dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11  * in O(1) time.
  12  *
  13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  15  * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  16  * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17  * client.
  18  *
  19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20  *
  21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22  */
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <locale.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <stdio.h>
  27 #include <stdlib.h>
  28 #include <string.h>
  29 #include <unistd.h>
  30 #include <sys/types.h>
  31 #include <sys/wait.h>
  32 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  33 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  34 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  35 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  36 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  38 #ifdef XINERAMA
  39 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  40 #endif
  41
  42 /* macros */
  43 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  44 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  45 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  46 #define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  47 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  48 #define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  49 #define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  50 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  51 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  52 #define WIDTH(x)                ((x)->w + 2 * (x)->bw)
  53 #define HEIGHT(x)               ((x)->h + 2 * (x)->bw)
  54 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55 #define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57 /* enums */
  58 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  62 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65 typedef union {
  66         int i;
  67         unsigned int ui;
  68         float f;
  69         void *v;
  70 } Arg;
  71
  72 typedef struct {
  73         unsigned int click;
  74         unsigned int mask;
  75         unsigned int button;
  76         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  77         const Arg arg;
  78 } Button;
  79
  80 typedef struct Client Client;
  81 struct Client {
  82         char name[256];
  83         float mina, maxa;
  84         int x, y, w, h;
  85         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  86         int bw, oldbw;
  87         unsigned int tags;
  88         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  89         Client *next;
  90         Client *snext;
  91         Window win;
  92 };
  93
  94 typedef struct {
  95         int x, y, w, h;
  96         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  97         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  98         Drawable drawable;
  99         GC gc;
 100         struct {
 101                 int ascent;
 102                 int descent;
 103                 int height;
 104                 XFontSet set;
 105                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 106         } font;
 107 } DC; /* draw context */
 108
 109 typedef struct {
 110         unsigned int mod;
 111         KeySym keysym;
 112         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 113         const Arg arg;
 114 } Key;
 115
 116 typedef struct {
 117         const char *symbol;
 118         void (*arrange)(void);
 119 } Layout;
 120
 121 typedef struct {
 122         const char *class;
 123         const char *instance;
 124         const char *title;
 125         unsigned int tags;
 126         Bool isfloating;
 127 } Rule;
 128
 129 /* function declarations */
 130 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 131 static void arrange(void);
 132 static void attach(Client *c);
 133 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 134 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 135 static void checkotherwm(void);
 136 static void cleanup(void);
 137 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 138 static void configure(Client *c);
 139 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 140 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 141 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 142 static void detach(Client *c);
 143 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 144 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 145 static void drawbar(void);
 146 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 147 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 148 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 149 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 150 static void focus(Client *c);
 151 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 152 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 153 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 154 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 155 static long getstate(Window w);
 156 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 157 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 158 static void grabkeys(void);
 159 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 160 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 161 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 162 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 163 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 164 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 165 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 166 static void monocle(void);
 167 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 168 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 169 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 170 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 171 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 172 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 173 static void restack(void);
 174 static void run(void);
 175 static void scan(void);
 176 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 177 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 178 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 179 static void setup(void);
 180 static void showhide(Client *c);
 181 static void sigchld(int signal);
 182 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 183 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 184 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 185 static void tile(void);
 186 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 187 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 188 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 189 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 190 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 191 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 192 static void updatebar(void);
 193 static void updategeom(void);
 194 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 195 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 196 static void updatestatus(void);
 197 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 198 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 199 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 200 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 201 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 202 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 204
 205 /* variables */
 206 static char stext[256];
 207 static int screen;
 208 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 209 static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 210 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 211 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 212 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 213 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 214 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 215         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 216         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 217         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 218         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 219         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 220         [Expose] = expose,
 221         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 222         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 223         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 224         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 225         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 226         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 227 };
 228 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 229 static Bool otherwm;
 230 static Bool running = True;
 231 static Client *clients = NULL;
 232 static Client *sel = NULL;
 233 static Client *stack = NULL;
 234 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 235 static Display *dpy;
 236 static DC dc;
 237 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 238 static Window root, barwin;
 239 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 240 #include "config.h"
 241
 242 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 243 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 244
 245 /* function implementations */
 246 void
 247 applyrules(Client *c) {
 248         unsigned int i;
 249         Rule *r;
 250         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 251
 252         /* rule matching */
