dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11  * in O(1) time.
  12  *
  13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  15  * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  16  * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17  * client.
  18  *
  19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20  *
  21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22  */
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <locale.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <stdio.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <string.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <sys/types.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39 #ifdef XINERAMA
  40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41 #endif
  42
  43 /* macros */
  44 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47 #define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  48 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  49 #define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  50 #define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  51 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  52 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  53 #define WIDTH(x)                ((x)->w + 2 * (x)->bw)
  54 #define HEIGHT(x)               ((x)->h + 2 * (x)->bw)
  55 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  56 #define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  57
  58 /* enums */
  59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  63 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66 typedef union {
  67         int i;
  68         unsigned int ui;
  69         float f;
  70         void *v;
  71 } Arg;
  72
  73 typedef struct {
  74         unsigned int click;
  75         unsigned int mask;
  76         unsigned int button;
  77         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78         const Arg arg;
  79 } Button;
  80
  81 typedef struct Client Client;
  82 struct Client {
  83         char name[256];
  84         float mina, maxa;
  85         int x, y, w, h;
  86         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87         int bw, oldbw;
  88         unsigned int tags;
  89         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90         Client *next;
  91         Client *snext;
  92         Window win;
  93 };
  94
  95 typedef struct {
  96         int x, y, w, h;
  97         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  98         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  99         Drawable drawable;
 100         GC gc;
 101         struct {
 102                 int ascent;
 103                 int descent;
 104                 int height;
 105                 XFontSet set;
 106                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 107         } font;
 108 } DC; /* draw context */
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         unsigned int mod;
 112         KeySym keysym;
 113         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 114         const Arg arg;
 115 } Key;
 116
 117 typedef struct {
 118         const char *symbol;
 119         void (*arrange)(void);
 120 } Layout;
 121
 122 typedef struct {
 123         const char *class;
 124         const char *instance;
 125         const char *title;
 126         unsigned int tags;
 127         Bool isfloating;
 128 } Rule;
 129
 130 /* function declarations */
 131 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 132 static void arrange(void);
 133 static void attach(Client *c);
 134 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 135 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 136 static void checkotherwm(void);
 137 static void cleanup(void);
 138 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 139 static void configure(Client *c);
 140 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 141 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 142 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 143 static void detach(Client *c);
 144 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 145 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 146 static void drawbar(void);
 147 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 148 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 149 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 150 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 151 static void focus(Client *c);
 152 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 153 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 154 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 155 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 156 static long getstate(Window w);
 157 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 158 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 159 static void grabkeys(void);
 160 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 161 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 162 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 163 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 164 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 165 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 166 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 167 static void monocle(void);
 168 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 169 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 170 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 171 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 172 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 173 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 174 static void restack(void);
 175 static void run(void);
 176 static void scan(void);
 177 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 178 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 179 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 180 static void setup(void);
 181 static void showhide(Client *c, unsigned int ntiled);
 182 static void sigchld(int signal);
 183 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 184 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 185 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 186 static void tile(void);
 187 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 188 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 189 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 190 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 191 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 192 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 193 static void updatebar(void);
 194 static void updategeom(void);
 195 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 196 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 197 static void updatestatus(void);
 198 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 199 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 200 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 201 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 205
 206 /* variables */
 207 static char stext[256];
 208 static int screen;
 209 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 210 static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 211 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 212 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 213 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 214 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 215 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 216         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 217         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 218         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 219         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 220         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 221         [Expose] = expose,
 222         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 223         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 224         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 225         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 226         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 227         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 228 };
 229 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 230 static Bool otherwm;
 231 static Bool running = True;
 232 static Client *clients = NULL;
 233 static Client *sel = NULL;
 234 static Client *stack = NULL;
 235 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 236 static Display *dpy;
 237 static DC dc;
 238 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 239 static Window root, barwin;
 240 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 241 #include "config.h"
 242
 243 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 244 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 245
 246 /* function implementations */
 247 void
 248 applyrules(Client *c) {
 249         unsigned int i;
 250         Rule *r;
 251         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 252
 253         /* rule matching */
 254         if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 255                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 256                         r = &rules[i];
 257                         if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 258                         && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 259                         && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 260                                 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 261                                 c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK ? r->tags & TAGMASK : tagset[seltags];
