dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <locale.h>
  28 #include <stdarg.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33 #include <sys/select.h>
  34 #include <sys/types.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <regex.h>
  37 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  38 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  43 //#ifdef XINERAMA
  44 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  45 //#endif
  46
  47 /* macros */
  48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  50 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  51 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  52 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  53
  54
  55 /* enums */
  56 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  57 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  58 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  59 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  60 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  61
  62 /* typedefs */
  63 typedef struct View View;
  64 typedef struct Client Client;
  65 struct Client {
  66         char name[256];
  67         int x, y, w, h;
  68         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  69         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  70         long flags;
  71         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  72         Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  73         Bool *tags;
  74         View *view;
  75         Client *next;
  76         Client *prev;
  77         Client *snext;
  78         Window win;
  79 };
  80
  81 typedef struct {
  82         int x, y, w, h;
  83         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  84         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  85         Drawable drawable;
  86         GC gc;
  87         struct {
  88                 int ascent;
  89                 int descent;
  90                 int height;
  91                 XFontSet set;
  92                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  93         } font;
  94 } DC; /* draw context */
  95
  96 typedef struct {
  97         unsigned long mod;
  98         KeySym keysym;
  99         void (*func)(const char *arg);
 100         const char *arg;
 101 } Key;
 102
 103 typedef struct {
 104         const char *symbol;
 105         void (*arrange)(View *);
 106 } Layout;
 107
 108 typedef struct {
 109         const char *prop;
 110         const char *tag;
 111         Bool isfloating;
 112 } Rule;
 113
 114 struct View {
 115         unsigned int id;
 116         int x, y, w, h, wax, way, wah, waw;
 117         double mwfact;
 118         Layout *layout;
 119         Window barwin;
 120 };
 121
 122 /* function declarations */
 123 void addtag(Client *c, const char *t);
 124 void applyrules(Client *c);
 125 void arrange(void);
 126 void attach(Client *c);
 127 void attachstack(Client *c);
 128 void ban(Client *c);
 129 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 130 void checkotherwm(void);
 131 void cleanup(void);
 132 void configure(Client *c);
 133 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 134 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 135 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 136 void detach(Client *c);
 137 void detachstack(Client *c);
 138 void drawbar(View *v);
 139 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 140 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 141 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 142 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 143 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 144 void expose(XEvent *e);
 145 void floating(View *v); /* default floating layout */
 146 void focus(Client *c);
 147 void focusin(XEvent *e);
 148 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 149 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 150 Client *getclient(Window w);
 151 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 152 View *getviewbar(Window barwin);
 153 long getstate(Window w);
 154 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 155 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 156 void grabkeys(void);
 157 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 158 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 159 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 160 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 161 Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 162 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 163 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 164 void killclient(const char *arg);
 165 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 166 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 167 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 168 View *viewat(void);
 169 void movemouse(Client *c);
 170 Client *nexttiled(Client *c, View *v);
 171 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 172 void quit(const char *arg);
 173 void reapply(const char *arg);
 174 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 175 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 176 void restack(View *v);
 177 void run(void);
 178 void scan(void);
 179 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 180 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 181 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 182 void setup(void);
 183 void spawn(const char *arg);
 184 void tag(const char *arg);
 185 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 186 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 187 void tile(View *v);
 188 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 189 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 190 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 191 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 192 void unban(Client *c);
 193 void unmanage(Client *c);
 194 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 195 void updatebarpos(View *v);
 196 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 197 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 198 void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 199 void view(const char *arg);
 200 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
 201 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202 int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203 int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204 void zoom(const char *arg);
 205 void selectview(const char *arg);
 206
 207 /* variables */
 208 char stext[256], buf[256];
 209 int nviews = 1;
 210 int screen;
 211 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 212 unsigned int bh, bpos;
 213 unsigned int blw = 0;
 214 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 215 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 216         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 217         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 218         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 219         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 220         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 221         [Expose] = expose,
 222         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 223         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 224         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 225         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 226         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 227         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 228 };
 229 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 230 Bool isxinerama = False;
 231 Bool domwfact = True;
 232 Bool dozoom = True;
 233 Bool otherwm, readin;
 234 Bool running = True;
 235 Bool *prevtags;
 236 Bool *seltags;
 237 Client *clients = NULL;
 238 Client *sel = NULL;
 239 Client *stack = NULL;
 240 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 241 Display *dpy;
 242 DC dc = {0};
 243 View *views;
 244 View *selview;
 245 Window root;
 246
 247 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 248 #include "config.h"
 249
 250 /* function implementations */
 251 void
 252 addtag(Client *c, const char *t) {
 253         unsigned int i, tidx = idxoftag(t);
 254
 255         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 256                 if(c->tags[i] && vtags[i] != vtags[tidx])
 257                         return; /* conflict */
 258         c->tags[tidx] = True;
 259         c->view = &views[vtags[tidx]];
 260 }
 261
 262 void
 263 applyrules(Client *c) {
 264         unsigned int i;
 265         Bool matched = False;
 266         Rule *r;
 267         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 268
 269         /* rule matching */
 270         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 271         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 272                 r = &rules[i];
 273                 if(strstr(c->name, r->prop)
 274                 || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->prop))
 275                 || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->prop)))
 276                 {
 277                         c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 278                         if(r->tag) {
 279                                 addtag(c, r->tag);
 280                                 matched = True;
 281                         }
 282                 }
 283         }
 284         if(ch.res_class)
 285                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 286         if(ch.res_name)
 287                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 288         if(!matched) {
 289                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof initags);
 290                 c->view = selview;
 291         }
 292 }
 293
 294
 295