 253         if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 254                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 255                         r = &rules[i];
 256                         if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 257                         && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 258                         && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 259                                 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 260                                 c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 261                         }
 262                 }
 263                 if(ch.res_class)
 264                         XFree(ch.res_class);
 265                 if(ch.res_name)
 266                         XFree(ch.res_name);
 267         }
 268         if(!c->tags)
 269                 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 270 }
 271
 272 void
 273 arrange(void) {
 274         showhide(stack);
 275         focus(NULL);
 276         if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 277                 lt[sellt]->arrange();
 278         restack();
 279 }
 280
 281 void
 282 attach(Client *c) {
 283         c->next = clients;
 284         clients = c;
 285 }
 286
 287 void
 288 attachstack(Client *c) {
 289         c->snext = stack;
 290         stack = c;
 291 }
 292
 293 void
 294 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 295         unsigned int i, x, click;
 296         Arg arg = {0};
 297         Client *c;
 298         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 299
 300         click = ClkRootWin;
 301         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 302                 i = x = 0;
 303                 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 304                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 305                         click = ClkTagBar;
 306                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 307                 }
 308                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 309                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 310                 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 311                         click = ClkStatusText;
 312                 else
 313                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 314         }
 315         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 316                 focus(c);
 317                 click = ClkClientWin;
 318         }
 319
 320         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 321                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 322                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 323                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 324 }
 325
 326 void
 327 checkotherwm(void) {
 328         otherwm = False;
 329         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 330
 331         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 332         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 333         XSync(dpy, False);
 334         if(otherwm)
 335                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 336         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 337         XSync(dpy, False);
 338 }
 339
 340 void
 341 cleanup(void) {
 342         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 343         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 344
 345         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 346         view(&a);
 347         lt[sellt] = &foo;
 348         while(stack)
 349                 unmanage(stack);
 350         if(dc.font.set)
 351                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 352         else
 353                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 354         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 355         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 356         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 357         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 358         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 359         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 360         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 361         XSync(dpy, False);
 362         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 363 }
 364
 365 void
 366 clearurgent(Client *c) {
 367         XWMHints *wmh;
 368
 369         c->isurgent = False;
 370         if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 371                 return;
 372         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 373         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 374         XFree(wmh);
 375 }
 376
 377 void
 378 configure(Client *c) {
 379         XConfigureEvent ce;
 380
 381         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 382         ce.display = dpy;
 383         ce.event = c->win;
 384         ce.window = c->win;
 385         ce.x = c->x;
 386         ce.y = c->y;
 387         ce.width = c->w;
 388         ce.height = c->h;
 389         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 390         ce.above = None;
 391         ce.override_redirect = False;
 392         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 393 }
 394
 395 void
 396 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 397         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 398
 399         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 400                 sw = ev->width;
 401                 sh = ev->height;
 402                 updategeom();
 403                 updatebar();
 404                 arrange();
 405         }
 406 }
 407
 408 void
 409 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 410         Client *c;
 411         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 412         XWindowChanges wc;
 413
 414         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 415                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 416                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 417                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 418                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 419                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 420                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 421                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 422                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 423                                 c->w = ev->width;
 424                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 425                                 c->h = ev->height;
 426                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 427                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 428                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 429                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 430                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 431                                 configure(c);
 432                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 433                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 434                 }
 435                 else
 436                         configure(c);
 437         }
 438         else {
 439                 wc.x = ev->x;
 440                 wc.y = ev->y;
 441                 wc.width = ev->width;
 442                 wc.height = ev->height;
 443                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 444                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 445                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 446                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 447         }
 448         XSync(dpy, False);
 449 }
 450
 451 void
 452 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 453         Client *c;
 454         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 455
 456         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 457                 unmanage(c);
 458 }
 459
 460 void
 461 detach(Client *c) {
 462         Client **tc;
 463
 464         for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 465         *tc = c->next;
 466 }
 467
 468 void
 469 detachstack(Client *c) {
 470         Client **tc;
 471
 472         for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 473         *tc = c->snext;
 474 }
 475
 476 void
 477 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 478         va_list ap;
 479
 480         va_start(ap, errstr);
 481         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 482         va_end(ap);
 483         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 484 }
 485
 486 void
 487 drawbar(void) {
 488         int x;
 489         unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 490         unsigned long *col;
 491         Client *c;
 492
 493         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 494                 occ |= c->tags;
 495                 if(c->isurgent)
 496                         urg |= c->tags;
 497         }
 498
 499         dc.x = 0;
 500         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 501                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 502                 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 503                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 504                 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 505                 dc.x += dc.w;
