 		}
+	}
+
+	XmbDrawImageString(xw.dpy, xw.buf, fontset, dc.gc, winx, winy, s, bytelen);
 
-	XmbDrawImageString(xw.dis, xw.buf, base.mode & ATTR_BOLD ? dc.bfont.set : dc.font.set,
-	    dc.gc, winx, winy, s, bytelen);
-	
 	if(base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE)
-		XDrawLine(xw.dis, xw.buf, dc.gc, winx, winy+1, winx+width-1, winy+1);
+		XDrawLine(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, winx, winy+1, winx+width-1, winy+1);
+}
+
+/* copy buffer pixmap to screen pixmap */
+void
+xcopy() {
+	XdbeSwapInfo swpinfo[1] = {{xw.win, XdbeCopied}};
+	XdbeSwapBuffers(xw.dpy, swpinfo, 1);
+
 }
 
 void
@@ -1584,10 +1988,10 @@ xdrawcursor(void) {
 	static int oldy = 0;
 	int sl;
 	Glyph g = {{' '}, ATTR_NULL, DefaultBG, DefaultCS, 0};
-	
+
 	LIMIT(oldx, 0, term.col-1);
 	LIMIT(oldy, 0, term.row-1);
-	
+
 	if(term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].state & GLYPH_SET)
 		memcpy(g.c, term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].c, UTF_SIZ);
 
@@ -1597,46 +2001,34 @@ xdrawcursor(void) {
 		xdraws(term.line[oldy][oldx].c, term.line[oldy][oldx], oldx, oldy, 1, sl);
 	} else
 		xclear(oldx, oldy, oldx, oldy);
-	
+
+	xcopy(oldx, oldy, 1, 1);
+
 	/* draw the new one */
-	if(!(term.c.state & CURSOR_HIDE) && (xw.state & WIN_FOCUSED)) {
+	if(!(term.c.state & CURSOR_HIDE)) {
+		if(!(xw.state & WIN_FOCUSED))
+			g.bg = DefaultUCS;
+
+		if(IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE))
+			g.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE, g.fg = DefaultCS, g.bg = DefaultFG;
+
 		sl = utf8size(g.c);
 		xdraws(g.c, g, term.c.x, term.c.y, 1, sl);
 		oldx = term.c.x, oldy = term.c.y;
 	}
-}
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-/* basic drawing routines */
-void
-xdrawc(int x, int y, Glyph g) {
-	int sl = utf8size(g.c);
-	XRectangle r = { x * xw.cw, y * xw.ch, xw.cw, xw.ch };
-	XSetBackground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[g.bg]);
-	XSetForeground(xw.dis, dc.gc, dc.col[g.fg]);
-	XmbDrawImageString(xw.dis, xw.buf, g.mode&ATTR_BOLD?dc.bfont.fs:dc.font.fs,
-	    dc.gc, r.x, r.y+dc.font.ascent, g.c, sl);
+	xcopy(term.c.x, term.c.y, 1, 1);
 }
 
 void
-draw(int dummy) {
-	int x, y;
-
-	xclear(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
-	for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++)
-		for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++)
-			if(term.line[y][x].state & GLYPH_SET)
-				xdrawc(x, y, term.line[y][x]);
-
-	xdrawcursor();
-	XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, BORDER, BORDER);
-	XFlush(xw.dis);
+draw() {
+	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
+	xcopy();
+	gettimeofday(&xw.lastdraw, NULL);
 }
 
-#else
-/* optimized drawing routine */
 void
-draw(int redraw_all) {
+drawregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
 	int ic, ib, x, y, ox, sl;
 	Glyph base, new;
 	char buf[DRAW_BUF_SIZ];
@@ -1644,16 +2036,19 @@ draw(int redraw_all) {
 	if(!(xw.state & WIN_VISIBLE))
 		return;
 
