dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20  * client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <locale.h>
  28 #include <stdarg.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33 #include <sys/select.h>
  34 #include <sys/types.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42 #ifdef XINERAMA
  43 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  44 #endif
  45
  46 /* macros */
  47 #define MAX(a, b)       ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  48 #define MIN(a, b)       ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  49 #define BUTTONMASK      (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  50 #define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  51 #define LENGTH(x)       (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  52 #define MAXTAGLEN       16
  53 #define MOUSEMASK       (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  54 #define TAGMASK         ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55 #define TEXTW(x)        (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  56 #define ISVISIBLE(x)    (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  57
  58 /* enums */
  59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  63 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66 /* typedefs */
  67 typedef unsigned int uint;
  68 typedef unsigned long ulong;
  69
  70 typedef union {
  71         int i;
  72         uint ui;
  73         float f;
  74         void *v;
  75 } Arg;
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         uint click;
  79         uint mask;
  80         uint button;
  81         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  82         const Arg arg;
  83 } Button;
  84
  85 typedef struct Client Client;
  86 struct Client {
  87         char name[256];
  88         float mina, maxa;
  89         int x, y, w, h;
  90         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  91         int bw, oldbw;
  92         uint tags;
  93         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  94         Client *next;
  95         Client *snext;
  96         Window win;
  97 };
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         int x, y, w, h;
 101         ulong norm[ColLast];
 102         ulong sel[ColLast];
 103         Drawable drawable;
 104         GC gc;
 105         struct {
 106                 int ascent;
 107                 int descent;
 108                 int height;
 109                 XFontSet set;
 110                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 111         } font;
 112 } DC; /* draw context */
 113
 114 typedef struct {
 115         uint mod;
 116         KeySym keysym;
 117         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 118         const Arg arg;
 119 } Key;
 120
 121 typedef struct {
 122         const char *symbol;
 123         void (*arrange)(void);
 124 } Layout;
 125
 126 typedef struct {
 127         const char *class;
 128         const char *instance;
 129         const char *title;
 130         uint tags;
 131         Bool isfloating;
 132 } Rule;
 133
 134 /* function declarations */
 135 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 136 static void arrange(void);
 137 static void attach(Client *c);
 138 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 139 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 140 static void checkotherwm(void);
 141 static void cleanup(void);
 142 static void configure(Client *c);
 143 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 144 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 145 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 146 static void detach(Client *c);
 147 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 148 static void drawbar(void);
 149 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]);
 150 static void drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 151 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 152 static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 153 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 154 static void focus(Client *c);
 155 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 156 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 157 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 158 static ulong getcolor(const char *colstr);
 159 static long getstate(Window w);
 160 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size);
 161 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 162 static void grabkeys(void);
 163 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 164 static Bool isoccupied(uint t);
 165 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 166 static Bool isurgent(uint t);
 167 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 168 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 169 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 170 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 171 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 172 static void monocle(void);
 173 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 174 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 175 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 176 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 177 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 178 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 179 static void restack(void);
 180 static void run(void);
 181 static void scan(void);
 182 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 183 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 184 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 185 static void setup(void);
 186 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 187 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 188 static int textnw(const char *text, uint len);
 189 static void tile(void);
 190 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 191 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 192 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 193 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 194 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 195 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 196 static void updatebar(void);
 197 static void updategeom(void);
 198 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 199 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 200 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 201 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 202 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 205 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 206
 207 /* variables */
 208 static char stext[256];
 209 static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 210 static int by, bh, blw, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 211 static uint seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 212 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 213 static uint numlockmask = 0;
 214 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 215         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 216         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 217         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 218         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 219         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 220         [Expose] = expose,
 221         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 222         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 223         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 224         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 225         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 226         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 227 };
 228 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 229 static Bool otherwm, readin;
 230 static Bool running = True;
 231 static uint tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 232 static Client *clients = NULL;
 233 static Client *sel = NULL;
 234 static Client *stack = NULL;
 235 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 236 static Display *dpy;
 237 static DC dc = {0};
 238 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 239 static Window root, barwin;
 240 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 241 #include "config.h"
 242
 243 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an uint bit array. */
 244 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(uint) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 245
 246 /* function implementations */
 247 void
 248 applyrules(Client *c) {
 249         uint i;
 250         Rule *r;
 251         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 252
 253         /* rule matching */
 254         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 255         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 256                 r = &rules[i];
 257                 if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 258                 && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 259                 && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 260                         c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 261                         c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 262                 }
 263         }
 264         if(ch.res_class)
 265                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 266         if(ch.res_name)
 267                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 268         if(!c->tags)
 269                 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 270 }
