dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11  * in O(1) time.
  12  *
  13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  15  * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  16  * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17  * client.
  18  *
  19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20  *
  21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22  */
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <locale.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <stdio.h>
  27 #include <stdlib.h>
  28 #include <string.h>
  29 #include <unistd.h>
  30 #include <sys/signal.h>
  31 #include <sys/types.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39 #ifdef XINERAMA
  40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41 #endif
  42
  43 /* macros */
  44 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47 #define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  48 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  49 #define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  50 #define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  51 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  52 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  53 #define WIDTH(x)                ((x)->w + 2 * (x)->bw)
  54 #define HEIGHT(x)               ((x)->h + 2 * (x)->bw)
  55 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  56 #define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  57
  58 /* enums */
  59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  63 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66 typedef union {
  67         int i;
  68         unsigned int ui;
  69         float f;
  70         void *v;
  71 } Arg;
  72
  73 typedef struct {
  74         unsigned int click;
  75         unsigned int mask;
  76         unsigned int button;
  77         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78         const Arg arg;
  79 } Button;
  80
  81 typedef struct Client Client;
  82 struct Client {
  83         char name[256];
  84         float mina, maxa;
  85         int x, y, w, h;
  86         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87         int bw, oldbw;
  88         unsigned int tags;
  89         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90         Client *next;
  91         Client *snext;
  92         Window win;
  93 };
  94
  95 typedef struct {
  96         int x, y, w, h;
  97         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  98         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  99         Drawable drawable;
 100         GC gc;
 101         struct {
 102                 int ascent;
 103                 int descent;
 104                 int height;
 105                 XFontSet set;
 106                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 107         } font;
 108 } DC; /* draw context */
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         unsigned int mod;
 112         KeySym keysym;
 113         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 114         const Arg arg;
 115 } Key;
 116
 117 typedef struct {
 118         const char *symbol;
 119         void (*arrange)(void);
 120 } Layout;
 121
 122 typedef struct {
 123         const char *class;
 124         const char *instance;
 125         const char *title;
 126         unsigned int tags;
 127         Bool isfloating;
 128 } Rule;
 129
 130 /* function declarations */
 131 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 132 static void arrange(void);
 133 static void attach(Client *c);
 134 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 135 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 136 static void checkotherwm(void);
 137 static void cleanup(void);
 138 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 139 static void configure(Client *c);
 140 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 141 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 142 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 143 static void detach(Client *c);
 144 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 145 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 146 static void drawbar(void);
 147 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 148 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 149 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 150 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 151 static void focus(Client *c);
 152 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 153 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 154 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 155 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 156 static long getstate(Window w);
 157 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 158 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 159 static void grabkeys(void);
 160 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 161 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 162 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 163 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 164 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 165 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 166 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 167 static void monocle(void);
 168 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 169 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 170 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 171 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 172 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 173 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 174 static void restack(void);
 175 static void run(void);
 176 static void scan(void);
 177 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 178 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 179 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 180 static void setup(void);
 181 static void showhide(Client *c);
 182 static void sigchld(int signal);
 183 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 184 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 185 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 186 static void tile(void);
 187 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 188 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 189 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 190 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 191 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 192 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 193 static void updatebar(void);
 194 static void updategeom(void);
 195 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 196 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 197 static void updatestatus(void);
 198 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 199 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 200 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 201 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 205
 206 /* variables */
 207 static char stext[256];
 208 static int screen;
 209 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 210 static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 211 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 212 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 213 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 214 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 215 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 216         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 217         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 218         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 219         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 220         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 221         [Expose] = expose,
 222         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 223         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 224         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 225         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 226         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 227         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 228 };
 229 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 230 static Bool otherwm;
 231 static Bool running = True;
 232 static Client *clients = NULL;
 233 static Client *sel = NULL;
 234 static Client *stack = NULL;
 235 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 236 static Display *dpy;
 237 static DC dc;
 238 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 239 static Window root, barwin;
 240 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 241 #include "config.h"
 242
 243 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 244 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 245
 246 /* function implementations */
 247 void
 248 applyrules(Client *c) {
 249         unsigned int i;
 250         Rule *r;
 251         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 252
 253         /* rule matching */
 254         if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 255                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 256                         r = &rules[i];
 257                         if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 258                         && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 259                         && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 260                                 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 261                                 c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 262                         }