-	xclear(0, 0, term.col-1, term.row-1);
-	for(y = 0; y < term.row; y++) {
+	for(y = y1; y < y2; y++) {
+		if(!term.dirty[y])
+			continue;
+		xclear(0, y, term.col, y);
+		term.dirty[y] = 0;
 		base = term.line[y][0];
 		ic = ib = ox = 0;
-		for(x = 0; x < term.col; x++) {
+		for(x = x1; x < x2; x++) {
 			new = term.line[y][x];
-			if(sel.bx!=-1 && *(new.c) && selected(x, y))
+			if(sel.bx != -1 && *(new.c) && selected(x, y))
 				new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
 			if(ib > 0 && (!(new.state & GLYPH_SET) || ATTRCMP(base, new) ||
-					ib >= DRAW_BUF_SIZ-UTF_SIZ)) {
+						  ib >= DRAW_BUF_SIZ-UTF_SIZ)) {
 				xdraws(buf, base, ox, y, ic, ib);
 				ic = ib = 0;
 			}
@@ -1672,22 +2067,16 @@ draw(int redraw_all) {
 			xdraws(buf, base, ox, y, ic, ib);
 	}
 	xdrawcursor();
-	XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.bufw, xw.bufh, BORDER, BORDER);
 }
 
-#endif
-
 void
 expose(XEvent *ev) {
 	XExposeEvent *e = &ev->xexpose;
 	if(xw.state & WIN_REDRAW) {
-		if(!e->count) {
+		if(!e->count)
 			xw.state &= ~WIN_REDRAW;
-			draw(SCREEN_REDRAW);
-		}
-	} else
-		XCopyArea(xw.dis, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, e->x-BORDER, e->y-BORDER,
-				e->width, e->height, e->x, e->y);
+	}
+	xcopy();
 }
 
 void
@@ -1707,9 +2096,9 @@ unmap(XEvent *ev) {
 
 void
 xseturgency(int add) {
-	XWMHints *h = XGetWMHints(xw.dis, xw.win);
+	XWMHints *h = XGetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win);
 	h->flags = add ? (h->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (h->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
-	XSetWMHints(xw.dis, xw.win, h);
+	XSetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win, h);
 	XFree(h);
 }
 
@@ -1720,15 +2109,18 @@ focus(XEvent *ev) {
 		xseturgency(0);
 	} else
 		xw.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
-	draw(SCREEN_UPDATE);
+	draw();
 }
 
 char*
-kmap(KeySym k) {
+kmap(KeySym k, uint state) {
 	int i;
-	for(i = 0; i < LEN(key); i++)
-		if(key[i].k == k)
+	state &= ~Mod2Mask;
+	for(i = 0; i < LEN(key); i++) {
+		uint mask = key[i].mask;
+		if(key[i].k == k && ((state & mask) == mask || (mask == XK_NO_MOD && !state)))
 			return (char*)key[i].s;
+	}
 	return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -1746,9 +2138,9 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev) {
 	meta = e->state & Mod1Mask;
 	shift = e->state & ShiftMask;
 	len = XmbLookupString(xw.xic, e, buf, sizeof(buf), &ksym, &status);
-	
+
 	/* 1. custom keys from config.h */
-	if((customkey = kmap(ksym)))
+	if((customkey = kmap(ksym, e->state)))
 		ttywrite(customkey, strlen(customkey));
 	/* 2. hardcoded (overrides X lookup) */
 	else
@@ -1757,7 +2149,8 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev) {
 		case XK_Down:
 		case XK_Left:
 		case XK_Right:
-			sprintf(buf, "\033%c%c", IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? 'O' : '[', "DACB"[ksym - XK_Left]);
+			/* XXX: shift up/down doesn't work */
+			sprintf(buf, "\033%c%c", IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? 'O' : '[', (shift ? "dacb":"DACB")[ksym - XK_Left]);
 			ttywrite(buf, 3);
 			break;
 		case XK_Insert:
@@ -1773,23 +2166,36 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev) {
 			/* 3. X lookup  */
 		default:
 			if(len > 0) {
-				buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = '\0';
 				if(meta && len == 1)
 					ttywrite("\033", 1);
 				ttywrite(buf, len);
-			} else /* 4. nothing to send */
-				fprintf(stderr, "errkey: %d\n", (int)ksym);
+			}
 			break;
 		}
 }
 