 271
 272 void
 273 arrange(void) {
 274         Client *c;
 275
 276         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 277                 if(ISVISIBLE(c)) {
 278                         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
 279                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 280                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 281                 }
 282                 else {
 283                         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 284                 }
 285
 286         focus(NULL);
 287         if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 288                 lt[sellt]->arrange();
 289         restack();
 290 }
 291
 292 void
 293 attach(Client *c) {
 294         c->next = clients;
 295         clients = c;
 296 }
 297
 298 void
 299 attachstack(Client *c) {
 300         c->snext = stack;
 301         stack = c;
 302 }
 303
 304 void
 305 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306         uint i, x, click;
 307         Arg arg = {0};
 308         Client *c;
 309         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 310
 311         click = ClkRootWin;
 312         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 313                 i = x = 0;
 314                 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 315                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 316                         click = ClkTagBar;
 317                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 318                 }
 319                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 320                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 321                 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 322                         click = ClkStatusText;
 323                 else
 324                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 325         }
 326         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 327                 focus(c);
 328                 click = ClkClientWin;
 329         }
 330
 331         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 332                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 333                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 334                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 335 }
 336
 337 void
 338 checkotherwm(void) {
 339         otherwm = False;
 340         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 341
 342         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 343         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 344         XSync(dpy, False);
 345         if(otherwm)
 346                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 347         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 348         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 349         XSync(dpy, False);
 350 }
 351
 352 void
 353 cleanup(void) {
 354         Arg a = {.i = ~0};
 355         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 356
 357         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 358         view(&a);
 359         lt[sellt] = &foo;
 360         while(stack)
 361                 unmanage(stack);
 362         if(dc.font.set)
 363                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 364         else
 365                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 366         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 367         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 368         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 369         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 370         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 371         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 372         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 373         XSync(dpy, False);
 374         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 375 }
 376
 377 void
 378 configure(Client *c) {
 379         XConfigureEvent ce;
 380
 381         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 382         ce.display = dpy;
 383         ce.event = c->win;
 384         ce.window = c->win;
 385         ce.x = c->x;
 386         ce.y = c->y;
 387         ce.width = c->w;
 388         ce.height = c->h;
 389         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 390         ce.above = None;
 391         ce.override_redirect = False;
 392         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 393 }
 394
 395 void
 396 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 397         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 398
 399         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 400                 sw = ev->width;
 401                 sh = ev->height;
 402                 updategeom();
 403                 updatebar();
 404                 arrange();
 405         }
 406 }
 407
 408 void
 409 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 410         Client *c;
 411         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 412         XWindowChanges wc;
 413
 414         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 415                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 416                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 417                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 418                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 419                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 420                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 421                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 422                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 423                                 c->w = ev->width;
 424                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 425                                 c->h = ev->height;
 426                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 427                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 428                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 429                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 430                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 431                                 configure(c);
 432                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 433                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 434                 }
 435                 else
 436                         configure(c);
 437         }
 438         else {
 439                 wc.x = ev->x;
 440                 wc.y = ev->y;
 441                 wc.width = ev->width;
 442                 wc.height = ev->height;
 443                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 444                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 445                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 446                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 447         }
 448         XSync(dpy, False);
 449 }
 450
 451 void
 452 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 453         Client *c;
 454         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 455
 456         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 457                 unmanage(c);
 458 }
 459
 460 void
 461 detach(Client *c) {
 462         Client *i;
 463
 464         if (c != clients) {
 465                 for(i = clients; i->next != c; i = i->next);
 466                 i->next = c->next;
 467         }
 468         else {
 469                 clients = c->next;
 470         }
 471         c->next =  NULL;
 472 }
 473
 474 void
 475 detachstack(Client *c) {
 476         Client **tc;
 477
 478         for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 479         *tc = c->snext;
 480 }
 481
 482 void
 483 drawbar(void) {
 484         int i, x;
 485
 486         dc.x = 0;
 487         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 488                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 489                 if(tagset[seltags] & 1 << i) {
 490                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 491                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 492                 }
 493                 else {
 494                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 495                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 496                 }
 497                 dc.x += dc.w;
 498         }
 499         if(blw > 0) {
 500                 dc.w = blw;
 501                 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 502                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 503         }
 504         else
 505                 x = dc.x;
 506         dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 507         dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 508         if(dc.x < x) {
 509                 dc.x = x;
 510                 dc.w = ww - x;
 511         }
 512         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 513         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 514                 dc.x = x;
 515                 if(sel) {
 516                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 517                         drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 518                 }
 519                 else
 520                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 521         }