 262                         }
 263                 }
 264                 if(ch.res_class)
 265                         XFree(ch.res_class);
 266                 if(ch.res_name)
 267                         XFree(ch.res_name);
 268         }
 269         if(!c->tags)
 270                 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 271 }
 272
 273 void
 274 arrange(void) {
 275         unsigned int nt;
 276         Client *c;
 277
 278         for(nt = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), nt++);
 279         showhide(stack, nt);
 280         focus(NULL);
 281         if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 282                 lt[sellt]->arrange();
 283         restack();
 284 }
 285
 286 void
 287 attach(Client *c) {
 288         c->next = clients;
 289         clients = c;
 290 }
 291
 292 void
 293 attachstack(Client *c) {
 294         c->snext = stack;
 295         stack = c;
 296 }
 297
 298 void
 299 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 300         unsigned int i, x, click;
 301         Arg arg = {0};
 302         Client *c;
 303         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 304
 305         click = ClkRootWin;
 306         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 307                 i = x = 0;
 308                 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 309                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 310                         click = ClkTagBar;
 311                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 312                 }
 313                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 314                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 315                 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 316                         click = ClkStatusText;
 317                 else
 318                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 319         }
 320         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 321                 focus(c);
 322                 click = ClkClientWin;
 323         }
 324
 325         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 326                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 327                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 328                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 329 }
 330
 331 void
 332 checkotherwm(void) {
 333         otherwm = False;
 334         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 335
 336         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 337         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 338         XSync(dpy, False);
 339         if(otherwm)
 340                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 341         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 342         XSync(dpy, False);
 343 }
 344
 345 void
 346 cleanup(void) {
 347         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 348         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 349
 350         view(&a);
 351         lt[sellt] = &foo;
 352         while(stack)
 353                 unmanage(stack);
 354         if(dc.font.set)
 355                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 356         else
 357                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 358         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 359         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 360         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 361         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 362         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 363         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 364         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 365         XSync(dpy, False);
 366         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 367 }
 368
 369 void
 370 clearurgent(Client *c) {
 371         XWMHints *wmh;
 372
 373         c->isurgent = False;
 374         if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 375                 return;
 376         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 377         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 378         XFree(wmh);
 379 }
 380
 381 void
 382 configure(Client *c) {
 383         XConfigureEvent ce;
 384
 385         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 386         ce.display = dpy;
 387         ce.event = c->win;
 388         ce.window = c->win;
 389         ce.x = c->x;
 390         ce.y = c->y;
 391         ce.width = c->w;
 392         ce.height = c->h;
 393         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 394         ce.above = None;
 395         ce.override_redirect = False;
 396         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 397 }
 398
 399 void
 400 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 401         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 402
 403         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 404                 sw = ev->width;
 405                 sh = ev->height;
 406                 updategeom();
 407                 updatebar();
 408                 arrange();
 409         }
 410 }
 411
 412 void
 413 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 414         Client *c;
 415         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 416         XWindowChanges wc;
 417
 418         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 419                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 420                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 421                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 422                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 423                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 424                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 425                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 426                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 427                                 c->w = ev->width;
 428                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 429                                 c->h = ev->height;
 430                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 431                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 432                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 433                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 434                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 435                                 configure(c);
 436                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 437                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 438                 }
 439                 else
 440                         configure(c);
 441         }
 442         else {
 443                 wc.x = ev->x;
 444                 wc.y = ev->y;
 445                 wc.width = ev->width;
 446                 wc.height = ev->height;
 447                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 448                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 449                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 450                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 451         }
 452         XSync(dpy, False);
 453 }
 454
 455 void
 456 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 457         Client *c;
 458         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 459
 460         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 461                 unmanage(c);
 462 }
 463
 464 void
 465 detach(Client *c) {
 466         Client **tc;
 467
 468         for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 469         *tc = c->next;
 470 }
 471
 472 void
 473 detachstack(Client *c) {
 474         Client **tc;
 475
 476         for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 477         *tc = c->snext;
 478 }
 479
 480 void
 481 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 482         va_list ap;
 483
 484         va_start(ap, errstr);
 485         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 486         va_end(ap);
 487         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 488 }
 489
 490 void
 491 drawbar(void) {
 492         int x;
 493         unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 494         unsigned long *col;
 495         Client *c;
 496
 497         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 498                 occ |= c->tags;
 499                 if(c->isurgent)
 500                         urg |= c->tags;
 501         }
 502
 503         dc.x = 0;
 504         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 505                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 506                 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 507                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 508                 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 509                 dc.x += dc.w;
 510         }
 511         if(blw > 0) {
 512                 dc.w = blw;