 296 void
 297 arrange(void) {
 298         unsigned int i;
 299         Client *c;
 300
 301         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 302                 if(isvisible(c))
 303                         unban(c);
 304                 else
 305                         ban(c);
 306
 307         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++) {
 308                 views[i].layout->arrange(&views[i]);
 309                 restack(&views[i]);
 310         }
 311         focus(NULL);
 312 }
 313
 314 void
 315 attach(Client *c) {
 316         if(clients)
 317                 clients->prev = c;
 318         c->next = clients;
 319         clients = c;
 320 }
 321
 322 void
 323 attachstack(Client *c) {
 324         c->snext = stack;
 325         stack = c;
 326 }
 327
 328 void
 329 ban(Client *c) {
 330         if(c->isbanned)
 331                 return;
 332         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 3 * c->view->w, c->y);
 333         c->isbanned = True;
 334 }
 335
 336 void
 337 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 338         unsigned int i, x;
 339         Client *c;
 340         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 341
 342         if(ev->window == selview->barwin) {
 343                 x = 0;
 344                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 345                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 346                         if(ev->x < x) {
 347                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 348                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 349                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 350                                         else
 351                                                 view(tags[i]);
 352                                 }
 353                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 354                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 355                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 356                                         else
 357                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 358                                 }
 359                                 return;
 360                         }
 361                 }
 362                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 363                         setlayout(NULL);
 364         }
 365         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 366                 focus(c);
 367                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 368                         return;
 369                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 370                         restack(c->view);
 371                         movemouse(c);
 372                 }
 373                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 374                         if((floating != c->view->layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 375                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 376                         else
 377                                 zoom(NULL);
 378                 }
 379                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 380                         restack(c->view);
 381                         resizemouse(c);
 382                 }
 383         }
 384 }
 385
 386 void
 387 checkotherwm(void) {
 388         otherwm = False;
 389         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 390
 391         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 392         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 393         XSync(dpy, False);
 394         if(otherwm)
 395                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 396         XSync(dpy, False);
 397         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 398         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 399         XSync(dpy, False);
 400 }
 401
 402 void
 403 cleanup(void) {
 404         unsigned int i;
 405         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 406         while(stack) {
 407                 unban(stack);
 408                 unmanage(stack);
 409         }
 410         if(dc.font.set)
 411                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 412         else
 413                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 414
 415         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 416         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 417         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 418         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 419         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 420         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 421         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++)
 422                 XDestroyWindow(dpy, views[i].barwin);
 423         XSync(dpy, False);
 424         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 425 }
 426
 427 void
 428 configure(Client *c) {
 429         XConfigureEvent ce;
 430
 431         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 432         ce.display = dpy;
 433         ce.event = c->win;
 434         ce.window = c->win;
 435         ce.x = c->x;
 436         ce.y = c->y;
 437         ce.width = c->w;
 438         ce.height = c->h;
 439         ce.border_width = c->border;
 440         ce.above = None;
 441         ce.override_redirect = False;
 442         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 443 }
 444
 445 void
 446 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 447         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 448         View *v = selview;
 449
 450         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != v->w || ev->height != v->h)) {
 451                 /* TODO -- update Xinerama dimensions here */
 452                 v->w = ev->width;
 453                 v->h = ev->height;
 454                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 455                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(root, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 456                 XResizeWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->w, bh);
 457                 updatebarpos(selview);
 458                 arrange();
 459         }
 460 }
 461
 462 void
 463 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 464         Client *c;
 465         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 466         XWindowChanges wc;
 467
 468         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 469                 View *v = c->view;
 470                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 471                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 472                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == v->layout->arrange)) {
 473                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 474                                 c->x = v->x + ev->x;
 475                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 476                                 c->y = v->y + ev->y;
 477                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 478                                 c->w = ev->width;
 479                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 480                                 c->h = ev->height;
 481                         if((c->x - v->x + c->w) > v->w && c->isfloating)
 482                                 c->x = v->x + (v->w / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 483                         if((c->y - v->y + c->h) > v->h && c->isfloating)
 484                                 c->y = v->y + (v->h / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 485                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 486                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 487                                 configure(c);
 488                         if(isvisible(c))
 489                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 490                 }
 491                 else
 492                         configure(c);
 493         }
 494         else {
 495                 wc.x = ev->x;
 496                 wc.y = ev->y;
 497                 wc.width = ev->width;
 498                 wc.height = ev->height;
 499                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 500                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 501                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 502                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 503         }
 504         XSync(dpy, False);
 505 }
 506
 507 void
 508 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 509         Client *c;
 510         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 511
 512         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 513                 unmanage(c);
 514 }
 515
 516 void
 517 detach(Client *c) {
 518         if(c->prev)
 519                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 520         if(c->next)
 521                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 522         if(c == clients)
 523                 clients = c->next;
 524         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 525 }
 526
 527 void
 528 detachstack(Client *c) {
 529         Client **tc;
 530
 531         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 532         *tc = c->snext;
 533 }
 534
 535 void
 536 drawbar(View *v) {
 537         int i, x;
 538         Client *c;
 539
 540         dc.x = 0;
 541         for(c = stack; c && (!isvisible(c) || c->view != v); c = c->snext);
 542         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 543                 if(&views[vtags[i]] != v)