 263                 }
 264                 if(ch.res_class)
 265                         XFree(ch.res_class);
 266                 if(ch.res_name)
 267                         XFree(ch.res_name);
 268         }
 269         if(!c->tags)
 270                 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 271 }
 272
 273 void
 274 arrange(void) {
 275         showhide(stack);
 276         focus(NULL);
 277         if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 278                 lt[sellt]->arrange();
 279         restack();
 280 }
 281
 282 void
 283 attach(Client *c) {
 284         c->next = clients;
 285         clients = c;
 286 }
 287
 288 void
 289 attachstack(Client *c) {
 290         c->snext = stack;
 291         stack = c;
 292 }
 293
 294 void
 295 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 296         unsigned int i, x, click;
 297         Arg arg = {0};
 298         Client *c;
 299         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 300
 301         click = ClkRootWin;
 302         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 303                 i = x = 0;
 304                 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 305                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 306                         click = ClkTagBar;
 307                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 308                 }
 309                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 310                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 311                 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 312                         click = ClkStatusText;
 313                 else
 314                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 315         }
 316         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 317                 focus(c);
 318                 click = ClkClientWin;
 319         }
 320
 321         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 322                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 323                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 324                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 325 }
 326
 327 void
 328 checkotherwm(void) {
 329         otherwm = False;
 330         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 331
 332         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 333         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 334         XSync(dpy, False);
 335         if(otherwm)
 336                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 337         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 338         XSync(dpy, False);
 339 }
 340
 341 void
 342 cleanup(void) {
 343         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 344         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 345
 346         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 347         view(&a);
 348         lt[sellt] = &foo;
 349         while(stack)
 350                 unmanage(stack);
 351         if(dc.font.set)
 352                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 353         else
 354                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 355         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 356         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 357         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 358         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 359         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 360         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 361         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 362         XSync(dpy, False);
 363         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 364 }
 365
 366 void
 367 clearurgent(Client *c) {
 368         XWMHints *wmh;
 369
 370         c->isurgent = False;
 371         if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 372                 return;
 373         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 374         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 375         XFree(wmh);
 376 }
 377
 378 void
 379 configure(Client *c) {
 380         XConfigureEvent ce;
 381
 382         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 383         ce.display = dpy;
 384         ce.event = c->win;
 385         ce.window = c->win;
 386         ce.x = c->x;
 387         ce.y = c->y;
 388         ce.width = c->w;
 389         ce.height = c->h;
 390         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 391         ce.above = None;
 392         ce.override_redirect = False;
 393         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 394 }
 395
 396 void
 397 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 398         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 399
 400         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 401                 sw = ev->width;
 402                 sh = ev->height;
 403                 updategeom();
 404                 updatebar();
 405                 arrange();
 406         }
 407 }
 408
 409 void
 410 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 411         Client *c;
 412         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 413         XWindowChanges wc;
 414
 415         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 416                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 417                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 418                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 419                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 420                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 421                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 422                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 423                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 424                                 c->w = ev->width;
 425                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 426                                 c->h = ev->height;
 427                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 428                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 429                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 430                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 431                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 432                                 configure(c);
 433                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 434                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 435                 }
 436                 else
 437                         configure(c);
 438         }
 439         else {
 440                 wc.x = ev->x;
 441                 wc.y = ev->y;
 442                 wc.width = ev->width;
 443                 wc.height = ev->height;
 444                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 445                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 446                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 447                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 448         }
 449         XSync(dpy, False);
 450 }
 451
 452 void
 453 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 454         Client *c;
 455         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 456
 457         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 458                 unmanage(c);
 459 }
 460
 461 void
 462 detach(Client *c) {
 463         Client **tc;
 464
 465         for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 466         *tc = c->next;
 467 }
 468
 469 void
 470 detachstack(Client *c) {
 471         Client **tc;
 472
 473         for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 474         *tc = c->snext;
 475 }
 476
 477 void
 478 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 479         va_list ap;
 480
 481         va_start(ap, errstr);
 482         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 483         va_end(ap);
 484         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 485 }
 486
 487 void
 488 drawbar(void) {
 489         int x;
 490         unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 491         unsigned long *col;
 492         Client *c;
 493
 494         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 495                 occ |= c->tags;
 496                 if(c->isurgent)
 497                         urg |= c->tags;
 498         }
 499
 500         dc.x = 0;
 501         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 502                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 503                 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 504                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 505                 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 506                 dc.x += dc.w;
 507         }
 508         if(blw > 0) {
 509                 dc.w = blw;
 510                 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 511                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 512         }