 522         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 523         XSync(dpy, False);
 524 }
 525
 526 void
 527 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]) {
 528         int x;
 529         XGCValues gcv;
 530         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 531
 532         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 533         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 534         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 535         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 536         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 537         if(filled) {
 538                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 539                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 540         }
 541         else if(empty) {
 542                 r.width = r.height = x;
 543                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 544         }
 545 }
 546
 547 void
 548 drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 549         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 550         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 551         char buf[256];
 552
 553         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 554         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 555         if(!text)
 556                 return;
 557         olen = strlen(text);
 558         len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 559         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 560         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 561         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 562         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 563         /* shorten text if necessary */
 564         for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 565         if(!len)
 566                 return;
 567         if(len < olen)
 568                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 569         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 570         if(dc.font.set)
 571                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 572         else
 573                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 574 }
 575
 576 void
 577 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 578         Client *c;
 579         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 580
 581         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 582                 return;
 583         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 584                 focus(c);
 585         else
 586                 focus(NULL);
 587 }
 588
 589 void
 590 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 591         va_list ap;
 592
 593         va_start(ap, errstr);
 594         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 595         va_end(ap);
 596         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 597 }
 598
 599 void
 600 expose(XEvent *e) {
 601         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 602
 603         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 604                 drawbar();
 605 }
 606
 607 void
 608 focus(Client *c) {
 609         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 610                 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 611         if(sel && sel != c) {
 612                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 613                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 614         }
 615         if(c) {
 616                 detachstack(c);
 617                 attachstack(c);
 618                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 619                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 620                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 621         }
 622         else
 623                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 624         sel = c;
 625         drawbar();
 626 }
 627
 628 void
 629 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 630         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 631
 632         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 633                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 634 }
 635
 636 void
 637 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 638         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 639
 640         if(!sel)
 641                 return;
 642         if (arg->i > 0) {
 643                 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 644                 if(!c)
 645                         for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 646         }
 647         else {
 648                 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 649                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 650                                 c = i;
 651                 if(!c)
 652                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 653                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 654                                         c = i;
 655         }
 656         if(c) {
 657                 focus(c);
 658                 restack();
 659         }
 660 }
 661
 662 Client *
 663 getclient(Window w) {
 664         Client *c;
 665
 666         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 667         return c;
 668 }
 669
 670 ulong
 671 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 672         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 673         XColor color;
 674
 675         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 676                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 677         return color.pixel;
 678 }
 679
 680 long
 681 getstate(Window w) {
 682         int format, status;
 683         long result = -1;
 684         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 685         ulong n, extra;
 686         Atom real;
 687
 688         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 689                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 690         if(status != Success)
 691                 return -1;
 692         if(n != 0)
 693                 result = *p;
 694         XFree(p);
 695         return result;
 696 }
 697
 698 Bool
 699 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size) {
 700         char **list = NULL;
 701         int n;
 702         XTextProperty name;
 703
 704         if(!text || size == 0)
 705                 return False;
 706         text[0] = '\0';
 707         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 708         if(!name.nitems)
 709                 return False;
 710         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 711                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 712         else {
 713                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 714                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 715                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 716                         XFreeStringList(list);
 717                 }
 718         }
 719         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 720         XFree(name.value);
 721         return True;
 722 }
 723
 724 void
 725 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 726         uint i, j;
 727         uint modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 728
 729         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 730         if(focused) {
 731                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 732                         if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 733                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 734                                         XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 735         } else
 736                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 737                             BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 738 }
 739
 740 void
 741 grabkeys(void) {
 742         uint i, j;
 743         KeyCode code;
 744         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 745
 746         /* init modifier map */
 747         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 748         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 749                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 750                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 751                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
 752                 }
 753         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 754
 755         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 756         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 757                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 758                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 759                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 760                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 761                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 762                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 763                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 764                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 765                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 766         }
 767 }
 768
 769 void
 770 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 771         char *def, **missing;
 772         int i, n;
 773