 513                 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 514                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 515         }
 516         else
 517                 x = dc.x;
 518         dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 519         dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 520         if(dc.x < x) {
 521                 dc.x = x;
 522                 dc.w = ww - x;
 523         }
 524         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 525         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 526                 dc.x = x;
 527                 if(sel) {
 528                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 529                         drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 530                 }
 531                 else
 532                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 533         }
 534         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 535         XSync(dpy, False);
 536 }
 537
 538 void
 539 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 540         int x;
 541         XGCValues gcv;
 542         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 543
 544         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 545         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 546         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 547         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 548         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 549         if(filled) {
 550                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 551                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 552         }
 553         else if(empty) {
 554                 r.width = r.height = x;
 555                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 556         }
 557 }
 558
 559 void
 560 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 561         char buf[256];
 562         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 563         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 564
 565         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 566         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 567         if(!text)
 568                 return;
 569         olen = strlen(text);
 570         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 571         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 572         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 573         /* shorten text if necessary */
 574         for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 575         if(!len)
 576                 return;
 577         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 578         if(len < olen)
 579                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 580         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 581         if(dc.font.set)
 582                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 583         else
 584                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 585 }
 586
 587 void
 588 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 589         Client *c;
 590         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 591
 592         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 593                 return;
 594         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 595                 focus(c);
 596         else
 597                 focus(NULL);
 598 }
 599
 600 void
 601 expose(XEvent *e) {
 602         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 603
 604         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 605                 drawbar();
 606 }
 607
 608 void
 609 focus(Client *c) {
 610         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 611                 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 612         if(sel && sel != c) {
 613                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 614                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 615         }
 616         if(c) {
 617                 if(c->isurgent)
 618                         clearurgent(c);
 619                 detachstack(c);
 620                 attachstack(c);
 621                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 622                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 623                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 624         }
 625         else
 626                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 627         sel = c;
 628         drawbar();
 629 }
 630
 631 void
 632 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 633         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 634
 635         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 636                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 637 }
 638
 639 void
 640 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 641         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 642
 643         if(!sel)
 644                 return;
 645         if (arg->i > 0) {
 646                 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 647                 if(!c)
 648                         for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 649         }
 650         else {
 651                 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 652                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 653                                 c = i;
 654                 if(!c)
 655                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 656                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 657                                         c = i;
 658         }
 659         if(c) {
 660                 focus(c);
 661                 restack();
 662         }
 663 }
 664
 665 Client *
 666 getclient(Window w) {
 667         Client *c;
 668
 669         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 670         return c;
 671 }
 672
 673 unsigned long
 674 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 675         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 676         XColor color;
 677
 678         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 679                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 680         return color.pixel;
 681 }
 682
 683 long
 684 getstate(Window w) {
 685         int format, status;
 686         long result = -1;
 687         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 688         unsigned long n, extra;
 689         Atom real;
 690
 691         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 692                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 693         if(status != Success)
 694                 return -1;
 695         if(n != 0)
 696                 result = *p;
 697         XFree(p);
 698         return result;
 699 }
 700
 701 Bool
 702 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 703         char **list = NULL;
 704         int n;
 705         XTextProperty name;
 706
 707         if(!text || size == 0)
 708                 return False;
 709         text[0] = '\0';
 710         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 711         if(!name.nitems)
 712                 return False;
 713         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 714                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 715         else {
 716                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 717                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 718                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 719                         XFreeStringList(list);
 720                 }
 721         }
 722         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 723         XFree(name.value);
 724         return True;
 725 }
 726
 727 void
 728 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 729         updatenumlockmask();
 730         {
 731                 unsigned int i, j;
 732                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 733                 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 734                 if(focused) {
 735                         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 736                                 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 737                                         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 738                                                 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 739                 } else
 740                         XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 741                                     BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 742         }
 743 }
 744
 745 void
 746 grabkeys(void) {
 747         updatenumlockmask();
 748         { /* grab keys */
 749                 unsigned int i, j;
 750                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 751                 KeyCode code;
 752
 753                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 754                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 755                         if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 756                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 757                                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 758                                                  True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 759                 }