 513         else
 514                 x = dc.x;
 515         dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 516         dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 517         if(dc.x < x) {
 518                 dc.x = x;
 519                 dc.w = ww - x;
 520         }
 521         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 522         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 523                 dc.x = x;
 524                 if(sel) {
 525                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 526                         drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 527                 }
 528                 else
 529                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 530         }
 531         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 532         XSync(dpy, False);
 533 }
 534
 535 void
 536 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 537         int x;
 538         XGCValues gcv;
 539         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 540
 541         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 542         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 543         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 544         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 545         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 546         if(filled) {
 547                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 548                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 549         }
 550         else if(empty) {
 551                 r.width = r.height = x;
 552                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 553         }
 554 }
 555
 556 void
 557 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 558         char buf[256];
 559         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 560         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 561
 562         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 563         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 564         if(!text)
 565                 return;
 566         olen = strlen(text);
 567         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 568         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 569         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 570         /* shorten text if necessary */
 571         for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 572         if(!len)
 573                 return;
 574         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 575         if(len < olen)
 576                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 577         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 578         if(dc.font.set)
 579                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 580         else
 581                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 582 }
 583
 584 void
 585 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 586         Client *c;
 587         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 588
 589         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 590                 return;
 591         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 592                 focus(c);
 593         else
 594                 focus(NULL);
 595 }
 596
 597 void
 598 expose(XEvent *e) {
 599         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 600
 601         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 602                 drawbar();
 603 }
 604
 605 void
 606 focus(Client *c) {
 607         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 608                 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 609         if(sel && sel != c) {
 610                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 611                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 612         }
 613         if(c) {
 614                 if(c->isurgent)
 615                         clearurgent(c);
 616                 detachstack(c);
 617                 attachstack(c);
 618                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 619                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 620                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 621         }
 622         else
 623                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 624         sel = c;
 625         drawbar();
 626 }
 627
 628 void
 629 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 630         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 631
 632         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 633                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 634 }
 635
 636 void
 637 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 638         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 639
 640         if(!sel)
 641                 return;
 642         if (arg->i > 0) {
 643                 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 644                 if(!c)
 645                         for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 646         }
 647         else {
 648                 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 649                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 650                                 c = i;
 651                 if(!c)
 652                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 653                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 654                                         c = i;
 655         }
 656         if(c) {
 657                 focus(c);
 658                 restack();
 659         }
 660 }
 661
 662 Client *
 663 getclient(Window w) {
 664         Client *c;
 665
 666         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 667         return c;
 668 }
 669
 670 unsigned long
 671 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 672         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 673         XColor color;
 674
 675         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 676                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 677         return color.pixel;
 678 }
 679
 680 long
 681 getstate(Window w) {
 682         int format, status;
 683         long result = -1;
 684         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 685         unsigned long n, extra;
 686         Atom real;
 687
 688         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 689                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 690         if(status != Success)
 691                 return -1;
 692         if(n != 0)
 693                 result = *p;
 694         XFree(p);
 695         return result;
 696 }
 697
 698 Bool
 699 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 700         char **list = NULL;
 701         int n;
 702         XTextProperty name;
 703
 704         if(!text || size == 0)
 705                 return False;
 706         text[0] = '\0';
 707         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 708         if(!name.nitems)
 709                 return False;
 710         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 711                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 712         else {
 713                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 714                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 715                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 716                         XFreeStringList(list);
 717                 }
 718         }
 719         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 720         XFree(name.value);
 721         return True;
 722 }
 723
 724 void
 725 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 726         updatenumlockmask();
 727         {
 728                 unsigned int i, j;
 729                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 730                 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 731                 if(focused) {
 732                         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 733                                 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 734                                         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 735                                                 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 736                 } else
 737                         XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 738                                     BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 739         }
 740 }
 741
 742 void
 743 grabkeys(void) {
 744         updatenumlockmask();
 745         { /* grab keys */
 746                 unsigned int i, j;
 747                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 748                 KeyCode code;
 749
 750                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 751                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 752                         if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 753                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 754                                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 755                                                  True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 756                 }
