dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25  *
  26  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27  */
  28 #include <errno.h>
  29 #include <locale.h>
  30 #include <regex.h>
  31 #include <stdarg.h>
  32 #include <stdio.h>
  33 #include <stdlib.h>
  34 #include <string.h>
  35 #include <unistd.h>
  36 #include <sys/select.h>
  37 #include <sys/wait.h>
  38 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  39 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  44
  45 /* macros */
  46 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  47 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  48 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  49
  50 /* enums */
  51 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  52 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  53 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  54 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  55 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  56
  57 /* typedefs */
  58 typedef struct Client Client;
  59 struct Client {
  60         char name[256];
  61         int x, y, w, h;
  62         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  63         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  64         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  65         long flags;
  66         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  67         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  68         Bool *tags;
  69         Client *next;
  70         Client *prev;
  71         Client *snext;
  72         Window win;
  73 };
  74
  75 typedef struct {
  76         int x, y, w, h;
  77         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  78         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  79         Drawable drawable;
  80         GC gc;
  81         struct {
  82                 int ascent;
  83                 int descent;
  84                 int height;
  85                 XFontSet set;
  86                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  87         } font;
  88 } DC; /* draw context */
  89
  90 typedef struct {
  91         unsigned long mod;
  92         KeySym keysym;
  93         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  94         const char *arg;
  95 } Key;
  96
  97 typedef struct {
  98         const char *symbol;
  99         void (*arrange)(void);
 100 } Layout;
 101
 102 typedef struct {
 103         const char *prop;
 104         const char *tags;
 105         Bool isfloating;
 106 } Rule;
 107
 108 typedef struct {
 109         regex_t *propregex;
 110         regex_t *tagregex;
 111 } Regs;
 112
 113 /* forward declarations */
 114 void applyrules(Client *c);
 115 void arrange(void);
 116 void attach(Client *c);
 117 void attachstack(Client *c);
 118 void ban(Client *c);
 119 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 120 void checkotherwm(void);
 121 void cleanup(void);
 122 void compileregs(void);
 123 void configure(Client *c);
 124 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 125 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 126 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 127 void detach(Client *c);
 128 void detachstack(Client *c);
 129 void drawbar(void);
 130 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 131 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 132 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 133 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 134 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 135 void expose(XEvent *e);
 136 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 137 void focus(Client *c);
 138 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 139 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 140 Client *getclient(Window w);
 141 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 142 long getstate(Window w);
 143 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 144 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 145 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 146 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 147 Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 148 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 149 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 150 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 151 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 152 void killclient(const char *arg);
 153 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 154 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 155 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 156 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 157 void movemouse(Client *c);
 158 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 159 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 160 void quit(const char *arg);
 161 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 162 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 163 void restack(void);
 164 void run(void);
 165 void scan(void);
 166 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 167 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 168 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 169 void setup(void);
 170 void spawn(const char *arg);
 171 void tag(const char *arg);
 172 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 173 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 174 void tile(void);
 175 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 176 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 177 void togglemax(const char *arg);
 178 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 179 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 180 void unban(Client *c);
 181 void unmanage(Client *c);
 182 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 183 void updatebarpos(void);
 184 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 185 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 186 void view(const char *arg);
 187 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 188 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 189 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190 void zoom(const char *arg);
 191
 192 /* variables */
 193 char stext[256];
 194 double mwfact;
 195 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 196 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 197 unsigned int bh, bpos, ntags;
 198 unsigned int blw = 0;
 199 unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 200 unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 201 unsigned int nrules = 0;
 202 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 203 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 204         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 205         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 206         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 207         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 208         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 209         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 210         [Expose] = expose,
 211         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 212         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 213         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 214         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 215         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 216 };
 217 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 218 Bool otherwm, readin;
 219 Bool running = True;
 220 Bool *seltags;
 221 Bool selscreen = True;
 222 Client *clients = NULL;
 223 Client *sel = NULL;
 224 Client *stack = NULL;
 225 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 226 Display *dpy;
 227 DC dc = {0};
 228 Window barwin, root;
 229 Regs *regs = NULL;
 230
 231 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 232 #include "config.h"
 233
 234 /* functions*/
 235 void
 236 applyrules(Client *c) {
 237         static char buf[512];
 238         unsigned int i, j;
 239         regmatch_t tmp;
 240         Bool matched = False;
 241         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 242
 243         /* rule matching */
 244         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 245         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 246                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 247                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 248         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 249                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 250                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 251                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 252                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 253                                         matched = True;
 254                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 255                                 }
 256                         }
 257                 }
 258         if(ch.res_class)
 259                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 260         if(ch.res_name)
 261                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 262         if(!matched)