 760         }
 761 }
 762
 763 void
 764 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 765         char *def, **missing;
 766         int i, n;
 767
 768         missing = NULL;
 769         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 770         if(missing) {
 771                 while(n--)
 772                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 773                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 774         }
 775         if(dc.font.set) {
 776                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 777                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 778                 char **font_names;
 779                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 780                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 781                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 782                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 783                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 784                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 785                         xfonts++;
 786                 }
 787         }
 788         else {
 789                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 790                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 791                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 792                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 793                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 794         }
 795         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 796 }
 797
 798 Bool
 799 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 800         int i, n;
 801         Atom *protocols;
 802         Bool ret = False;
 803
 804         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 805                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 806                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 807                                 ret = True;
 808                 XFree(protocols);
 809         }
 810         return ret;
 811 }
 812
 813 void
 814 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 815         unsigned int i;
 816         KeySym keysym;
 817         XKeyEvent *ev;
 818
 819         ev = &e->xkey;
 820         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 821         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 822                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 823                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 824                    && keys[i].func)
 825                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 826 }
 827
 828 void
 829 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 830         XEvent ev;
 831
 832         if(!sel)
 833                 return;
 834         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 835                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 836                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 837                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 838                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 839                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 840                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 841                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 842         }
 843         else
 844                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 845 }
 846
 847 void
 848 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 849         static Client cz;
 850         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 851         Window trans = None;
 852         XWindowChanges wc;
 853
 854         if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
 855                 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 856         *c = cz;
 857         c->win = w;
 858
 859         /* geometry */
 860         c->x = wa->x;
 861         c->y = wa->y;
 862         c->w = wa->width;
 863         c->h = wa->height;
 864         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 865         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 866                 c->x = sx;
 867                 c->y = sy;
 868                 c->bw = 0;
 869         }
 870         else {
 871                 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
 872                         c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
 873                 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
 874                         c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
 875                 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 876                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 877                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 878                 c->bw = borderpx;
 879         }
 880
 881         wc.border_width = c->bw;
 882         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 883         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 884         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 885         updatesizehints(c);
 886         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 887         grabbuttons(c, False);
 888         updatetitle(c);
 889         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 890                 t = getclient(trans);
 891         if(t)
 892                 c->tags = t->tags;
 893         else
 894                 applyrules(c);
 895         if(!c->isfloating)
 896                 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
 897         if(c->isfloating)
 898                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 899         attach(c);
 900         attachstack(c);
 901         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 902         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 903         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 904         arrange();
 905 }
 906
 907 void
 908 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 909         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 910
 911         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 912         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 913                 grabkeys();
 914 }
 915
 916 void
 917 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 918         static XWindowAttributes wa;
 919         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 920
 921         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 922                 return;
 923         if(wa.override_redirect)
 924                 return;
 925         if(!getclient(ev->window))
 926                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
 927 }
 928
 929 void
 930 monocle(void) {
 931         Client *c;
 932
 933         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
 934                 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 935         }
 936 }
 937
 938 void
 939 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 940         int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 941         unsigned int dui;
 942         Client *c;
 943         Window dummy;
 944         XEvent ev;
 945
 946         if(!(c = sel))
 947                 return;
 948         restack();
 949         ocx = c->x;
 950         ocy = c->y;
 951         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 952         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 953                 return;
 954         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 955         if(usegrab)
 956                 XGrabServer(dpy);
 957         do {
 958                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 959                 switch (ev.type) {
 960                 case ConfigureRequest:
 961                 case Expose:
 962                 case MapRequest:
 963                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 964                         break;
 965                 case MotionNotify:
 966                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 967                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 968                         if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 969                                 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 970                                 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 971                                         nx = wx;
 972                                 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
 973                                         nx = wx + ww - WIDTH(c);
 974                                 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 975                                         ny = wy;
 976                                 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
 977                                         ny = wy + wh - HEIGHT(c);
 978                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 979                                         togglefloating(NULL);
 980                         }
 981                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 982                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
 983                         break;