 774         missing = NULL;
 775         if(dc.font.set)
 776                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 777         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 778         if(missing) {
 779                 while(n--)
 780                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 781                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 782         }
 783         if(dc.font.set) {
 784                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 785                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 786                 char **font_names;
 787                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 788                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 789                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 790                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 791                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 792                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 793                         xfonts++;
 794                 }
 795         }
 796         else {
 797                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 798                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 799                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 800                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 801                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 802                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 803                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 804                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 805         }
 806         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 807 }
 808
 809 Bool
 810 isoccupied(uint t) {
 811         Client *c;
 812
 813         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 814                 if(c->tags & 1 << t)
 815                         return True;
 816         return False;
 817 }
 818
 819 Bool
 820 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 821         int i, n;
 822         Atom *protocols;
 823         Bool ret = False;
 824
 825         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 826                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 827                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 828                                 ret = True;
 829                 XFree(protocols);
 830         }
 831         return ret;
 832 }
 833
 834 Bool
 835 isurgent(uint t) {
 836         Client *c;
 837
 838         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 839                 if(c->isurgent && c->tags & 1 << t)
 840                         return True;
 841         return False;
 842 }
 843
 844 void
 845 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 846         uint i;
 847         KeySym keysym;
 848         XKeyEvent *ev;
 849
 850         ev = &e->xkey;
 851         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 852         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 853                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 854                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 855                    && keys[i].func)
 856                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 857 }
 858
 859 void
 860 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 861         XEvent ev;
 862
 863         if(!sel)
 864                 return;
 865         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 866                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 867                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 868                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 869                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 870                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 871                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 872                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 873         }
 874         else
 875                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 876 }
 877
 878 void
 879 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 880         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 881         Status rettrans;
 882         Window trans;
 883         XWindowChanges wc;
 884
 885         if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 886                 eprint("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 887         c->win = w;
 888
 889         /* geometry */
 890         c->x = wa->x;
 891         c->y = wa->y;
 892         c->w = wa->width;
 893         c->h = wa->height;
 894         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 895         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 896                 c->x = sx;
 897                 c->y = sy;
 898                 c->bw = wa->border_width;
 899         }
 900         else {
 901                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 902                         c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 903                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 904                         c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 905                 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 906                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 907                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 908                 c->bw = borderpx;
 909         }
 910
 911         wc.border_width = c->bw;
 912         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 913         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 914         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 915         updatesizehints(c);
 916         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 917         grabbuttons(c, False);
 918         updatetitle(c);
 919         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
 920                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
 921         if(t)
 922                 c->tags = t->tags;
 923         else
 924                 applyrules(c);
 925         if(!c->isfloating)
 926                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
 927         if(c->isfloating)
 928                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 929         attach(c);
 930         attachstack(c);
 931         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 932         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 933         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 934         arrange();
 935 }
 936
 937 void
 938 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 939         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 940
 941         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 942         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 943                 grabkeys();
 944 }
 945
 946 void
 947 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 948         static XWindowAttributes wa;
 949         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 950
 951         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 952                 return;
 953         if(wa.override_redirect)
 954                 return;
 955         if(!getclient(ev->window))
 956                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
 957 }
 958
 959 void
 960 monocle(void) {
 961         Client *c;
 962
 963         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 964                 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 965 }
 966
 967 void
 968 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 969         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 970         uint dui;
 971         Client *c;
 972         Window dummy;
 973         XEvent ev;
 974
 975         if(!(c = sel))
 976                 return;
 977         restack();
 978         ocx = nx = c->x;
 979         ocy = ny = c->y;
 980         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 981         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 982                 return;
 983         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
 984         for(;;) {
 985                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 986                 switch (ev.type) {
 987                 case ButtonRelease:
 988                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 989                         return;
 990                 case ConfigureRequest:
 991                 case Expose:
 992                 case MapRequest:
 993                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 994                         break;
 995                 case MotionNotify:
 996                         XSync(dpy, False);
 997                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
 998                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
 999                         if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1000                                 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1001                                 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1002                                         nx = wx;
1003                                 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1004                                         nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1005                                 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1006                                         ny = wy;