 263                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 264                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
 265 }
 266
 267 void
 268 arrange(void) {
 269         Client *c;
 270
 271         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 272                 if(isvisible(c))
 273                         unban(c);
 274                 else
 275                         ban(c);
 276         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 277         focus(NULL);
 278         restack();
 279 }
 280
 281 void
 282 attach(Client *c) {
 283         if(clients)
 284                 clients->prev = c;
 285         c->next = clients;
 286         clients = c;
 287 }
 288
 289 void
 290 attachstack(Client *c) {
 291         c->snext = stack;
 292         stack = c;
 293 }
 294
 295 void
 296 ban(Client *c) {
 297         if(c->isbanned)
 298                 return;
 299         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 300         c->isbanned = True;
 301 }
 302
 303 void
 304 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 305         unsigned int i, x;
 306         Client *c;
 307         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 308
 309         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 310                 x = 0;
 311                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 312                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 313                         if(ev->x < x) {
 314                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 315                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 316                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 317                                         else
 318                                                 view(tags[i]);
 319                                 }
 320                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 321                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 322                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 323                                         else
 324                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 325                                 }
 326                                 return;
 327                         }
 328                 }
 329                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 330                         setlayout(NULL);
 331         }
 332         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 333                 focus(c);
 334                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 335                         return;
 336                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 337                         if(!isarrange(floating) && !c->isfloating)
 338                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 339                         else
 340                                 restack();
 341                         movemouse(c);
 342                 }
 343                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 344                         if(isarrange(tile) && !c->isfixed && c->isfloating)
 345                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 346                         else
 347                                 zoom(NULL);
 348                 }
 349                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 350                         if(!isarrange(floating) && !c->isfloating)
 351                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 352                         else
 353                                 restack();
 354                         resizemouse(c);
 355                 }
 356         }
 357 }
 358
 359 void
 360 checkotherwm(void) {
 361         otherwm = False;
 362         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 363
 364         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 365         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 366         XSync(dpy, False);
 367         if(otherwm)
 368                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 369         XSync(dpy, False);
 370         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 371         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 372         XSync(dpy, False);
 373 }
 374
 375 void
 376 cleanup(void) {
 377         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 378         while(stack) {
 379                 unban(stack);
 380                 unmanage(stack);
 381         }
 382         if(dc.font.set)
 383                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 384         else
 385                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 386         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 387         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 388         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 389         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 390         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 391         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 392         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 393         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 394         XSync(dpy, False);
 395         free(seltags);
 396 }
 397
 398 void
 399 compileregs(void) {
 400         unsigned int i;
 401         regex_t *reg;
 402
 403         if(regs)
 404                 return;
 405         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 406         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 407         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 408                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 409                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 410                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 411                                 free(reg);
 412                         else
 413                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 414                 }
 415                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 416                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 417                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 418                                 free(reg);
 419                         else
 420                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 421                 }
 422         }
 423 }
 424
 425 void
 426 configure(Client *c) {
 427         XConfigureEvent ce;
 428
 429         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 430         ce.display = dpy;
 431         ce.event = c->win;
 432         ce.window = c->win;
 433         ce.x = c->x;
 434         ce.y = c->y;
 435         ce.width = c->w;
 436         ce.height = c->h;
 437         ce.border_width = c->border;
 438         ce.above = None;
 439         ce.override_redirect = False;
 440         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 441 }
 442
 443 void
 444 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 445         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 446
 447         if (ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 448                 sw = ev->width;
 449                 sh = ev->height;
 450                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 451                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 452                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 453                 updatebarpos();
 454                 arrange();
 455         }
 456 }
 457
 458 void
 459 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 460         Client *c;
 461         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 462         XWindowChanges wc;
 463
 464         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 465                 c->ismax = False;
 466                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 467                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 468                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
 469                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 470                                 c->x = ev->x;
 471                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 472                                 c->y = ev->y;
 473                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 474                                 c->w = ev->width;
 475                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 476                                 c->h = ev->height;
 477                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 478                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 479                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 480                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 481                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 482                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 483                                 configure(c);
 484                         if(isvisible(c))
 485                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 486                 }
 487                 else