 984                 }
 985         }
 986         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
 987         if(usegrab)
 988                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
 989         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 990 }
 991
 992 Client *
 993 nexttiled(Client *c) {
 994         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
 995         return c;
 996 }
 997
 998 void
 999 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1000         Client *c;
1001         Window trans;
1002         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1003
1004         if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1005                 updatestatus();
1006         else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1007                 return; /* ignore */
1008         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1009                 switch (ev->atom) {
1010                 default: break;
1011                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1012                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1013                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1014                                 arrange();
1015                         break;
1016                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1017                         updatesizehints(c);
1018                         break;
1019                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1020                         updatewmhints(c);
1021                         drawbar();
1022                         break;
1023                 }
1024                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1025                         updatetitle(c);
1026                         if(c == sel)
1027                                 drawbar();
1028                 }
1029         }
1030 }
1031
1032 void
1033 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1034         running = False;
1035 }
1036
1037 void
1038 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1039         XWindowChanges wc;
1040
1041         if(sizehints) {
1042                 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
1043                 Bool baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
1044
1045                 /* set minimum possible */
1046                 w = MAX(1, w);
1047                 h = MAX(1, h);
1048
1049                 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1050                         w -= c->basew;
1051                         h -= c->baseh;
1052                 }
1053
1054                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1055                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1056                         if(c->maxa < (float)w / h)
1057                                 w = h * c->maxa;
1058                         else if(c->mina < (float)h / w)
1059                                 h = w * c->mina;
1060                 }
1061
1062                 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
1063                         w -= c->basew;
1064                         h -= c->baseh;
1065                 }
1066
1067                 /* adjust for increment value */
1068                 if(c->incw)
1069                         w -= w % c->incw;
1070                 if(c->inch)
1071                         h -= h % c->inch;
1072
1073                 /* restore base dimensions */
1074                 w += c->basew;
1075                 h += c->baseh;
1076
1077                 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1078                 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1079
1080                 if(c->maxw)
1081                         w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1082
1083                 if(c->maxh)
1084                         h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1085         }
1086         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1087                 return;
1088         if(x > sx + sw)
1089                 x = sw - WIDTH(c);
1090         if(y > sy + sh)
1091                 y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
1092         if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1093                 x = sx;
1094         if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1095                 y = sy;
1096         if(h < bh)
1097                 h = bh;
1098         if(w < bh)
1099                 w = bh;
1100         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1101                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1102                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1103                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1104                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1105                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1106                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1107                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1108                 configure(c);
1109                 XSync(dpy, False);
1110         }
1111 }
1112
1113 void
1114 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1115         int ocx, ocy;
1116         int nw, nh;
1117         Client *c;
1118         XEvent ev;
1119
1120         if(!(c = sel))
1121                 return;
1122         restack();
1123         ocx = c->x;
1124         ocy = c->y;
1125         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1126         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1127                 return;
1128         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1129         if(usegrab)
1130                 XGrabServer(dpy);
1131         do {
1132                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1133                 switch(ev.type) {
1134                 case ConfigureRequest:
1135                 case Expose:
1136                 case MapRequest:
1137                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1138                         break;
1139                 case MotionNotify:
1140                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1141                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1142
1143                         if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1144                                 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1145                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1146                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1147                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1148                         }
1149                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1150                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1151                         break;
1152                 }
1153         }
1154         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1155         if(usegrab)
1156                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
1157         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1158         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1159         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1160 }
1161
1162 void
1163 restack(void) {
1164         Client *c;
1165         XEvent ev;
1166         XWindowChanges wc;
1167
1168         drawbar();
1169         if(!sel)
1170                 return;
1171         if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1172                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1173         if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1174                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1175                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1176                 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1177                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1178                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1179                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1180                         }
1181         }
1182         XSync(dpy, False);
1183         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1184 }
1185
1186 void
1187 run(void) {
1188         XEvent ev;
1189
1190         /* main event loop */
1191         XSync(dpy, False);
1192         while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1193                 if(handler[ev.type])
1194                         (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1195         }
1196 }
1197
1198 void
1199 scan(void) {
1200         unsigned int i, num;
1201         Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1202         XWindowAttributes wa;
1203
1204         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1205                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1206                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1207                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1208                                 continue;
1209                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1210                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1211                 }
1212                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1213                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1214                                 continue;