 506         }
 507         if(blw > 0) {
 508                 dc.w = blw;
 509                 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 510                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 511         }
 512         else
 513                 x = dc.x;
 514         dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 515         dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 516         if(dc.x < x) {
 517                 dc.x = x;
 518                 dc.w = ww - x;
 519         }
 520         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 521         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 522                 dc.x = x;
 523                 if(sel) {
 524                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 525                         drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 526                 }
 527                 else
 528                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 529         }
 530         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 531         XSync(dpy, False);
 532 }
 533
 534 void
 535 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 536         int x;
 537         XGCValues gcv;
 538         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 539
 540         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 541         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 542         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 543         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 544         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 545         if(filled) {
 546                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 547                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 548         }
 549         else if(empty) {
 550                 r.width = r.height = x;
 551                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 552         }
 553 }
 554
 555 void
 556 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 557         char buf[256];
 558         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 559         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 560
 561         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 562         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 563         if(!text)
 564                 return;
 565         olen = strlen(text);
 566         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 567         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 568         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 569         /* shorten text if necessary */
 570         for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 571         if(!len)
 572                 return;
 573         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 574         if(len < olen)
 575                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 576         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 577         if(dc.font.set)
 578                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 579         else
 580                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 581 }
 582
 583 void
 584 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 585         Client *c;
 586         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 587
 588         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 589                 return;
 590         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 591                 focus(c);
 592         else
 593                 focus(NULL);
 594 }
 595
 596 void
 597 expose(XEvent *e) {
 598         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 599
 600         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 601                 drawbar();
 602 }
 603
 604 void
 605 focus(Client *c) {
 606         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 607                 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 608         if(sel && sel != c) {
 609                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 610                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 611         }
 612         if(c) {
 613                 if(c->isurgent)
 614                         clearurgent(c);
 615                 detachstack(c);
 616                 attachstack(c);
 617                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 618                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 619                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 620         }
 621         else
 622                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 623         sel = c;
 624         drawbar();
 625 }
 626
 627 void
 628 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 629         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 630
 631         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 632                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 633 }
 634
 635 void
 636 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 637         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 638
 639         if(!sel)
 640                 return;
 641         if (arg->i > 0) {
 642                 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 643                 if(!c)
 644                         for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 645         }
 646         else {
 647                 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 648                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 649                                 c = i;
 650                 if(!c)
 651                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 652                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 653                                         c = i;
 654         }
 655         if(c) {
 656                 focus(c);
 657                 restack();
 658         }
 659 }
 660
 661 Client *
 662 getclient(Window w) {
 663         Client *c;
 664
 665         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 666         return c;
 667 }
 668
 669 unsigned long
 670 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 671         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 672         XColor color;
 673
 674         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 675                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 676         return color.pixel;
 677 }
 678
 679 long
 680 getstate(Window w) {
 681         int format, status;
 682         long result = -1;
 683         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 684         unsigned long n, extra;
 685         Atom real;
 686
 687         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 688                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 689         if(status != Success)
 690                 return -1;
 691         if(n != 0)
 692                 result = *p;
 693         XFree(p);
 694         return result;
 695 }
 696
 697 Bool
 698 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 699         char **list = NULL;
 700         int n;
 701         XTextProperty name;
 702
 703         if(!text || size == 0)
 704                 return False;
 705         text[0] = '\0';
 706         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 707         if(!name.nitems)
 708                 return False;
 709         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 710                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 711         else {
 712                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 713                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 714                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 715                         XFreeStringList(list);
 716                 }
 717         }
 718         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 719         XFree(name.value);
 720         return True;
 721 }
 722
 723 void
 724 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 725         updatenumlockmask();
 726         {
 727                 unsigned int i, j;
 728                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 729                 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 730                 if(focused) {
 731                         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 732                                 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 733                                         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 734                                                 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 735                 } else
 736                         XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 737                                     BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 738         }
 739 }
 740
 741 void
 742 grabkeys(void) {
 743         updatenumlockmask();
 744         { /* grab keys */
 745                 unsigned int i, j;
 746                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 747                 KeyCode code;
 748