 544                         continue;
 545                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 546                 if(seltags[i]) {
 547                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 548                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 549                 }
 550                 else {
 551                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 552                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 553                 }
 554                 dc.x += dc.w;
 555         }
 556         dc.w = blw;
 557         drawtext(v->layout->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 558         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 559         if(v == selview) {
 560                 dc.w = textw(stext);
 561                 dc.x = v->w - dc.w;
 562                 if(dc.x < x) {
 563                         dc.x = x;
 564                         dc.w = v->w - x;
 565                 }
 566                 drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 567         }
 568         else
 569                 dc.x = v->w;
 570         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 571                 dc.x = x;
 572                 if(c) {
 573                         drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 574                         drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 575                 }
 576                 else
 577                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 578         }
 579         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, v->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, v->w, bh, 0, 0);
 580         XSync(dpy, False);
 581 }
 582
 583 void
 584 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 585         int x;
 586         XGCValues gcv;
 587         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 588
 589         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 590         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 591         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 592         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 593         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 594         if(filled) {
 595                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 596                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 597         }
 598         else if(empty) {
 599                 r.width = r.height = x;
 600                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 601         }
 602 }
 603
 604 void
 605 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 606         int x, y, w, h;
 607         unsigned int len, olen;
 608         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 609
 610         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 611         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 612         if(!text)
 613                 return;
 614         w = 0;
 615         olen = len = strlen(text);
 616         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 617                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 618         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 619         buf[len] = 0;
 620         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 621         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 622         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 623         /* shorten text if necessary */
 624         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 625                 buf[--len] = 0;
 626         if(len < olen) {
 627                 if(len > 1)
 628                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 629                 if(len > 2)
 630                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 631                 if(len > 3)
 632                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 633         }
 634         if(w > dc.w)
 635                 return; /* too long */
 636         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 637         if(dc.font.set)
 638                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 639         else
 640                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 641 }
 642
 643 void *
 644 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 645         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 646
 647         if(!res)
 648                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 649         return res;
 650 }
 651
 652 void
 653 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 654         Client *c;
 655         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 656
 657         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) {
 658                 if(!isxinerama || ev->window != root)
 659                         return;
 660         }
 661         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 662                 focus(c);
 663         else
 664                 focus(NULL);
 665 }
 666
 667 void
 668 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 669         va_list ap;
 670
 671         va_start(ap, errstr);
 672         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 673         va_end(ap);
 674         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 675 }
 676
 677 void
 678 expose(XEvent *e) {
 679         View *v;
 680         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 681
 682         if(ev->count == 0 && ((v = getviewbar(ev->window))))
 683                 drawbar(v);
 684 }
 685
 686 void
 687 floating(View *v) { /* default floating layout */
 688         Client *c;
 689
 690         domwfact = dozoom = False;
 691         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 692                 if(isvisible(c))
 693                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 694 }
 695
 696 void
 697 focus(Client *c) {
 698         View *v = selview;
 699         if(c)
 700                 selview = c->view;
 701         else
 702                 selview = viewat();
 703         if(selview != v)
 704                 drawbar(v);
 705         if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 706                 for(c = stack; c && (!isvisible(c) || c->view != selview); c = c->snext);
 707         if(sel && sel != c) {
 708                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 709                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 710         }
 711         if(c) {
 712                 detachstack(c);
 713                 attachstack(c);
 714                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 715         }
 716         sel = c;
 717         if(c) {
 718                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 719                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 720                 selview = c->view;
 721         }
 722         else
 723                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 724         drawbar(selview);
 725 }
 726
 727 void
 728 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 729         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 730
 731         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 732                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 733 }
 734
 735 void
 736 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 737         Client *c;
 738
 739         if(!sel)
 740                 return;
 741         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 742         if(!c)
 743                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 744         if(c) {
 745                 focus(c);
 746                 restack(c->view);
 747         }
 748 }
 749
 750 void
 751 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 752         Client *c;
 753
 754         if(!sel)
 755                 return;
 756         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 757         if(!c) {
 758                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 759                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 760         }
 761         if(c) {
 762                 focus(c);
 763                 restack(c->view);
 764         }
 765 }
 766
 767 Client *
 768 getclient(Window w) {
 769         Client *c;
 770
 771         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 772         return c;
 773 }
 774
 775 unsigned long
 776 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 777         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 778         XColor color;
 779
 780         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 781                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 782         return color.pixel;
 783 }
 784
 785 View *
 786 getviewbar(Window barwin) {
 787         unsigned int i;
 788
 789         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++)
 790                 if(views[i].barwin == barwin)
 791                         return &views[i];
 792         return NULL;
 793 }
 794
 795 long
 796 getstate(Window w) {
 797         int format, status;
 798         long result = -1;
 799         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 800         unsigned long n, extra;
 801         Atom real;
 802
 803         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 804                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 805         if(status != Success)
 806                 return -1;
 807         if(n != 0)
 808                 result = *p;
 809         XFree(p);
 810         return result;
 811 }
 812
 813 Bool
 814 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 815         char **list = NULL;
 816         int n;
 817         XTextProperty name;
 818
 819         if(!text || size == 0)
 820                 return False;
 821         text[0] = '\0';