 488                         configure(c);
 489         }
 490         else {
 491                 wc.x = ev->x;
 492                 wc.y = ev->y;
 493                 wc.width = ev->width;
 494                 wc.height = ev->height;
 495                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 496                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 497                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 498                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 499         }
 500         XSync(dpy, False);
 501 }
 502
 503 void
 504 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 505         Client *c;
 506         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 507
 508         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 509                 unmanage(c);
 510 }
 511
 512 void
 513 detach(Client *c) {
 514         if(c->prev)
 515                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 516         if(c->next)
 517                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 518         if(c == clients)
 519                 clients = c->next;
 520         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 521 }
 522
 523 void
 524 detachstack(Client *c) {
 525         Client **tc;
 526
 527         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 528         *tc = c->snext;
 529 }
 530
 531 void
 532 drawbar(void) {
 533         int i, x;
 534
 535         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 536         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 537                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 538                 if(seltags[i]) {
 539                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 540                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 541                 }
 542                 else {
 543                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 544                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 545                 }
 546                 dc.x += dc.w;
 547         }
 548         dc.w = blw;
 549         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 550         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 551         dc.w = textw(stext);
 552         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 553         if(dc.x < x) {
 554                 dc.x = x;
 555                 dc.w = sw - x;
 556         }
 557         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 558         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 559                 dc.x = x;
 560                 if(sel) {
 561                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 562                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 563                 }
 564                 else
 565                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 566         }
 567         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 568         XSync(dpy, False);
 569 }
 570
 571 void
 572 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 573         int x;
 574         XGCValues gcv;
 575         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 576
 577         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 578         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 579         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 580         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 581         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 582         if(filled) {
 583                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 584                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 585         }
 586         else if(empty) {
 587                 r.width = r.height = x;
 588                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 589         }
 590 }
 591
 592 void
 593 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 594         int x, y, w, h;
 595         static char buf[256];
 596         unsigned int len, olen;
 597         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 598
 599         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 600         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 601         if(!text)
 602                 return;
 603         w = 0;
 604         olen = len = strlen(text);
 605         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 606                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 607         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 608         buf[len] = 0;
 609         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 610         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 611         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 612         /* shorten text if necessary */
 613         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 614                 buf[--len] = 0;
 615         if(len < olen) {
 616                 if(len > 1)
 617                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 618                 if(len > 2)
 619                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 620                 if(len > 3)
 621                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 622         }
 623         if(w > dc.w)
 624                 return; /* too long */
 625         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 626         if(dc.font.set)
 627                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 628         else
 629                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 630 }
 631
 632 void *
 633 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 634         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 635
 636         if(!res)
 637                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 638         return res;
 639 }
 640
 641 void
 642 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 643         Client *c;
 644         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 645
 646         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 647                 return;
 648         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 649                 focus(c);
 650         else if(ev->window == root) {
 651                 selscreen = True;
 652                 focus(NULL);
 653         }
 654 }
 655
 656 void
 657 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 658         va_list ap;
 659
 660         va_start(ap, errstr);
 661         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 662         va_end(ap);
 663         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 664 }
 665
 666 void
 667 expose(XEvent *e) {
 668         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 669
 670         if(ev->count == 0) {
 671                 if(barwin == ev->window)
 672                         drawbar();
 673         }
 674 }
 675
 676 void
 677 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 678         Client *c;
 679
 680         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 681                 if(isvisible(c))
 682                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 683 }
 684
 685 void
 686 focus(Client *c) {
 687         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 688                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 689         if(sel && sel != c) {
 690                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 691                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 692         }
 693         if(c) {
 694                 detachstack(c);
 695                 attachstack(c);
 696                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 697         }
 698         sel = c;
 699         drawbar();
 700         if(!selscreen)
 701                 return;
 702         if(c) {
 703                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 704                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 705         }
 706         else
 707                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 708 }
 709
 710 void
 711 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 712         Client *c;
 713
 714         if(!sel)
 715                 return;
 716         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 717         if(!c)
 718                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 719         if(c) {
 720                 focus(c);
 721                 restack();
 722         }
 723 }
 724
 725 void
 726 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 727         Client *c;
 728
 729         if(!sel)
 730                 return;
 731         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 732         if(!c) {
 733                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 734                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 735         }
 736         if(c) {
 737                 focus(c);
 738                 restack();
 739         }
 740 }
 741
 742 Client *
 743 getclient(Window w) {
 744         Client *c;
 745
 746         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 747         return c;
 748 }
 749
 750 unsigned long