1215                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1216                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1217                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1218                 }
1219                 if(wins)
1220                         XFree(wins);
1221         }
1222 }
1223
1224 void
1225 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1226         long data[] = {state, None};
1227
1228         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1229                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1230 }
1231
1232 void
1233 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1234         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1235                 sellt ^= 1;
1236         if(arg && arg->v)
1237                 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1238         if(sel)
1239                 arrange();
1240         else
1241                 drawbar();
1242 }
1243
1244 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1245 void
1246 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1247         float f;
1248
1249         if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1250                 return;
1251         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1252         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1253                 return;
1254         mfact = f;
1255         arrange();
1256 }
1257
1258 void
1259 setup(void) {
1260         unsigned int i;
1261         int w;
1262         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1263
1264         /* init screen */
1265         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1266         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1267         initfont(font);
1268         sx = 0;
1269         sy = 0;
1270         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1271         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1272         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1273         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1274         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1275         updategeom();
1276
1277         /* init atoms */
1278         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1279         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1280         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1281         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1282         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1283
1284         /* init cursors */
1285         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1286         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1287         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1288
1289         /* init appearance */
1290         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1291         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1292         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1293         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1294         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1295         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1296         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1297         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1298         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1299         if(!dc.font.set)
1300                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1301
1302         /* init bar */
1303         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1304                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1305                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1306         }
1307
1308         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1309         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1310         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1311
1312         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1313                         CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1314                         CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1315         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1316         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1317         updatestatus();
1318
1319         /* EWMH support per view */
1320         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1321                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1322
1323         /* select for events */
1324         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1325                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1326                         |PropertyChangeMask;
1327         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1328         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1329
1330         grabkeys();
1331 }
1332
1333 void
1334 showhide(Client *c, unsigned int ntiled) {
1335         if(!c)
1336                 return;
1337         if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1338                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1339                 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1340                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1341                 showhide(c->snext, ntiled);
1342         }
1343         else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1344                 showhide(c->snext, ntiled);
1345                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1346         }
1347 }
1348
1349
1350 void
1351 sigchld(int signal) {
1352         while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1353 }
1354
1355 void
1356 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1357         signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1358         if(fork() == 0) {
1359                 if(dpy)
1360                         close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1361                 setsid();
1362                 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1363                 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1364                 perror(" failed");
1365                 exit(0);
1366         }
1367 }
1368
1369 void
1370 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1371         if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1372                 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1373                 arrange();
1374         }
1375 }
1376
1377 int
1378 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1379         XRectangle r;
1380
1381         if(dc.font.set) {
1382                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1383                 return r.width;
1384         }
1385         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1386 }
1387
1388 void
1389 tile(void) {
1390         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1391         unsigned int i, n;
1392         Client *c;
1393
1394         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1395         if(n == 0)
1396                 return;
1397
1398         /* master */
1399         c = nexttiled(clients);
1400         mw = mfact * ww;
1401         resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1402
1403         if(--n == 0)
1404                 return;
1405
1406         /* tile stack */
1407         x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1408         y = wy;
1409         w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1410         h = wh / n;
1411         if(h < bh)
1412                 h = wh;
1413
1414         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1415                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1416                        ? wy + wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), resizehints);
1417                 if(h != wh)
1418                         y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1419         }
1420 }
1421
1422 void
1423 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1424         showbar = !showbar;
1425         updategeom();
1426         updatebar();
1427         arrange();
1428 }
1429
1430 void
1431 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1432         if(!sel)
1433                 return;
1434         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1435         if(sel->isfloating)
1436                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1437         arrange();
1438 }
1439
1440 void
1441 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1442         unsigned int mask;
1443
1444         if (!sel)
1445                 return;
1446
1447         mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1448         if(mask) {
1449                 sel->tags = mask;
1450                 arrange();
1451         }
1452 }
1453
1454 void
1455 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1456         unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1457
1458         if(mask) {
1459                 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1460                 arrange();
1461         }
1462 }
1463
1464 void
1465 unmanage(Client *c) {
1466         XWindowChanges wc;
1467
1468         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1469         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1470         XGrabServer(dpy);
1471         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1472         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1473         detach(c);
1474         detachstack(c);
1475         if(sel == c)