+void
+cmessage(XEvent *e) {
+	/* See xembed specs
+	   http://standards.freedesktop.org/xembed-spec/xembed-spec-latest.html */
+	if (e->xclient.message_type == xw.xembed && e->xclient.format == 32) {
+		if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_IN) {
+			xw.state |= WIN_FOCUSED;
+			xseturgency(0);
+		} else if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT) {
+			xw.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
+		}
+		draw();
+	}
+}
+
 void
 resize(XEvent *e) {
 	int col, row;
-	
+
 	if(e->xconfigure.width == xw.w && e->xconfigure.height == xw.h)
 		return;
-	
+
 	xw.w = e->xconfigure.width;
 	xw.h = e->xconfigure.height;
 	col = (xw.w - 2*BORDER) / xw.cw;
@@ -1797,33 +2203,50 @@ resize(XEvent *e) {
 	if(col == term.col && row == term.row)
 		return;
 	if(tresize(col, row))
-		draw(SCREEN_REDRAW);
+		draw();
 	ttyresize(col, row);
 	xresize(col, row);
 }
 
+bool
+last_draw_too_old(void) {
+	struct timeval now;
+	gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+	return TIMEDIFF(now, xw.lastdraw) >= DRAW_TIMEOUT/1000;
+}
+
 void
 run(void) {
 	XEvent ev;
 	fd_set rfd;
-	int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dis);
+	int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dpy);
+	struct timeval timeout = {0};
+	bool stuff_to_print = 0;
 
 	for(;;) {
 		FD_ZERO(&rfd);
 		FD_SET(cmdfd, &rfd);
 		FD_SET(xfd, &rfd);
-		if(select(MAX(xfd, cmdfd)+1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
+		timeout.tv_sec  = 0;
+		timeout.tv_usec = SELECT_TIMEOUT;
+		if(select(MAX(xfd, cmdfd)+1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, &timeout) < 0) {
 			if(errno == EINTR)
 				continue;
 			die("select failed: %s\n", SERRNO);
 		}
 		if(FD_ISSET(cmdfd, &rfd)) {
 			ttyread();
-			draw(SCREEN_UPDATE); 
+			stuff_to_print = 1;
+		}
+
+		if(stuff_to_print && last_draw_too_old()) {
+			stuff_to_print = 0;
+			draw();
 		}
-		while(XPending(xw.dis)) {
-			XNextEvent(xw.dis, &ev);
-			if (XFilterEvent(&ev, xw.win))
+
+		while(XPending(xw.dpy)) {
+			XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
+			if(XFilterEvent(&ev, xw.win))
 				continue;
 			if(handler[ev.type])
 				(handler[ev.type])(&ev);
@@ -1834,7 +2257,7 @@ run(void) {
 int
 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	int i;
-	
+
 	for(i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		switch(argv[i][0] != '-' || argv[i][2] ? -1 : argv[i][1]) {
 		case 't':
@@ -1843,14 +2266,20 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 		case 'c':
 			if(++i < argc) opt_class = argv[i];
 			break;
-		case 'e':
-			if(++i < argc) opt_cmd = argv[i];
+		case 'w':
+			if(++i < argc) opt_embed = argv[i];
 			break;
+		case 'e':
+			/* eat every remaining arguments */
+			if(++i < argc) opt_cmd = &argv[i];
+			goto run;
 		case 'v':
 		default:
 			die(USAGE);
 		}
 	}
+
+ run:
 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
 	tnew(80, 24);
 	ttynew();