1007                                 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1008                                         ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1009                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1010                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1011                         }
1012                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1013                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1014                         break;
1015                 }
1016         }
1017 }
1018
1019 Client *
1020 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1021         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1022         return c;
1023 }
1024
1025 void
1026 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1027         Client *c;
1028         Window trans;
1029         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1030
1031         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1032                 return; /* ignore */
1033         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1034                 switch (ev->atom) {
1035                 default: break;
1036                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1037                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1038                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1039                                 arrange();
1040                         break;
1041                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1042                         updatesizehints(c);
1043                         break;
1044                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1045                         updatewmhints(c);
1046                         drawbar();
1047                         break;
1048                 }
1049                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1050                         updatetitle(c);
1051                         if(c == sel)
1052                                 drawbar();
1053                 }
1054         }
1055 }
1056
1057 void
1058 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1059         readin = running = False;
1060 }
1061
1062 void
1063 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1064         XWindowChanges wc;
1065
1066         if(sizehints) {
1067                 /* set minimum possible */
1068                 w = MAX(1, w);
1069                 h = MAX(1, h);
1070
1071                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1072                 w -= c->basew;
1073                 h -= c->baseh;
1074
1075                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1076                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1077                         if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1078                                 w = h * c->maxa;
1079                         else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1080                                 h = w * c->mina;
1081                 }
1082
1083                 /* adjust for increment value */
1084                 if(c->incw)
1085                         w -= w % c->incw;
1086                 if(c->inch)
1087                         h -= h % c->inch;
1088
1089                 /* restore base dimensions */
1090                 w += c->basew;
1091                 h += c->baseh;
1092
1093                 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1094                 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1095
1096                 if(c->maxw)
1097                         w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1098
1099                 if(c->maxh)
1100                         h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1101         }
1102         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1103                 return;
1104         if(x > sx + sw)
1105                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1106         if(y > sy + sh)
1107                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1108         if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1109                 x = sx;
1110         if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1111                 y = sy;
1112         if(h < bh)
1113                 h = bh;
1114         if(w < bh)
1115                 w = bh;
1116         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1117                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1118                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1119                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1120                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1121                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1122                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1123                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1124                 configure(c);
1125                 XSync(dpy, False);
1126         }
1127 }
1128
1129 void
1130 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1131         int ocx, ocy;
1132         int nw, nh;
1133         Client *c;
1134         XEvent ev;
1135
1136         if(!(c = sel))
1137                 return;
1138         restack();
1139         ocx = c->x;
1140         ocy = c->y;
1141         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1142         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1143                 return;
1144         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1145         for(;;) {
1146                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1147                 switch(ev.type) {
1148                 case ButtonRelease:
1149                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1150                                         c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1151                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1152                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1153                         return;
1154                 case ConfigureRequest:
1155                 case Expose:
1156                 case MapRequest:
1157                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1158                         break;
1159                 case MotionNotify:
1160                         XSync(dpy, False);
1161                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1162                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1163
1164                         if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1165                                 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1166                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1167                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1168                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1169                         }
1170                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1171                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1172                         break;
1173                 }
1174         }
1175 }
1176
1177 void
1178 restack(void) {
1179         Client *c;
1180         XEvent ev;
1181         XWindowChanges wc;
1182
1183         drawbar();
1184         if(!sel)
1185                 return;
1186         if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1187                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1188         if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1189                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1190                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1191                 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1192                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1193                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1194                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1195                         }
1196         }
1197         XSync(dpy, False);
1198         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1199 }
1200
1201 void
1202 run(void) {
1203         char *p;
1204         char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1205         fd_set rd;
1206         int r, xfd;
1207         uint len, offset;
1208         XEvent ev;
1209
1210         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1211         XSync(dpy, False);
1212         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1213         readin = True;
1214         offset = 0;
1215         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1216         sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1217         while(running) {
1218                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1219                 if(readin)
1220                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1221                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1222                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1223                         if(errno == EINTR)
1224                                 continue;
1225                         eprint("select failed\n");
1226                 }
1227                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1228                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1229                         case -1:
1230                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1231                                 readin = False;