 749                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 750                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 751                         if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 752                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 753                                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 754                                                  True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 755                 }
 756         }
 757 }
 758
 759 void
 760 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 761         char *def, **missing;
 762         int i, n;
 763
 764         missing = NULL;
 765         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 766         if(missing) {
 767                 while(n--)
 768                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 769                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 770         }
 771         if(dc.font.set) {
 772                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 773                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 774                 char **font_names;
 775                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 776                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 777                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 778                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 779                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 780                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 781                         xfonts++;
 782                 }
 783         }
 784         else {
 785                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 786                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 787                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 788                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 789                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 790         }
 791         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 792 }
 793
 794 Bool
 795 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 796         int i, n;
 797         Atom *protocols;
 798         Bool ret = False;
 799
 800         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 801                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 802                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 803                                 ret = True;
 804                 XFree(protocols);
 805         }
 806         return ret;
 807 }
 808
 809 void
 810 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 811         unsigned int i;
 812         KeySym keysym;
 813         XKeyEvent *ev;
 814
 815         ev = &e->xkey;
 816         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 817         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 818                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 819                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 820                    && keys[i].func)
 821                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 822 }
 823
 824 void
 825 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 826         XEvent ev;
 827
 828         if(!sel)
 829                 return;
 830         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 831                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 832                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 833                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 834                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 835                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 836                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 837                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 838         }
 839         else
 840                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 841 }
 842
 843 void
 844 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 845         static Client cz;
 846         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 847         Window trans = None;
 848         XWindowChanges wc;
 849
 850         if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
 851                 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 852         *c = cz;
 853         c->win = w;
 854
 855         /* geometry */
 856         c->x = wa->x;
 857         c->y = wa->y;
 858         c->w = wa->width;
 859         c->h = wa->height;
 860         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 861         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 862                 c->x = sx;
 863                 c->y = sy;
 864                 c->bw = 0;
 865         }
 866         else {
 867                 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
 868                         c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
 869                 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
 870                         c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
 871                 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 872                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 873                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 874                 c->bw = borderpx;
 875         }
 876
 877         wc.border_width = c->bw;
 878         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 879         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 880         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 881         updatesizehints(c);
 882         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 883         grabbuttons(c, False);
 884         updatetitle(c);
 885         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 886                 t = getclient(trans);
 887         if(t)
 888                 c->tags = t->tags;
 889         else
 890                 applyrules(c);
 891         if(!c->isfloating)
 892                 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
 893         if(c->isfloating)
 894                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 895         attach(c);
 896         attachstack(c);
 897         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 898         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 899         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 900         arrange();
 901 }
 902
 903 void
 904 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 905         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 906
 907         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 908         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 909                 grabkeys();
 910 }
 911
 912 void
 913 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 914         static XWindowAttributes wa;
 915         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 916
 917         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 918                 return;
 919         if(wa.override_redirect)
 920                 return;
 921         if(!getclient(ev->window))
 922                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
 923 }
 924
 925 void
 926 monocle(void) {
 927         Client *c;
 928
 929         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 930                 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 931 }
 932
 933 void
 934 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 935         int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 936         unsigned int dui;
 937         Client *c;
 938         Window dummy;
 939         XEvent ev;
 940
 941         if(!(c = sel))
 942                 return;
 943         restack();
 944         ocx = c->x;
 945         ocy = c->y;
 946         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 947         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 948                 return;
 949         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 950         if(usegrab)
 951                 XGrabServer(dpy);
 952         do {
 953                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 954                 switch (ev.type) {
 955                 case ConfigureRequest:
 956                 case Expose:
 957                 case MapRequest:
 958                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 959                         break;
 960                 case MotionNotify:
 961                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 962                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 963                         if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 964                                 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 965                                 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 966                                         nx = wx;
 967                                 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
 968                                         nx = wx + ww - WIDTH(c);
 969                                 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 970                                         ny = wy;
 971                                 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
 972                                         ny = wy + wh - HEIGHT(c);
 973                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 974                                         togglefloating(NULL);
 975                         }