 822         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 823         if(!name.nitems)
 824                 return False;
 825         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 826                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 827         else {
 828                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 829                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 830                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 831                         XFreeStringList(list);
 832                 }
 833         }
 834         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 835         XFree(name.value);
 836         return True;
 837 }
 838
 839 void
 840 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 841         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 842
 843         if(focused) {
 844                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 845                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 846                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 847                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 848                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 849                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 850                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 851                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 852
 853                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 854                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 855                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 856                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 857                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 858                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 859                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 860                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 861
 862                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 863                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 864                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 865                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 866                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 867                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 868                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 869                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 870         }
 871         else
 872                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 873                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 874 }
 875
 876 void
 877 grabkeys(void)  {
 878         unsigned int i, j;
 879         KeyCode code;
 880         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 881
 882         /* init modifier map */
 883         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 884         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 885                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 886                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 887                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
 888                 }
 889         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 890
 891         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 892         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 893                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 894                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 895                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 896                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 897                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 898                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 899                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 900                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 901                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 902         }
 903 }
 904
 905 unsigned int
 906 idxoftag(const char *t) {
 907         unsigned int i;
 908
 909         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
 910         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 911 }
 912
 913 void
 914 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 915         char *def, **missing;
 916         int i, n;
 917
 918         missing = NULL;
 919         if(dc.font.set)
 920                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 921         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 922         if(missing) {
 923                 while(n--)
 924                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 925                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 926         }
 927         if(dc.font.set) {
 928                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 929                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 930                 char **font_names;
 931                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 932                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 933                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 934                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 935                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 936                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 937                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 938                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 939                         xfonts++;
 940                 }
 941         }
 942         else {
 943                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 944                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 945                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 946                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 947                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 948                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 949                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 950                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 951         }
 952         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 953 }
 954
 955 Bool
 956 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 957         Client *c;
 958
 959         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 960                 if(c->tags[t])
 961                         return True;
 962         return False;
 963 }
 964
 965 Bool
 966 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 967         int i, n;
 968         Atom *protocols;
 969         Bool ret = False;
 970
 971         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 972                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 973                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 974                                 ret = True;
 975                 XFree(protocols);
 976         }
 977         return ret;
 978 }
 979
 980 Bool
 981 isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 982         Client *c;
 983
 984         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 985                 if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 986                         return True;
 987         return False;
 988 }
 989
 990 Bool
 991 isvisible(Client *c) {
 992         unsigned int i;
 993
 994         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 995                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 996                         return True;
 997         return False;
 998 }
 999
1000 void
1001 keypress(XEvent *e) {
1002         unsigned int i;
1003         KeySym keysym;
1004         XKeyEvent *ev;
1005
1006         ev = &e->xkey;
1007         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1008         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1009                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1010                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
1011                 {
1012                         if(keys[i].func)
1013                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
1014                 }
1015 }
1016
1017 void
1018 killclient(const char *arg) {
1019         XEvent ev;
1020
1021         if(!sel)
1022                 return;
1023         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
1024                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
1025                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
1026                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1027                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
1028                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1029                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1030                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1031         }
1032         else
1033                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
1034 }
1035
1036 void
1037 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1038         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1039         View *v;
1040         Status rettrans;
1041         Window trans;
1042         XWindowChanges wc;
1043
1044         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1045         c->tags = emallocz(sizeof initags);
1046         c->win = w;
1047
1048         applyrules(c);
1049
1050         v = c->view;
1051
1052         c->x = wa->x + v->x;