 757         }
 758 }
 759
 760 void
 761 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 762         char *def, **missing;
 763         int i, n;
 764
 765         missing = NULL;
 766         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 767         if(missing) {
 768                 while(n--)
 769                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 770                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 771         }
 772         if(dc.font.set) {
 773                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 774                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 775                 char **font_names;
 776                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 777                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 778                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 779                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 780                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 781                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 782                         xfonts++;
 783                 }
 784         }
 785         else {
 786                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 787                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 788                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 789                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 790                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 791         }
 792         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 793 }
 794
 795 Bool
 796 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 797         int i, n;
 798         Atom *protocols;
 799         Bool ret = False;
 800
 801         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 802                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 803                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 804                                 ret = True;
 805                 XFree(protocols);
 806         }
 807         return ret;
 808 }
 809
 810 void
 811 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 812         unsigned int i;
 813         KeySym keysym;
 814         XKeyEvent *ev;
 815
 816         ev = &e->xkey;
 817         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 818         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 819                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 820                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 821                    && keys[i].func)
 822                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 823 }
 824
 825 void
 826 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 827         XEvent ev;
 828
 829         if(!sel)
 830                 return;
 831         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 832                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 833                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 834                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 835                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 836                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 837                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 838                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 839         }
 840         else
 841                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 842 }
 843
 844 void
 845 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 846         static Client cz;
 847         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 848         Window trans = None;
 849         XWindowChanges wc;
 850
 851         if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
 852                 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 853         *c = cz;
 854         c->win = w;
 855
 856         /* geometry */
 857         c->x = wa->x;
 858         c->y = wa->y;
 859         c->w = wa->width;
 860         c->h = wa->height;
 861         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 862         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 863                 c->x = sx;
 864                 c->y = sy;
 865                 c->bw = 0;
 866         }
 867         else {
 868                 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
 869                         c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
 870                 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
 871                         c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
 872                 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 873                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 874                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 875                 c->bw = borderpx;
 876         }
 877
 878         wc.border_width = c->bw;
 879         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 880         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 881         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 882         updatesizehints(c);
 883         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 884         grabbuttons(c, False);
 885         updatetitle(c);
 886         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 887                 t = getclient(trans);
 888         if(t)
 889                 c->tags = t->tags;
 890         else
 891                 applyrules(c);
 892         if(!c->isfloating)
 893                 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
 894         if(c->isfloating)
 895                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 896         attach(c);
 897         attachstack(c);
 898         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 899         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 900         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 901         arrange();
 902 }
 903
 904 void
 905 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 906         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 907
 908         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 909         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 910                 grabkeys();
 911 }
 912
 913 void
 914 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 915         static XWindowAttributes wa;
 916         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 917
 918         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 919                 return;
 920         if(wa.override_redirect)
 921                 return;
 922         if(!getclient(ev->window))
 923                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
 924 }
 925
 926 void
 927 monocle(void) {
 928         Client *c;
 929
 930         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 931                 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 932 }
 933
 934 void
 935 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 936         int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 937         unsigned int dui;
 938         Client *c;
 939         Window dummy;
 940         XEvent ev;
 941
 942         if(!(c = sel))
 943                 return;
 944         restack();
 945         ocx = c->x;
 946         ocy = c->y;
 947         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 948         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 949                 return;
 950         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 951         if(usegrab)
 952                 XGrabServer(dpy);
 953         do {
 954                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 955                 switch (ev.type) {
 956                 case ConfigureRequest:
 957                 case Expose:
 958                 case MapRequest:
 959                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 960                         break;
 961                 case MotionNotify:
 962                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 963                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 964                         if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 965                                 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 966                                 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 967                                         nx = wx;
 968                                 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
 969                                         nx = wx + ww - WIDTH(c);
 970                                 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 971                                         ny = wy;
 972                                 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
 973                                         ny = wy + wh - HEIGHT(c);
 974                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 975                                         togglefloating(NULL);
 976                         }
 977                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 978                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
 979                         break;
 980                 }
 981         }
 982         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