 976                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 977                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
 978                         break;
 979                 }
 980         }
 981         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
 982         if(usegrab)
 983                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
 984         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 985 }
 986
 987 Client *
 988 nexttiled(Client *c) {
 989         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
 990         return c;
 991 }
 992
 993 void
 994 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
 995         Client *c;
 996         Window trans;
 997         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
 998
 999         if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom = XA_WM_NAME))
1000                 updatestatus();
1001         else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1002                 return; /* ignore */
1003         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1004                 switch (ev->atom) {
1005                 default: break;
1006                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1007                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1008                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1009                                 arrange();
1010                         break;
1011                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1012                         updatesizehints(c);
1013                         break;
1014                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1015                         updatewmhints(c);
1016                         drawbar();
1017                         break;
1018                 }
1019                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1020                         updatetitle(c);
1021                         if(c == sel)
1022                                 drawbar();
1023                 }
1024         }
1025 }
1026
1027 void
1028 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1029         running = False;
1030 }
1031
1032 void
1033 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1034         XWindowChanges wc;
1035
1036         if(sizehints) {
1037                 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
1038                 Bool baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
1039
1040                 /* set minimum possible */
1041                 w = MAX(1, w);
1042                 h = MAX(1, h);
1043
1044                 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1045                         w -= c->basew;
1046                         h -= c->baseh;
1047                 }
1048
1049                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1050                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1051                         if(c->maxa < (float)w / h)
1052                                 w = h * c->maxa;
1053                         else if(c->mina < (float)h / w)
1054                                 h = w * c->mina;
1055                 }
1056
1057                 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
1058                         w -= c->basew;
1059                         h -= c->baseh;
1060                 }
1061
1062                 /* adjust for increment value */
1063                 if(c->incw)
1064                         w -= w % c->incw;
1065                 if(c->inch)
1066                         h -= h % c->inch;
1067
1068                 /* restore base dimensions */
1069                 w += c->basew;
1070                 h += c->baseh;
1071
1072                 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1073                 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1074
1075                 if(c->maxw)
1076                         w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1077
1078                 if(c->maxh)
1079                         h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1080         }
1081         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1082                 return;
1083         if(x > sx + sw)
1084                 x = sw - WIDTH(c);
1085         if(y > sy + sh)
1086                 y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
1087         if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1088                 x = sx;
1089         if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1090                 y = sy;
1091         if(h < bh)
1092                 h = bh;
1093         if(w < bh)
1094                 w = bh;
1095         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1096                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1097                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1098                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1099                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1100                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1101                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1102                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1103                 configure(c);
1104                 XSync(dpy, False);
1105         }
1106 }
1107
1108 void
1109 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1110         int ocx, ocy;
1111         int nw, nh;
1112         Client *c;
1113         XEvent ev;
1114
1115         if(!(c = sel))
1116                 return;
1117         restack();
1118         ocx = c->x;
1119         ocy = c->y;
1120         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1121         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1122                 return;
1123         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1124         if(usegrab)
1125                 XGrabServer(dpy);
1126         do {
1127                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1128                 switch(ev.type) {
1129                 case ConfigureRequest:
1130                 case Expose:
1131                 case MapRequest:
1132                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1133                         break;
1134                 case MotionNotify:
1135                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2*c->bw + 1, 1);
1136                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2*c->bw + 1, 1);
1137
1138                         if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1139                                 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1140                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1141                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1142                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1143                         }
1144                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1145                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1146                         break;
1147                 }
1148         }
1149         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1150         if(usegrab)
1151                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
1152         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1153         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1154         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1155 }
1156
1157 void
1158 restack(void) {
1159         Client *c;
1160         XEvent ev;
1161         XWindowChanges wc;
1162
1163         drawbar();
1164         if(!sel)
1165                 return;
1166         if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1167                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1168         if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1169                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1170                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1171                 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1172                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1173                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1174                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1175                         }
1176         }
1177         XSync(dpy, False);
1178         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1179 }
1180
1181 void
1182 run(void) {
1183         XEvent ev;
1184
1185         /* main event loop */
1186         XSync(dpy, False);
1187         while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1188                 if(handler[ev.type])
1189                         (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1190         }
1191 }
1192
1193 void
1194 scan(void) {
1195         unsigned int i, num;
1196         Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1197         XWindowAttributes wa;
1198
1199         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1200                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1201                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1202                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1203                                 continue;
1204                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1205                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1206                 }
1207                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1208                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1209                                 continue;