 751 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 752         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 753         XColor color;
 754
 755         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 756                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 757         return color.pixel;
 758 }
 759
 760 long
 761 getstate(Window w) {
 762         int format, status;
 763         long result = -1;
 764         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 765         unsigned long n, extra;
 766         Atom real;
 767
 768         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 769                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 770         if(status != Success)
 771                 return -1;
 772         if(n != 0)
 773                 result = *p;
 774         XFree(p);
 775         return result;
 776 }
 777
 778 Bool
 779 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 780         char **list = NULL;
 781         int n;
 782         XTextProperty name;
 783
 784         if(!text || size == 0)
 785                 return False;
 786         text[0] = '\0';
 787         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 788         if(!name.nitems)
 789                 return False;
 790         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 791                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 792         else {
 793                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 794                 && n > 0 && *list)
 795                 {
 796                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 797                         XFreeStringList(list);
 798                 }
 799         }
 800         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 801         XFree(name.value);
 802         return True;
 803 }
 804
 805 void
 806 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 807         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 808
 809         if(focused) {
 810                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 813                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 814                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 817                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818
 819                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 820                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 821                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 822                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 823                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 826                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 827
 828                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 829                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 830                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 831                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 832                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 833                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 834                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 835                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 836         }
 837         else
 838                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 839                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 840 }
 841
 842 unsigned int
 843 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 844         unsigned int i;
 845
 846         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 847                 if(tags[i] == tag)
 848                         return i;
 849         return 0;
 850 }
 851
 852 void
 853 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 854         char *def, **missing;
 855         int i, n;
 856
 857         missing = NULL;
 858         if(dc.font.set)
 859                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 860         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 861         if(missing) {
 862                 while(n--)
 863                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 864                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 865         }
 866         if(dc.font.set) {
 867                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 868                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 869                 char **font_names;
 870                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 871                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 872                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 873                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 874                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 875                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 876                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 877                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 878                         xfonts++;
 879                 }
 880         }
 881         else {
 882                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 883                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 884                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 885                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 886                 || !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 887                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 888                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 889                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 890         }
 891         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 892 }
 893
 894 Bool
 895 isarrange(void (*func)())
 896 {
 897         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 898 }
 899
 900 Bool
 901 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 902         Client *c;
 903
 904         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 905                 if(c->tags[t])
 906                         return True;
 907         return False;
 908 }
 909
 910 Bool
 911 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 912         int i, n;
 913         Atom *protocols;
 914         Bool ret = False;
 915
 916         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 917                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 918                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 919                                 ret = True;
 920                 XFree(protocols);
 921         }
 922         return ret;
 923 }
 924
 925 Bool
 926 isvisible(Client *c) {
 927         unsigned int i;
 928
 929         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 930                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 931                         return True;
 932         return False;
 933 }
 934
 935 void
 936 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 937         KEYS
 938         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 939         unsigned int i;
 940         KeyCode code;
 941         KeySym keysym;
 942         XKeyEvent *ev;
 943
 944         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 945                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 946                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 947                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 948                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 949                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 950                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 951                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 952                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 953                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 954                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 955                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 956                 }
 957                 return;
 958         }
 959         ev = &e->xkey;
 960         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 961         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 962                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 963                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 964                 {
 965                         if(keys[i].func)
 966                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 967                 }
 968 }
 969
 970 void
 971 killclient(const char *arg) {
 972         XEvent ev;
 973
 974         if(!sel)
 975                 return;
 976         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 977                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 978                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 979                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 980                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 981                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 982                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 983                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 984         }