 983         if(usegrab)
 984                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
 985         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 986 }
 987
 988 Client *
 989 nexttiled(Client *c) {
 990         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
 991         return c;
 992 }
 993
 994 void
 995 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
 996         Client *c;
 997         Window trans;
 998         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
 999
1000         if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom = XA_WM_NAME))
1001                 updatestatus();
1002         else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1003                 return; /* ignore */
1004         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1005                 switch (ev->atom) {
1006                 default: break;
1007                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1008                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1009                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1010                                 arrange();
1011                         break;
1012                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1013                         updatesizehints(c);
1014                         break;
1015                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1016                         updatewmhints(c);
1017                         drawbar();
1018                         break;
1019                 }
1020                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1021                         updatetitle(c);
1022                         if(c == sel)
1023                                 drawbar();
1024                 }
1025         }
1026 }
1027
1028 void
1029 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1030         running = False;
1031 }
1032
1033 void
1034 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1035         XWindowChanges wc;
1036
1037         if(sizehints) {
1038                 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
1039                 Bool baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
1040
1041                 /* set minimum possible */
1042                 w = MAX(1, w);
1043                 h = MAX(1, h);
1044
1045                 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1046                         w -= c->basew;
1047                         h -= c->baseh;
1048                 }
1049
1050                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1051                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1052                         if(c->maxa < (float)w / h)
1053                                 w = h * c->maxa;
1054                         else if(c->mina < (float)h / w)
1055                                 h = w * c->mina;
1056                 }
1057
1058                 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
1059                         w -= c->basew;
1060                         h -= c->baseh;
1061                 }
1062
1063                 /* adjust for increment value */
1064                 if(c->incw)
1065                         w -= w % c->incw;
1066                 if(c->inch)
1067                         h -= h % c->inch;
1068
1069                 /* restore base dimensions */
1070                 w += c->basew;
1071                 h += c->baseh;
1072
1073                 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1074                 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1075
1076                 if(c->maxw)
1077                         w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1078
1079                 if(c->maxh)
1080                         h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1081         }
1082         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1083                 return;
1084         if(x > sx + sw)
1085                 x = sw - WIDTH(c);
1086         if(y > sy + sh)
1087                 y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
1088         if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1089                 x = sx;
1090         if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1091                 y = sy;
1092         if(h < bh)
1093                 h = bh;
1094         if(w < bh)
1095                 w = bh;
1096         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1097                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1098                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1099                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1100                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1101                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1102                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1103                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1104                 configure(c);
1105                 XSync(dpy, False);
1106         }
1107 }
1108
1109 void
1110 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1111         int ocx, ocy;
1112         int nw, nh;
1113         Client *c;
1114         XEvent ev;
1115
1116         if(!(c = sel))
1117                 return;
1118         restack();
1119         ocx = c->x;
1120         ocy = c->y;
1121         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1122         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1123                 return;
1124         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1125         if(usegrab)
1126                 XGrabServer(dpy);
1127         do {
1128                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1129                 switch(ev.type) {
1130                 case ConfigureRequest:
1131                 case Expose:
1132                 case MapRequest:
1133                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1134                         break;
1135                 case MotionNotify:
1136                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2*c->bw + 1, 1);
1137                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2*c->bw + 1, 1);
1138
1139                         if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1140                                 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1141                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1142                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1143                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1144                         }
1145                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1146                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1147                         break;
1148                 }
1149         }
1150         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1151         if(usegrab)
1152                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
1153         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1154         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1155         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1156 }
1157
1158 void
1159 restack(void) {
1160         Client *c;
1161         XEvent ev;
1162         XWindowChanges wc;
1163
1164         drawbar();
1165         if(!sel)
1166                 return;
1167         if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1168                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1169         if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1170                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1171                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1172                 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1173                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1174                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1175                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1176                         }
1177         }
1178         XSync(dpy, False);
1179         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1180 }
1181
1182 void
1183 run(void) {
1184         XEvent ev;
1185
1186         /* main event loop */
1187         XSync(dpy, False);
1188         while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1189                 if(handler[ev.type])
1190                         (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1191         }
1192 }
1193
1194 void
1195 scan(void) {
1196         unsigned int i, num;
1197         Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1198         XWindowAttributes wa;
1199
1200         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1201                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1202                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1203                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1204                                 continue;
1205                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1206                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1207                 }
1208                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1209                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1210                                 continue;