1210                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1211                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1212                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1213                 }
1214                 if(wins)
1215                         XFree(wins);
1216         }
1217 }
1218
1219 void
1220 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1221         long data[] = {state, None};
1222
1223         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1224                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1225 }
1226
1227 void
1228 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1229         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1230                 sellt ^= 1;
1231         if(arg && arg->v)
1232                 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1233         if(sel)
1234                 arrange();
1235         else
1236                 drawbar();
1237 }
1238
1239 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1240 void
1241 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1242         float f;
1243
1244         if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1245                 return;
1246         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1247         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1248                 return;
1249         mfact = f;
1250         arrange();
1251 }
1252
1253 void
1254 setup(void) {
1255         unsigned int i;
1256         int w;
1257         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1258
1259         /* init screen */
1260         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1261         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1262         initfont(font);
1263         sx = 0;
1264         sy = 0;
1265         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1266         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1267         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1268         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1269         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1270         updategeom();
1271
1272         /* init atoms */
1273         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1274         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1275         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1276         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1277         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1278
1279         /* init cursors */
1280         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1281         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1282         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1283
1284         /* init appearance */
1285         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1286         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1287         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1288         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1289         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1290         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1291         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1292         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1293         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1294         if(!dc.font.set)
1295                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1296
1297         /* init bar */
1298         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1299                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1300                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1301         }
1302
1303         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1304         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1305         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1306
1307         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1308                         CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1309                         CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1310         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1311         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1312         updatestatus();
1313
1314         /* EWMH support per view */
1315         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1316                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1317
1318         /* select for events */
1319         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1320                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1321                         |PropertyChangeMask;
1322         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1323         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1324
1325         grabkeys();
1326 }
1327
1328 void
1329 showhide(Client *c) {
1330         if(!c)
1331                 return;
1332         if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1333                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1334                 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1335                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1336                 showhide(c->snext);
1337         }
1338         else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1339                 showhide(c->snext);
1340                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1341         }
1342 }
1343
1344
1345 void
1346 sigchld(int signal) {
1347         while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1348 }
1349
1350 void
1351 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1352         signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1353         if(fork() == 0) {
1354                 if(dpy)
1355                         close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1356                 setsid();
1357                 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1358                 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1359                 perror(" failed");
1360                 exit(0);
1361         }
1362 }
1363
1364 void
1365 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1366         if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1367                 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1368                 arrange();
1369         }
1370 }
1371
1372 int
1373 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1374         XRectangle r;
1375
1376         if(dc.font.set) {
1377                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1378                 return r.width;
1379         }
1380         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1381 }
1382
1383 void
1384 tile(void) {
1385         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1386         unsigned int i, n;
1387         Client *c;
1388
1389         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1390         if(n == 0)
1391                 return;
1392
1393         /* master */
1394         c = nexttiled(clients);
1395         mw = mfact * ww;
1396         resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1397
1398         if(--n == 0)
1399                 return;
1400
1401         /* tile stack */
1402         x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1403         y = wy;
1404         w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1405         h = wh / n;
1406         if(h < bh)
1407                 h = wh;
1408
1409         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1410                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1411                        ? wy + wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), resizehints);
1412                 if(h != wh)
1413                         y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1414         }
1415 }
1416
1417 void
1418 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1419         showbar = !showbar;
1420         updategeom();
1421         updatebar();
1422         arrange();
1423 }
1424
1425 void
1426 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1427         if(!sel)
1428                 return;
1429         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1430         if(sel->isfloating)
1431                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1432         arrange();
1433 }
1434
1435 void
1436 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1437         unsigned int mask;
1438
1439         if (!sel)
1440                 return;
1441
1442         mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1443         if(sel && mask) {
1444                 sel->tags = mask;
1445                 arrange();
1446         }
1447 }
1448
1449 void
1450 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1451         unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1452
1453         if(mask) {
1454                 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1455                 arrange();
1456         }
1457 }
1458
1459 void
1460 unmanage(Client *c) {
1461         XWindowChanges wc;
1462
1463         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1464         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1465         XGrabServer(dpy);
1466         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1467         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1468         detach(c);