 985         else
 986                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 987 }
 988
 989 void
 990 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 991         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 992
 993         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 994                 selscreen = False;
 995                 focus(NULL);
 996         }
 997 }
 998
 999 void
1000 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1001         unsigned int i;
1002         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1003         Window trans;
1004         Status rettrans;
1005         XWindowChanges wc;
1006
1007         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1008         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
1009         c->win = w;
1010         c->x = wa->x;
1011         c->y = wa->y;
1012         c->w = wa->width;
1013         c->h = wa->height;
1014         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1015         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1016                 c->x = sx;
1017                 c->y = sy;
1018                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1019         }
1020         else {
1021                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1022                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1023                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1024                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1025                 if(c->x < wax)
1026                         c->x = wax;
1027                 if(c->y < way)
1028                         c->y = way;
1029                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1030         }
1031         wc.border_width = c->border;
1032         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1033         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1034         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1035         updatesizehints(c);
1036         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1037                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1038         grabbuttons(c, False);
1039         updatetitle(c);
1040         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1041                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1042         if(t)
1043                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1044                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
1045         applyrules(c);
1046         if(!c->isfloating)
1047                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1048         attach(c);
1049         attachstack(c);
1050         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1051         ban(c);
1052         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1053         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1054         arrange();
1055 }
1056
1057 void
1058 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1059         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1060
1061         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1062         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1063                 keypress(NULL);
1064 }
1065
1066 void
1067 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1068         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1069         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1070
1071         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1072                 return;
1073         if(wa.override_redirect)
1074                 return;
1075         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1076                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1077 }
1078
1079 void
1080 movemouse(Client *c) {
1081         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1082         unsigned int dui;
1083         Window dummy;
1084         XEvent ev;
1085
1086         ocx = nx = c->x;
1087         ocy = ny = c->y;
1088         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1089                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1090                 return;
1091         c->ismax = False;
1092         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1093         for(;;) {
1094                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1095                 switch (ev.type) {
1096                 case ButtonRelease:
1097                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1098                         return;
1099                 case ConfigureRequest:
1100                 case Expose:
1101                 case MapRequest:
1102                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1103                         break;
1104                 case MotionNotify:
1105                         XSync(dpy, False);
1106                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1107                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1108                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1109                                 nx = wax;
1110                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1111                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1112                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1113                                 ny = way;
1114                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1115                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1116                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1117                         break;
1118                 }
1119         }
1120 }
1121
1122 Client *
1123 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1124         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1125         return c;
1126 }
1127
1128 void
1129 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1130         Client *c;
1131         Window trans;
1132         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1133
1134         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1135                 return; /* ignore */
1136         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1137                 switch (ev->atom) {
1138                         default: break;
1139                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1140                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1141                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1142                                         arrange();
1143                                 break;
1144                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1145                                 updatesizehints(c);
1146                                 break;
1147                 }
1148                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1149                         updatetitle(c);
1150                         if(c == sel)
1151                                 drawbar();
1152                 }
1153         }
1154 }
1155
1156 void
1157 quit(const char *arg) {
1158         readin = running = False;
1159 }
1160
1161 void
1162 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1163         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1164         XWindowChanges wc;
1165
1166         if(sizehints) {
1167                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1168                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1169                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1170                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1171                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1172                         ratio = dx / dy;
1173                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1174                                 if(ratio < min) {
1175                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1176                                         dx = dy * min;
1177                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1178                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1179                                 }
1180                                 else if(ratio > max) {
1181                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1182                                         dx = dy * min;
1183                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1184                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1185                                 }
1186                         }
1187                 }
1188                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1189                         w = c->minw;
1190                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1191                         h = c->minh;
1192                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1193                         w = c->maxw;
1194                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1195                         h = c->maxh;
1196                 if(c->incw)