1476                 focus(NULL);
1477         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1478         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1479         free(c);
1480         XSync(dpy, False);
1481         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1482         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1483         arrange();
1484 }
1485
1486 void
1487 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1488         Client *c;
1489         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1490
1491         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1492                 unmanage(c);
1493 }
1494
1495 void
1496 updatebar(void) {
1497         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1498                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1499         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1500         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1501 }
1502
1503 void
1504 updategeom(void) {
1505 #ifdef XINERAMA
1506         int n, i = 0;
1507         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1508
1509         /* window area geometry */
1510         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1511                 if(n > 1) {
1512                         int di, x, y;
1513                         unsigned int dui;
1514                         Window dummy;
1515                         if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1516                                 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1517                                         if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1518                                                 break;
1519                 }
1520                 wx = info[i].x_org;
1521                 wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1522                 ww = info[i].width;
1523                 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1524                 XFree(info);
1525         }
1526         else
1527 #endif
1528         {
1529                 wx = sx;
1530                 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1531                 ww = sw;
1532                 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1533         }
1534
1535         /* bar position */
1536         by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1537 }
1538
1539 void
1540 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1541         unsigned int i, j;
1542         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1543
1544         numlockmask = 0;
1545         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1546         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1547                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1548                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1549                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1550         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1551 }
1552
1553 void
1554 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1555         long msize;
1556         XSizeHints size;
1557
1558         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1559                 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1560                 size.flags = PSize;
1561         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1562                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1563                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1564         }
1565         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1566                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1567                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1568         }
1569         else
1570                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1571         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1572                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1573                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1574         }
1575         else
1576                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1577         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1578                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1579                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1580         }
1581         else
1582                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1583         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1584                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1585                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1586         }
1587         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1588                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1589                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1590         }
1591         else
1592                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1593         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1594                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1595                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1596         }
1597         else
1598                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1599         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1600                      && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1601 }
1602
1603 void
1604 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1605         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1606                 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1607 }
1608
1609 void
1610 updatestatus() {
1611         if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1612                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1613         drawbar();
1614 }
1615
1616 void
1617 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1618         XWMHints *wmh;
1619
1620         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1621                 if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1622                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1623                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1624                 }
1625                 else
1626                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1627
1628                 XFree(wmh);
1629         }
1630 }
1631
1632 void
1633 view(const Arg *arg) {
1634         if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1635                 return;
1636         seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1637         if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1638                 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1639         arrange();
1640 }
1641
1642 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1643  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1644  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1645 int
1646 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1647         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1648         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1649         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1650         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1651         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1652         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1653         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1654         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1655         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1656                 return 0;
1657         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1658                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1659         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1660 }
1661
1662 int
1663 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1664         return 0;
1665 }
1666
1667 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1668  * is already running. */
1669 int
1670 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1671         otherwm = True;
1672         return -1;
1673 }
1674
1675 void
1676 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1677         Client *c = sel;
1678
1679         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1680                 return;
1681         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1682                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1683                         return;
1684         detach(c);
1685         attach(c);
1686         focus(c);
1687         arrange();
1688 }
1689
1690 int
1691 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1692         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1693                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1694         else if(argc != 1)
1695                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1696
1697         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1698                 fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1699
1700         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1701                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1702
1703         checkotherwm();
1704         setup();
1705         scan();
1706         run();
1707         cleanup();
1708
1709         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1710         return 0;
1711 }