1469         detachstack(c);
1470         if(sel == c)
1471                 focus(NULL);
1472         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1473         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1474         free(c);
1475         XSync(dpy, False);
1476         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1477         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1478         arrange();
1479 }
1480
1481 void
1482 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1483         Client *c;
1484         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1485
1486         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1487                 unmanage(c);
1488 }
1489
1490 void
1491 updatebar(void) {
1492         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1493                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1494         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1495         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1496 }
1497
1498 void
1499 updategeom(void) {
1500 #ifdef XINERAMA
1501         int n, i = 0;
1502         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1503
1504         /* window area geometry */
1505         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1506                 if(n > 1) {
1507                         int di, x, y;
1508                         unsigned int dui;
1509                         Window dummy;
1510                         if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1511                                 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1512                                         if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1513                                                 break;
1514                 }
1515                 wx = info[i].x_org;
1516                 wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1517                 ww = info[i].width;
1518                 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1519                 XFree(info);
1520         }
1521         else
1522 #endif
1523         {
1524                 wx = sx;
1525                 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1526                 ww = sw;
1527                 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1528         }
1529
1530         /* bar position */
1531         by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1532 }
1533
1534 void
1535 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1536         unsigned int i, j;
1537         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1538
1539         numlockmask = 0;
1540         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1541         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1542                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1543                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1544                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1545         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1546 }
1547
1548 void
1549 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1550         long msize;
1551         XSizeHints size;
1552
1553         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1554                 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1555                 size.flags = PSize;
1556         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1557                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1558                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1559         }
1560         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1561                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1562                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1563         }
1564         else
1565                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1566         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1567                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1568                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1569         }
1570         else
1571                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1572         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1573                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1574                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1575         }
1576         else
1577                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1578         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1579                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1580                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1581         }
1582         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1583                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1584                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1585         }
1586         else
1587                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1588         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1589                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1590                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1591         }
1592         else
1593                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1594         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1595                      && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1596 }
1597
1598 void
1599 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1600         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1601                 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1602 }
1603
1604 void
1605 updatestatus() {
1606         if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1607                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1608         drawbar();
1609 }
1610
1611 void
1612 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1613         XWMHints *wmh;
1614
1615         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1616                 if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1617                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1618                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1619                 }
1620                 else
1621                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1622
1623                 XFree(wmh);
1624         }
1625 }
1626
1627 void
1628 view(const Arg *arg) {
1629         if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1630                 return;
1631         seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1632         if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1633                 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1634         arrange();
1635 }
1636
1637 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1638  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1639  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1640 int
1641 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1642         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1643         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1644         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1645         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1646         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1647         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1648         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1649         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1650         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1651                 return 0;
1652         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1653                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1654         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1655 }
1656
1657 int
1658 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1659         return 0;
1660 }
1661
1662 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1663  * is already running. */
1664 int
1665 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1666         otherwm = True;
1667         return -1;
1668 }
1669
1670 void
1671 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1672         Client *c = sel;
1673
1674         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1675                 return;
1676         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1677                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1678                         return;
1679         detach(c);
1680         attach(c);
1681         focus(c);
1682         arrange();
1683 }
1684
1685 int
1686 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1687         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1688                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1689         else if(argc != 1)
1690                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1691
1692         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1693                 fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1694
1695         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1696                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1697
1698         checkotherwm();
1699         setup();
1700         scan();
1701         run();
1702         cleanup();
1703
1704         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1705         return 0;
1706 }