1197                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1198                 if(c->inch)
1199                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1200         }
1201         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1202                 return;
1203         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1204         if(x > sw)
1205                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1206         if(y > sh)
1207                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1208         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1209                 x = sx;
1210         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1211                 y = sy;
1212         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1213                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1214                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1215                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1216                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1217                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1218                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1219                 configure(c);
1220                 XSync(dpy, False);
1221         }
1222 }
1223
1224 void
1225 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1226         int ocx, ocy;
1227         int nw, nh;
1228         XEvent ev;
1229
1230         ocx = c->x;
1231         ocy = c->y;
1232         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1233                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1234                 return;
1235         c->ismax = False;
1236         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1237         for(;;) {
1238                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1239                 switch(ev.type) {
1240                 case ButtonRelease:
1241                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1242                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1243                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1244                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1245                         return;
1246                 case ConfigureRequest:
1247                 case Expose:
1248                 case MapRequest:
1249                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1250                         break;
1251                 case MotionNotify:
1252                         XSync(dpy, False);
1253                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1254                                 nw = 1;
1255                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1256                                 nh = 1;
1257                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1258                         break;
1259                 }
1260         }
1261 }
1262
1263 void
1264 restack(void) {
1265         Client *c;
1266         XEvent ev;
1267         XWindowChanges wc;
1268
1269         drawbar();
1270         if(!sel)
1271                 return;
1272         if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1273                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1274         if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1275                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1276                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1277                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1278                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1279                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1280                 }
1281                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1282                         if(c == sel)
1283                                 continue;
1284                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1285                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1286                 }
1287         }
1288         XSync(dpy, False);
1289         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1290 }
1291
1292 void
1293 run(void) {
1294         char *p;
1295         int r, xfd;
1296         fd_set rd;
1297         XEvent ev;
1298
1299         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1300         XSync(dpy, False);
1301         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1302         readin = True;
1303         while(running) {
1304                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1305                 if(readin)
1306                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1307                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1308                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1309                         if(errno == EINTR)
1310                                 continue;
1311                         eprint("select failed\n");
1312                 }
1313                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1314                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1315                         case -1:
1316                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1317                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1318                                 readin = False;
1319                                 break;
1320                         case 0:
1321                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1322                                 readin = False;
1323                                 break;
1324                         default:
1325                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1326                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1327                                 if(p > stext)
1328                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1329                         }
1330                         drawbar();
1331                 }
1332                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1333                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1334                         if(handler[ev.type])
1335                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1336                 }
1337         }
1338 }
1339
1340 void
1341 scan(void) {
1342         unsigned int i, num;
1343         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1344         XWindowAttributes wa;
1345
1346         wins = NULL;
1347         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1348                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1349                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1350                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1351                                 continue;
1352                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1353                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1354                 }
1355                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1356                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1357                                 continue;
1358                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1359                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1360                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1361                 }
1362         }
1363         if(wins)
1364                 XFree(wins);
1365 }
1366
1367 void
1368 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1369         long data[] = {state, None};
1370
1371         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1372                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1373 }
1374
1375 void
1376 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1377         unsigned int i;
1378
1379         if(!arg) {
1380                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1381                         ltidx = 0;;
1382         }
1383         else {
1384                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1385                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1386                                 break;
1387                 if(i == nlayouts)
1388                         return;
1389                 ltidx = i;
1390         }
1391         if(sel)
1392                 arrange();
1393         else
1394                 drawbar();
1395 }
1396
1397 void
1398 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1399         double delta;
1400
1401         if(!isarrange(tile))
1402                 return;
1403         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1404         if(arg == NULL)
1405                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1406         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1407                 if(arg[0] != '+' && arg[0] != '-')
1408                         mwfact = delta;
1409                 else
1410                         mwfact += delta;
1411                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1412                         mwfact = 0.1;
1413                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1414                         mwfact = 0.9;