1211                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1212                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1213                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1214                 }
1215                 if(wins)
1216                         XFree(wins);
1217         }
1218 }
1219
1220 void
1221 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1222         long data[] = {state, None};
1223
1224         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1225                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1226 }
1227
1228 void
1229 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1230         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1231                 sellt ^= 1;
1232         if(arg && arg->v)
1233                 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1234         if(sel)
1235                 arrange();
1236         else
1237                 drawbar();
1238 }
1239
1240 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1241 void
1242 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1243         float f;
1244
1245         if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1246                 return;
1247         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1248         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1249                 return;
1250         mfact = f;
1251         arrange();
1252 }
1253
1254 void
1255 setup(void) {
1256         unsigned int i;
1257         int w;
1258         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1259
1260         /* init screen */
1261         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1262         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1263         initfont(font);
1264         sx = 0;
1265         sy = 0;
1266         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1267         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1268         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1269         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1270         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1271         updategeom();
1272
1273         /* init atoms */
1274         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1275         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1276         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1277         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1278         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1279
1280         /* init cursors */
1281         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1282         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1283         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1284
1285         /* init appearance */
1286         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1287         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1288         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1289         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1290         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1291         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1292         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1293         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1294         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1295         if(!dc.font.set)
1296                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1297
1298         /* init bar */
1299         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1300                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1301                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1302         }
1303
1304         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1305         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1306         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1307
1308         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1309                         CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1310                         CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1311         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1312         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1313         updatestatus();
1314
1315         /* EWMH support per view */
1316         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1317                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1318
1319         /* select for events */
1320         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1321                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1322                         |PropertyChangeMask;
1323         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1324         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1325
1326         grabkeys();
1327 }
1328
1329 void
1330 showhide(Client *c) {
1331         if(!c)
1332                 return;
1333         if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1334                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1335                 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1336                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1337                 showhide(c->snext);
1338         }
1339         else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1340                 showhide(c->snext);
1341                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1342         }
1343 }
1344
1345
1346 void
1347 sigchld(int signal) {
1348         while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1349 }
1350
1351 void
1352 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1353         signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1354         if(fork() == 0) {
1355                 if(dpy)
1356                         close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1357                 setsid();
1358                 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1359                 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1360                 perror(" failed");
1361                 exit(0);
1362         }
1363 }
1364
1365 void
1366 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1367         if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1368                 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1369                 arrange();
1370         }
1371 }
1372
1373 int
1374 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1375         XRectangle r;
1376
1377         if(dc.font.set) {
1378                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1379                 return r.width;
1380         }
1381         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1382 }
1383
1384 void
1385 tile(void) {
1386         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1387         unsigned int i, n;
1388         Client *c;
1389
1390         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1391         if(n == 0)
1392                 return;
1393
1394         /* master */
1395         c = nexttiled(clients);
1396         mw = mfact * ww;
1397         resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1398
1399         if(--n == 0)
1400                 return;
1401
1402         /* tile stack */
1403         x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1404         y = wy;
1405         w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1406         h = wh / n;
1407         if(h < bh)
1408                 h = wh;
1409
1410         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1411                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1412                        ? wy + wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), resizehints);
1413                 if(h != wh)
1414                         y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1415         }
1416 }
1417
1418 void
1419 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1420         showbar = !showbar;
1421         updategeom();
1422         updatebar();
1423         arrange();
1424 }
1425
1426 void
1427 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1428         if(!sel)
1429                 return;
1430         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1431         if(sel->isfloating)
1432                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1433         arrange();
1434 }
1435
1436 void
1437 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1438         unsigned int mask;
1439
1440         if (!sel)
1441                 return;
1442
1443         mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1444         if(sel && mask) {
1445                 sel->tags = mask;
1446                 arrange();
1447         }
1448 }
1449
1450 void
1451 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1452         unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1453
1454         if(mask) {
1455                 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1456                 arrange();
1457         }
1458 }
1459
1460 void
1461 unmanage(Client *c) {
1462         XWindowChanges wc;
1463
1464         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1465         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1466         XGrabServer(dpy);
1467         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1468         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1469         detach(c);
1470         detachstack(c);
1471         if(sel == c)
1472                 focus(NULL);