1053         c->y = wa->y + v->y;
1054         c->w = wa->width;
1055         c->h = wa->height;
1056         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1057
1058         if(c->w == v->w && c->h == v->h) {
1059                 c->x = v->x;
1060                 c->y = v->y;
1061                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1062         }
1063         else {
1064                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > v->wax + v->waw)
1065                         c->x = v->wax + v->waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1066                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > v->way + v->wah)
1067                         c->y = v->way + v->wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1068                 if(c->x < v->wax)
1069                         c->x = v->wax;
1070                 if(c->y < v->way)
1071                         c->y = v->way;
1072                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1073         }
1074         wc.border_width = c->border;
1075         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1076         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1077         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1078         updatesizehints(c);
1079         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1080         grabbuttons(c, False);
1081         updatetitle(c);
1082         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1083                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1084         if(t)
1085                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof initags);
1086         if(!c->isfloating)
1087                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1088         attach(c);
1089         attachstack(c);
1090         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1091         ban(c);
1092         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1093         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1094         arrange();
1095 }
1096
1097 void
1098 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1099         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1100
1101         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1102         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1103                 grabkeys();
1104 }
1105
1106 void
1107 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1108         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1109         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1110
1111         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1112                 return;
1113         if(wa.override_redirect)
1114                 return;
1115         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1116                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1117 }
1118
1119 void
1120 movemouse(Client *c) {
1121         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1122         unsigned int dui;
1123         View *v;
1124         Window dummy;
1125         XEvent ev;
1126
1127         ocx = nx = c->x;
1128         ocy = ny = c->y;
1129         v = c->view;
1130         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1131                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1132                 return;
1133         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1134         for(;;) {
1135                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1136                 switch (ev.type) {
1137                 case ButtonRelease:
1138                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1139                         return;
1140                 case ConfigureRequest:
1141                 case Expose:
1142                 case MapRequest:
1143                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1144                         break;
1145                 case MotionNotify:
1146                         XSync(dpy, False);
1147                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1148                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1149                         if(abs(v->wax - nx) < SNAP)
1150                                 nx = v->wax;
1151                         else if(abs((v->wax + v->waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1152                                 nx = v->wax + v->waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1153                         if(abs(v->way - ny) < SNAP)
1154                                 ny = v->way;
1155                         else if(abs((v->way + v->wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1156                                 ny = v->way + v->wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1157                         if(!c->isfloating && (v->layout->arrange != floating) && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1158                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1159                         if((v->layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1160                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1161                         break;
1162                 }
1163         }
1164 }
1165
1166 Client *
1167 nexttiled(Client *c, View *v) {
1168         for(; c && (c->isfloating || c->view != v || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1169         return c;
1170 }
1171
1172 void
1173 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1174         Client *c;
1175         Window trans;
1176         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1177
1178         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1179                 return; /* ignore */
1180         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1181                 switch (ev->atom) {
1182                 default: break;
1183                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1184                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1185                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1186                                 arrange();
1187                         break;
1188                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1189                         updatesizehints(c);
1190                         break;
1191                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1192                         updatewmhints(c);
1193                         drawbar(c->view);
1194                         break;
1195                 }
1196                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1197                         updatetitle(c);
1198                         if(c == sel)
1199                                 drawbar(selview);
1200                 }
1201         }
1202 }
1203
1204 void
1205 quit(const char *arg) {
1206         readin = running = False;
1207 }
1208
1209 void
1210 reapply(const char *arg) {
1211         static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1212         Client *c;
1213
1214         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1215                 memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1216                 applyrules(c);
1217         }
1218         arrange();
1219 }
1220
1221 void
1222 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1223         View *v;
1224         XWindowChanges wc;
1225
1226         v = c->view;
1227         if(sizehints) {
1228                 /* set minimum possible */
1229                 if (w < 1)
1230                         w = 1;
1231                 if (h < 1)
1232                         h = 1;
1233
1234                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1235                 w -= c->basew;
1236                 h -= c->baseh;
1237
1238                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1239                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1240                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1241                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1242                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1243                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1244                 }
1245
1246                 /* adjust for increment value */
1247                 if(c->incw)
1248                         w -= w % c->incw;
1249                 if(c->inch)
1250                         h -= h % c->inch;
1251
1252                 /* restore base dimensions */
1253                 w += c->basew;
1254                 h += c->baseh;
1255
1256                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1257                         w = c->minw;
1258                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1259                         h = c->minh;
1260                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1261                         w = c->maxw;
1262                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1263                         h = c->maxh;
1264         }
1265         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1266                 return;
1267         if(x > v->x + v->w)
1268                 x = v->w - w - 2 * c->border;
1269         if(y > v->y + v->h)
1270                 y = v->h - h - 2 * c->border;
1271         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < v->x)
1272                 x = v->x;
1273         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < v->y)
1274                 y = v->y;
1275         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1276                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1277                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1278                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1279                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1280                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1281                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1282                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1283                 configure(c);