1415         }
1416         arrange();
1417 }
1418
1419 void
1420 setup(void) {
1421         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1422         Window w;
1423         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1424         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1425
1426         /* init atoms */
1427         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1428         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1429         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1430         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1431         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1432         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1433         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1434                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1435
1436         /* init cursors */
1437         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1438         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1439         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1440
1441         /* init geometry */
1442         sx = sy = 0;
1443         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1444         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1445
1446         /* init modifier map */
1447         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1448         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1449                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1450                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1451                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1452                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1453                 }
1454         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1455
1456         /* select for events */
1457         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1458                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1459         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1460         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1461         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1462
1463         /* grab keys */
1464         keypress(NULL);
1465
1466         /* init tags */
1467         compileregs();
1468         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1469         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1470         seltags[0] = True;
1471
1472         /* init appearance */
1473         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1474         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1475         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1476         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1477         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1478         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1479         initfont(FONT);
1480         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1481
1482         /* init layouts */
1483         mwfact = MWFACT;
1484         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1485         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1486                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1487                 if(j > blw)
1488                         blw = j;
1489         }
1490
1491         /* init bar */
1492         bpos = BARPOS;
1493         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1494         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1495         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1496         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1497                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1498                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1499         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1500         updatebarpos();
1501         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1502         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1503         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1504         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1505         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1506         if(!dc.font.set)
1507                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1508
1509         /* multihead support */
1510         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &i, &i, &i, &i, &mask);
1511 }
1512
1513 void
1514 spawn(const char *arg) {
1515         static char *shell = NULL;
1516
1517         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1518                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1519         if(!arg)
1520                 return;
1521         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1522          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1523         if(fork() == 0) {
1524                 if(fork() == 0) {
1525                         if(dpy)
1526                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1527                         setsid();
1528                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1529                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1530                         perror(" failed");
1531                 }
1532                 exit(0);
1533         }
1534         wait(0);
1535 }
1536
1537 void
1538 tag(const char *arg) {
1539         unsigned int i;
1540
1541         if(!sel)
1542                 return;
1543         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1544                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1545         i = idxoftag(arg);
1546         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1547                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1548         arrange();
1549 }
1550
1551 unsigned int
1552 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1553         XRectangle r;
1554
1555         if(dc.font.set) {
1556                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1557                 return r.width;
1558         }
1559         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1560 }
1561
1562 unsigned int
1563 textw(const char *text) {
1564         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1565 }
1566
1567 void
1568 tile(void) {
1569         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1570         Client *c;
1571
1572         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1573                 n++;
1574
1575         /* window geoms */
1576         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1577         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1578         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1579                 th = wah;
1580
1581         nx = wax;
1582         ny = way;
1583         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1584                 c->ismax = False;
1585                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1586                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1587                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1588                 }
1589                 else {  /* tile window */
1590                         if(i == 1) {
1591                                 ny = way;
1592                                 nx += mw;
1593                         }
1594                         nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1595                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1596                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1597                         else
1598                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1599                 }
1600                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1601                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1602                         ny += nh + 2 * c->border;
1603         }
1604 }
1605
1606 void
1607 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1608         if(bpos == BarOff)
1609                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1610         else
1611                 bpos = BarOff;
1612         updatebarpos();
1613         arrange();
1614 }
1615
1616 void
1617 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1618         if(!sel)
1619                 return;
1620         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1621         if(sel->isfloating)
1622                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1623         arrange();
1624 }
1625
1626 void
1627 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1628         XEvent ev;
1629
1630         if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1631                 return;
1632         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1633                 if(isarrange(floating) || sel->isfloating)
1634                         sel->wasfloating = True;
1635                 else {
1636                         togglefloating(NULL);
1637                         sel->wasfloating = False;
1638                 }