1232                                 break;
1233                         case 0:
1234                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1235                                 readin = False;
1236                                 break;
1237                         default:
1238                                 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1239                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1240                                                 *p = '\0';
1241                                                 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1242                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1243                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1244                                                 offset = r;
1245                                                 if(r)
1246                                                         memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1247                                                 break;
1248                                         }
1249                                 break;
1250                         }
1251                         drawbar();
1252                 }
1253                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1254                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1255                         if(handler[ev.type])
1256                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1257                 }
1258         }
1259 }
1260
1261 void
1262 scan(void) {
1263         uint i, num;
1264         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1265         XWindowAttributes wa;
1266
1267         wins = NULL;
1268         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1269                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1270                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1271                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1272                                 continue;
1273                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1274                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1275                 }
1276                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1277                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1278                                 continue;
1279                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1280                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1281                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1282                 }
1283         }
1284         if(wins)
1285                 XFree(wins);
1286 }
1287
1288 void
1289 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1290         long data[] = {state, None};
1291
1292         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1293                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1294 }
1295
1296 void
1297 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1298         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1299                 sellt ^= 1;
1300         if(arg && arg->v)
1301                 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1302         if(sel)
1303                 arrange();
1304         else
1305                 drawbar();
1306 }
1307
1308 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1309 void
1310 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1311         float f;
1312
1313         if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1314                 return;
1315         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1316         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1317                 return;
1318         mfact = f;
1319         arrange();
1320 }
1321
1322 void
1323 setup(void) {
1324         uint i;
1325         int w;
1326         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1327
1328         /* init screen */
1329         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1330         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1331         initfont(font);
1332         sx = 0;
1333         sy = 0;
1334         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1335         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1336         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1337         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1338         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1339         updategeom();
1340
1341         /* init atoms */
1342         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1343         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1344         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1345         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1346         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1347         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1348
1349         /* init cursors */
1350         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1351         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1352         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1353
1354         /* init appearance */
1355         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1356         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1357         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1358         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1359         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1360         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1361         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1362         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1363         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1364         if(!dc.font.set)
1365                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1366
1367         /* init bar */
1368         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1369                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1370                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1371         }
1372
1373         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1374         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1375         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1376
1377         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1378                         CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1379                         CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1380         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1381         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1382         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1383         drawbar();
1384
1385         /* EWMH support per view */
1386         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1387                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1388
1389         /* select for events */
1390         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1391                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1392         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1393         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1394
1395
1396         /* grab keys */
1397         grabkeys();
1398 }
1399
1400 void
1401 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1402         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1403          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1404         if(fork() == 0) {
1405                 if(fork() == 0) {
1406                         if(dpy)
1407                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1408                         setsid();
1409                         execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1410                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1411                         perror(" failed");
1412                 }
1413                 exit(0);
1414         }
1415         wait(0);
1416 }
1417
1418 void
1419 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1420         if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1421                 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1422                 arrange();
1423         }
1424 }
1425
1426 int
1427 textnw(const char *text, uint len) {
1428         XRectangle r;
1429
1430         if(dc.font.set) {
1431                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1432                 return r.width;
1433         }
1434         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1435 }
1436
1437 void
1438 tile(void) {
1439         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1440         uint i, n;
1441         Client *c;
1442
1443         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1444         if(n == 0)
1445                 return;
1446
1447         /* master */
1448         c = nexttiled(clients);
1449         mw = mfact * ww;
1450         resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1451
1452         if(--n == 0)
1453                 return;
1454
1455         /* tile stack */
1456         x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1457         y = wy;
1458         w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1459         h = wh / n;
1460         if(h < bh)
1461                 h = wh;
1462
1463         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1464                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1465                        ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1466                 if(h != wh)