1284                 XSync(dpy, False);
1285         }
1286 }
1287
1288 void
1289 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1290         int ocx, ocy;
1291         int nw, nh;
1292         View *v;
1293         XEvent ev;
1294
1295         ocx = c->x;
1296         ocy = c->y;
1297         v = c->view;
1298         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1299                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1300                 return;
1301         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1302         for(;;) {
1303                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1304                 switch(ev.type) {
1305                 case ButtonRelease:
1306                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1307                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1308                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1309                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1310                         return;
1311                 case ConfigureRequest:
1312                 case Expose:
1313                 case MapRequest:
1314                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1315                         break;
1316                 case MotionNotify:
1317                         XSync(dpy, False);
1318                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1319                                 nw = 1;
1320                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1321                                 nh = 1;
1322                         if(!c->isfloating && (v->layout->arrange != floating) && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1323                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1324                         if((v->layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1325                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1326                         break;
1327                 }
1328         }
1329 }
1330
1331 void
1332 restack(View *v) {
1333         Client *c;
1334         XEvent ev;
1335         XWindowChanges wc;
1336
1337         drawbar(v);
1338         if(!sel)
1339                 return;
1340         if(sel->isfloating || (v->layout->arrange == floating))
1341                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1342         if(v->layout->arrange != floating) {
1343                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1344                 wc.sibling = v->barwin;
1345                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1346                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1347                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1348                 }
1349                 for(c = nexttiled(clients, v); c; c = nexttiled(c->next, v)) {
1350                         if(c == sel)
1351                                 continue;
1352                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1353                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1354                 }
1355         }
1356         XSync(dpy, False);
1357         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1358 }
1359
1360 void
1361 run(void) {
1362         char *p;
1363         char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1364         fd_set rd;
1365         int r, xfd;
1366         unsigned int len, offset;
1367         XEvent ev;
1368
1369         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1370         XSync(dpy, False);
1371         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1372         readin = True;
1373         offset = 0;
1374         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1375         sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1376         while(running) {
1377                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1378                 if(readin)
1379                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1380                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1381                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1382                         if(errno == EINTR)
1383                                 continue;
1384                         eprint("select failed\n");
1385                 }
1386                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1387                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1388                         case -1:
1389                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1390                                 readin = False;
1391                                 break;
1392                         case 0:
1393                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1394                                 readin = False;
1395                                 break;
1396                         default:
1397                                 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1398                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1399                                                 *p = '\0';
1400                                                 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1401                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1402                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1403                                                 offset = r;
1404                                                 if(r)
1405                                                         memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1406                                                 break;
1407                                         }
1408                                 break;
1409                         }
1410                         drawbar(selview);
1411                 }
1412                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1413                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1414                         if(handler[ev.type])
1415                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1416                 }
1417         }
1418 }
1419
1420 void
1421 scan(void) {
1422         unsigned int i, num;
1423         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1424         XWindowAttributes wa;
1425
1426         wins = NULL;
1427         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1428                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1429                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1430                                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1431                                 continue;
1432                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1433                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1434                 }
1435                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1436                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1437                                 continue;
1438                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1439                                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1440                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1441                 }
1442         }
1443         if(wins)
1444                 XFree(wins);
1445 }
1446
1447 void
1448 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1449         long data[] = {state, None};
1450
1451         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1452                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1453 }
1454
1455 void
1456 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1457         unsigned int i;
1458         View *v = selview;
1459
1460         if(!arg) {
1461                 v->layout++;
1462                 if(v->layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1463                         v->layout = &layouts[0];
1464         }
1465         else {
1466                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1467                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1468                                 break;
1469                 if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1470                         return;
1471                 v->layout = &layouts[i];
1472         }
1473         if(sel)
1474                 arrange();
1475         else
1476                 drawbar(selview);
1477 }
1478
1479 void
1480 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1481         double delta;
1482         View *v = selview;
1483
1484         if(!domwfact)
1485                 return;
1486         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1487         if(arg == NULL)
1488                 v->mwfact = MWFACT;
1489         else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1490                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1491                         v->mwfact += delta;
1492                 else
1493                         v->mwfact = delta;
1494                 if(v->mwfact < 0.1)
1495                         v->mwfact = 0.1;
1496                 else if(v->mwfact > 0.9)
1497                         v->mwfact = 0.9;
1498         }
1499         arrange();
1500 }
1501
1502 void
1503 setup(void) {
1504         unsigned int i;
1505         View *v;
1506         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1507         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1508
1509         /* init atoms */