1639                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1640                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1641                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1642                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1643                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1644         }
1645         else {
1646                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1647                 if (!sel->wasfloating)
1648                         togglefloating(NULL);
1649         }
1650         drawbar();
1651         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1652 }
1653
1654 void
1655 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1656         unsigned int i, j;
1657
1658         if(!sel)
1659                 return;
1660         i = idxoftag(arg);
1661         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1662         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1663         if(j == ntags)
1664                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1665         arrange();
1666 }
1667
1668 void
1669 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1670         unsigned int i, j;
1671
1672         i = idxoftag(arg);
1673         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1674         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1675         if(j == ntags)
1676                 seltags[i] = True; /* cannot toggle last view */
1677         arrange();
1678 }
1679
1680 void
1681 unban(Client *c) {
1682         if(!c->isbanned)
1683                 return;
1684         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1685         c->isbanned = False;
1686 }
1687
1688 void
1689 unmanage(Client *c) {
1690         XWindowChanges wc;
1691
1692         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1693         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1694         XGrabServer(dpy);
1695         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1696         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1697         detach(c);
1698         detachstack(c);
1699         if(sel == c)
1700                 focus(NULL);
1701         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1702         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1703         free(c->tags);
1704         free(c);
1705         XSync(dpy, False);
1706         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1707         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1708         arrange();
1709 }
1710
1711 void
1712 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1713         Client *c;
1714         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1715
1716         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1717                 unmanage(c);
1718 }
1719
1720 void
1721 updatebarpos(void) {
1722         XEvent ev;
1723
1724         wax = sx;
1725         way = sy;
1726         wah = sh;
1727         waw = sw;
1728         switch(bpos) {
1729         default:
1730                 wah -= bh;
1731                 way += bh;
1732                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1733                 break;
1734         case BarBot:
1735                 wah -= bh;
1736                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1737                 break;
1738         case BarOff:
1739                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1740                 break;
1741         }
1742         XSync(dpy, False);
1743         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1744 }
1745
1746 void
1747 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1748         long msize;
1749         XSizeHints size;
1750
1751         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1752                 size.flags = PSize;
1753         c->flags = size.flags;
1754         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1755                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1756                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1757         }
1758         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1759                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1760                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1761         }
1762         else
1763                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1764         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1765                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1766                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1767         }
1768         else
1769                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1770         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1771                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1772                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1773         }
1774         else
1775                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1776         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1777                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1778                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1779         }
1780         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1781                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1782                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1783         }
1784         else
1785                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1786         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1787                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1788                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1789                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1790                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1791         }
1792         else
1793                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1794         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1795                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1796 }
1797
1798 void
1799 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1800         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1801                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1802 }
1803
1804 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1805  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1806  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1807 int
1808 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1809         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1810         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1811         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1812         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1813         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1814         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1815         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1816         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1817                 return 0;
1818         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1819                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1820         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1821 }
1822
1823 int
1824 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1825         return 0;
1826 }
1827
1828 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1829  * is already running. */
1830 int
1831 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1832         otherwm = True;
1833         return -1;
1834 }
1835
1836 void
1837 view(const char *arg) {
1838         unsigned int i;
1839
1840         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1841                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1842         i = idxoftag(arg);
1843         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1844                 seltags[i] = True;
1845         arrange();
1846 }
1847
1848 void
1849 zoom(const char *arg) {
1850         Client *c;
1851
1852         if(!sel || !isarrange(tile) || sel->isfloating)
1853                 return;
1854         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1855                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1856                         return;
1857         detach(c);
1858         attach(c);
1859         focus(c);
1860         arrange();
1861 }
1862
1863 int
1864 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1865         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1866                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1867         else if(argc != 1)
1868                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1869
1870         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1871         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1872                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1873         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1874         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1875
1876         checkotherwm();
1877         setup();
1878         drawbar();
1879         scan();
1880         run();
1881         cleanup();
1882
1883         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1884         return 0;
1885 }