1473         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1474         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1475         free(c);
1476         XSync(dpy, False);
1477         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1478         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1479         arrange();
1480 }
1481
1482 void
1483 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1484         Client *c;
1485         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1486
1487         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1488                 unmanage(c);
1489 }
1490
1491 void
1492 updatebar(void) {
1493         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1494                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1495         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1496         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1497 }
1498
1499 void
1500 updategeom(void) {
1501 #ifdef XINERAMA
1502         int n, i = 0;
1503         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1504
1505         /* window area geometry */
1506         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1507                 if(n > 1) {
1508                         int di, x, y;
1509                         unsigned int dui;
1510                         Window dummy;
1511                         if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1512                                 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1513                                         if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1514                                                 break;
1515                 }
1516                 wx = info[i].x_org;
1517                 wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1518                 ww = info[i].width;
1519                 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1520                 XFree(info);
1521         }
1522         else
1523 #endif
1524         {
1525                 wx = sx;
1526                 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1527                 ww = sw;
1528                 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1529         }
1530
1531         /* bar position */
1532         by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1533 }
1534
1535 void
1536 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1537         unsigned int i, j;
1538         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1539
1540         numlockmask = 0;
1541         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1542         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1543                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1544                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1545                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1546         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1547 }
1548
1549 void
1550 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1551         long msize;
1552         XSizeHints size;
1553
1554         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1555                 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1556                 size.flags = PSize;
1557         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1558                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1559                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1560         }
1561         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1562                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1563                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1564         }
1565         else
1566                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1567         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1568                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1569                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1570         }
1571         else
1572                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1573         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1574                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1575                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1576         }
1577         else
1578                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1579         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1580                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1581                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1582         }
1583         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1584                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1585                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1586         }
1587         else
1588                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1589         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1590                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1591                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1592         }
1593         else
1594                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1595         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1596                      && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1597 }
1598
1599 void
1600 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1601         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1602                 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1603 }
1604
1605 void
1606 updatestatus() {
1607         if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1608                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1609         drawbar();
1610 }
1611
1612 void
1613 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1614         XWMHints *wmh;
1615
1616         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1617                 if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1618                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1619                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1620                 }
1621                 else
1622                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1623
1624                 XFree(wmh);
1625         }
1626 }
1627
1628 void
1629 view(const Arg *arg) {
1630         if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1631                 return;
1632         seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1633         if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1634                 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1635         arrange();
1636 }
1637
1638 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1639  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1640  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1641 int
1642 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1643         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1644         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1645         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1646         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1647         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1648         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1649         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1650         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1651         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1652                 return 0;
1653         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1654                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1655         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1656 }
1657
1658 int
1659 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1660         return 0;
1661 }
1662
1663 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1664  * is already running. */
1665 int
1666 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1667         otherwm = True;
1668         return -1;
1669 }
1670
1671 void
1672 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1673         Client *c = sel;
1674
1675         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1676                 return;
1677         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1678                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1679                         return;
1680         detach(c);
1681         attach(c);
1682         focus(c);
1683         arrange();
1684 }
1685
1686 int
1687 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1688         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1689                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1690         else if(argc != 1)
1691                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1692
1693         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1694                 fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1695
1696         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1697                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1698
1699         checkotherwm();
1700         setup();
1701         scan();
1702         run();
1703         cleanup();
1704
1705         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1706         return 0;
1707 }