1510         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1511         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1512         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1513         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1514         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1515         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1516
1517         /* init cursors */
1518         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1519         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1520         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1521
1522         if((isxinerama = XineramaIsActive(dpy)))
1523                 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nviews);
1524 #if defined(AIM_XINERAMA)
1525 isxinerama = True;
1526 nviews = 2; /* aim Xinerama */
1527 #endif
1528         views = emallocz(nviews * sizeof(View));
1529
1530         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1531         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1532
1533         /* init appearance */
1534         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1535         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1536         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1537         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1538         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1539         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1540         initfont(FONT);
1541         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1542         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1543         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1544         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1545         if(!dc.font.set)
1546                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1547
1548         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1549                 i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1550                 if(i > blw)
1551                         blw = i;
1552         }
1553
1554         seltags = emallocz(sizeof initags);
1555         prevtags = emallocz(sizeof initags);
1556         memcpy(seltags, initags, sizeof initags);
1557         memcpy(prevtags, initags, sizeof initags);
1558
1559         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++) {
1560                 /* init geometry */
1561                 v = &views[i];
1562
1563                 if(nviews != 1 && isxinerama) {
1564
1565 #if defined(AIM_XINERAMA)
1566 v->w = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen) / 2;
1567 v->x = (i == 0) ? 0 : v->w;
1568 v->y = 0;
1569 v->h = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1570 #else
1571                         v->x = info[i].x_org;
1572                         v->y = info[i].y_org;
1573                         v->w = info[i].width;
1574                         v->h = info[i].height;
1575 #endif
1576                 }
1577                 else {
1578                         v->x = 0;
1579                         v->y = 0;
1580                         v->w = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1581                         v->h = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1582                 }
1583
1584                 /* init layouts */
1585                 v->mwfact = MWFACT;
1586                 v->layout = &layouts[0];
1587
1588                 // TODO: bpos per screen?
1589                 bpos = BARPOS;
1590                 wa.override_redirect = 1;
1591                 wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1592                 wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1593
1594                 /* init bars */
1595                 v->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, v->x, v->y, v->w, bh, 0,
1596                                 DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1597                                 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1598                 XDefineCursor(dpy, v->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1599                 updatebarpos(v);
1600                 XMapRaised(dpy, v->barwin);
1601                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1602
1603                 /* EWMH support per view */
1604                 XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1605                                 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1606
1607                 /* select for events */
1608                 wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1609                                 |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1610                 XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1611                 XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1612
1613                 drawbar(v);
1614         }
1615         if(info)
1616                 XFree(info);
1617
1618         selview = viewat();
1619
1620         /* grab keys */
1621         grabkeys();
1622 }
1623
1624 void
1625 spawn(const char *arg) {
1626         static char *shell = NULL;
1627
1628         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1629                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1630         if(!arg)
1631                 return;
1632         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1633          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1634         if(fork() == 0) {
1635                 if(fork() == 0) {
1636                         if(dpy)
1637                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1638                         setsid();
1639                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1640                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1641                         perror(" failed");
1642                 }
1643                 exit(0);
1644         }
1645         wait(0);
1646 }
1647
1648 void
1649 tag(const char *arg) {
1650         unsigned int i;
1651
1652         if(!sel)
1653                 return;
1654         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1655                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1656         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1657         arrange();
1658 }
1659
1660 unsigned int
1661 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1662         XRectangle r;
1663
1664         if(dc.font.set) {
1665                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1666                 return r.width;
1667         }
1668         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1669 }
1670
1671 unsigned int
1672 textw(const char *text) {
1673         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1674 }
1675
1676 void
1677 tile(View *v) {
1678         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1679         Client *c, *mc;
1680
1681         domwfact = dozoom = True;
1682         nx = v->wax;
1683         ny = v->way;
1684         nw = 0;
1685         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients, v); c; c = nexttiled(c->next, v))
1686                 n++;
1687
1688         /* window geoms */
1689         mw = (n == 1) ? v->waw : v->mwfact * v->waw;
1690         th = (n > 1) ? v->wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1691         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1692                 th = v->wah;
1693
1694         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients, v); c; c = nexttiled(c->next, v)) {
1695                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1696                         nx = v->wax;
1697                         ny = v->way;
1698                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1699                         nh = v->wah - 2 * c->border;
1700                 }
1701                 else {  /* tile window */
1702                         if(i == 1) {
1703                                 ny = v->way;
1704                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1705                                 nw = v->waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1706                         }
1707                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1708                                 nh = (v->way + v->wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1709                         else
1710                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1711                 }
1712                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1713                 if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1714                         /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1715                         resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1716                 if(n > 1 && th != v->wah)
1717                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1718                 i++;
1719         }
1720 }
1721
1722 void
1723 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1724         if(bpos == BarOff)
1725                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1726         else
1727                 bpos = BarOff;
1728         updatebarpos(selview);
1729         arrange();
1730 }
1731
1732 void
1733 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1734         if(!sel)
1735                 return;
1736         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1737         if(sel->isfloating)
1738                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1739         arrange();
1740 }
1741
1742 void
1743 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1744         unsigned int i, j;
1745
1746         if(!sel)
1747                 return;
1748         i = idxoftag(arg);
1749         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1750         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1751         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1752                 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1753         arrange();