1467                         y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1468         }
1469 }
1470
1471 void
1472 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1473         showbar = !showbar;
1474         updategeom();
1475         updatebar();
1476         arrange();
1477 }
1478
1479 void
1480 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1481         if(!sel)
1482                 return;
1483         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1484         if(sel->isfloating)
1485                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1486         arrange();
1487 }
1488
1489 void
1490 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1491         uint mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1492
1493         if(sel && mask) {
1494                 sel->tags = mask;
1495                 arrange();
1496         }
1497 }
1498
1499 void
1500 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1501         uint mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1502
1503         if(mask) {
1504                 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1505                 arrange();
1506         }
1507 }
1508
1509 void
1510 unmanage(Client *c) {
1511         XWindowChanges wc;
1512
1513         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1514         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1515         XGrabServer(dpy);
1516         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1517         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1518         detach(c);
1519         detachstack(c);
1520         if(sel == c)
1521                 focus(NULL);
1522         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1523         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1524         free(c);
1525         XSync(dpy, False);
1526         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1527         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1528         arrange();
1529 }
1530
1531 void
1532 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1533         Client *c;
1534         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1535
1536         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1537                 unmanage(c);
1538 }
1539
1540 void
1541 updatebar(void) {
1542         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1543                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1544         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1545         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1546 }
1547
1548 void
1549 updategeom(void) {
1550 #ifdef XINERAMA
1551         int i;
1552         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1553
1554         /* window area geometry */
1555         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1556                 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &i);
1557                 wx = info[xidx].x_org;
1558                 wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[xidx].y_org + bh : info[xidx].y_org;
1559                 ww = info[xidx].width;
1560                 wh = showbar ? info[xidx].height - bh : info[xidx].height;
1561                 XFree(info);
1562         }
1563         else
1564 #endif
1565         {
1566                 wx = sx;
1567                 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1568                 ww = sw;
1569                 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1570         }
1571
1572         /* bar position */
1573         by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1574 }
1575
1576 void
1577 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1578         long msize;
1579         XSizeHints size;
1580
1581         XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1582         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1583                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1584                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1585         }
1586         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1587                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1588                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1589         }
1590         else
1591                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1592         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1593                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1594                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1595         }
1596         else
1597                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1598         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1599                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1600                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1601         }
1602         else
1603                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1604         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1605                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1606                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1607         }
1608         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1609                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1610                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1611         }
1612         else
1613                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1614         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1615                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1616                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1617         }
1618         else
1619                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1620         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1621                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1622 }
1623
1624 void
1625 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1626         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1627                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1628 }
1629
1630 void
1631 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1632         XWMHints *wmh;
1633
1634         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1635                 if(c == sel)
1636                         sel->isurgent = False;
1637                 else
1638                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1639                 XFree(wmh);
1640         }
1641 }
1642
1643 void
1644 view(const Arg *arg) {
1645         if(arg && (arg->i & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1646                 return;
1647         seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1648         if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1649                 tagset[seltags] = arg->i & TAGMASK;
1650         arrange();
1651 }
1652
1653 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1654  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1655  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1656 int
1657 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1658         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1659         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1660         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1662         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1663         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1664         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1665         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1666         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1667                 return 0;
1668         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1669                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1670         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1671 }
1672
1673 int
1674 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1675         return 0;
1676 }
1677
1678 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1679  * is already running. */
1680 int
1681 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1682         otherwm = True;
1683         return -1;
1684 }
1685
1686 void
1687 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1688         Client *c = sel;
1689
1690         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1691                 return;
1692         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1693                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1694                         return;
1695         detach(c);
1696         attach(c);
1697         focus(c);
1698         arrange();
1699 }
1700
1701 int
1702 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1703         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1704                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1705         else if(argc != 1)
1706                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1707
1708         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1709                 fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1710
1711         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1712                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1713
1714         checkotherwm();
1715         setup();
1716         scan();
1717         run();
1718         cleanup();
1719
1720         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1721         return 0;
1722 }