1754 }
1755
1756 void
1757 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1758         unsigned int i, j;
1759
1760         i = idxoftag(arg);
1761         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1762         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1763         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1764                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1765         arrange();
1766 }
1767
1768 void
1769 unban(Client *c) {
1770         if(!c->isbanned)
1771                 return;
1772         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1773         c->isbanned = False;
1774 }
1775
1776 void
1777 unmanage(Client *c) {
1778         XWindowChanges wc;
1779
1780         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1781         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1782         XGrabServer(dpy);
1783         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1784         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1785         detach(c);
1786         detachstack(c);
1787         if(sel == c)
1788                 focus(NULL);
1789         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1790         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1791         free(c->tags);
1792         free(c);
1793         XSync(dpy, False);
1794         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1795         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1796         arrange();
1797 }
1798
1799 void
1800 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1801         Client *c;
1802         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1803
1804         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1805                 unmanage(c);
1806 }
1807
1808 void
1809 updatebarpos(View *v) {
1810         XEvent ev;
1811
1812         v->wax = v->x;
1813         v->way = v->y;
1814         v->wah = v->h;
1815         v->waw = v->w;
1816         switch(bpos) {
1817         default:
1818                 v->wah -= bh;
1819                 v->way += bh;
1820                 XMoveWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->x, v->y);
1821                 break;
1822         case BarBot:
1823                 v->wah -= bh;
1824                 XMoveWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->x, v->y + v->wah);
1825                 break;
1826         case BarOff:
1827                 XMoveWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->x, v->y - bh);
1828                 break;
1829         }
1830         XSync(dpy, False);
1831         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1832 }
1833
1834 void
1835 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1836         long msize;
1837         XSizeHints size;
1838
1839         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1840                 size.flags = PSize;
1841         c->flags = size.flags;
1842         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1843                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1844                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1845         }
1846         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1847                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1848                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1849         }
1850         else
1851                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1852         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1853                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1854                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1855         }
1856         else
1857                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1858         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1859                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1860                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1861         }
1862         else
1863                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1864         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1865                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1866                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1867         }
1868         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1869                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1870                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1871         }
1872         else
1873                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1874         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1875                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1876                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1877                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1878                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1879         }
1880         else
1881                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1882         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1883                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1884 }
1885
1886 void
1887 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1888         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1889                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1890 }
1891
1892 void
1893 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1894         XWMHints *wmh;
1895
1896         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1897                 c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1898                 XFree(wmh);
1899         }
1900 }
1901
1902 void
1903 view(const char *arg) {
1904         unsigned int i;
1905         Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
1906
1907         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1908                 tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1909         tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1910
1911         if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, sizeof initags) != 0) {
1912                 memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof initags);
1913                 memcpy(seltags, tmp, sizeof initags);
1914                 arrange();
1915         }
1916 }
1917
1918 View *
1919 viewat() {
1920         int i, x, y;
1921         Window win;
1922         unsigned int mask;
1923
1924         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &win, &win, &x, &y, &i, &i, &mask);
1925         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++) {
1926                 if((x >= views[i].x && x < views[i].x + views[i].w)
1927                 && (y >= views[i].y && y < views[i].y + views[i].h))
1928                         return &views[i];
1929         }
1930         return NULL;
1931 }
1932
1933 void
1934 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1935         static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
1936
1937         memcpy(tmp, seltags, sizeof initags);
1938         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof initags);
1939         memcpy(prevtags, tmp, sizeof initags);
1940         arrange();
1941 }
1942
1943 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1944  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1945  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1946 int
1947 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1948         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1949         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1950         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1951         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1952         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1953         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1954         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1955         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1956                 return 0;
1957         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1958                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1959         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1960 }
1961
1962 int
1963 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1964         return 0;
1965 }
1966
1967 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1968  * is already running. */
1969 int
1970 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1971         otherwm = True;
1972         return -1;
1973 }
1974
1975 void
1976 zoom(const char *arg) {
1977         Client *c = sel;
1978
1979         if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1980                 return;
1981         if(c == nexttiled(clients, c->view))
1982                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next, c->view)))
1983                         return;
1984         detach(c);
1985         attach(c);
1986         focus(c);
1987         arrange();
1988 }
1989
1990 int
1991 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1992         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1993                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1994         else if(argc != 1)
1995                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1996
1997         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1998         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1999                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
2000
2001         checkotherwm();
2002         setup();
2003         scan();
2004         run();
2005         cleanup();
2006
2007         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
2008         return 0;
2009 }