dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11  * in O(1) time.
  12  *
  13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a linked client
  15  * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
  16  * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17  * client.
  18  *
  19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20  *
  21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22  */
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <locale.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <stdio.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <string.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <sys/types.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39 #ifdef XINERAMA
  40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41 #endif /* XINERAMA */
  42
  43 /* macros */
  44 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47 #define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
  48 #define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  49 #define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  50 #define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  51 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  52 #define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  53 #define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  54 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55 #define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57 /* enums */
  58 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  62 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65 typedef union {
  66         int i;
  67         unsigned int ui;
  68         float f;
  69         const void *v;
  70 } Arg;
  71
  72 typedef struct {
  73         unsigned int click;
  74         unsigned int mask;
  75         unsigned int button;
  76         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  77         const Arg arg;
  78 } Button;
  79
  80 typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  81 typedef struct Client Client;
  82 struct Client {
  83         char name[256];
  84         float mina, maxa;
  85         int x, y, w, h;
  86         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87         int bw, oldbw;
  88         unsigned int tags;
  89         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90         Client *next;
  91         Client *snext;
  92         Monitor *mon;
  93         Window win;
  94 };
  95
  96 typedef struct {
  97         int x, y, w, h;
  98         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  99         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 100         Drawable drawable;
 101         GC gc;
 102         struct {
 103                 int ascent;
 104                 int descent;
 105                 int height;
 106                 XFontSet set;
 107                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 108         } font;
 109 } DC; /* draw context */
 110
 111 typedef struct {
 112         unsigned int mod;
 113         KeySym keysym;
 114         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 115         const Arg arg;
 116 } Key;
 117
 118 typedef struct {
 119         const char *symbol;
 120         void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 121 } Layout;
 122
 123 struct Monitor {
 124         int screen_number;
 125         float mfact;
 126         int by;               /* bar geometry */
 127         int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
 128         int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 129         unsigned int seltags;
 130         unsigned int sellt;
 131         unsigned int tagset[2];
 132         Bool showbar;
 133         Bool topbar;
 134         Client *clients;
 135         Client *sel;
 136         Client *stack;
 137         Monitor *next;
 138         Window barwin;
 139         const Layout *lt[2];
 140 };
 141
 142 typedef struct {
 143         const char *class;
 144         const char *instance;
 145         const char *title;
 146         unsigned int tags;
 147         Bool isfloating;
 148 } Rule;
 149
 150 /* function declarations */
 151 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 152 static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact);
 153 static void arrange(void);
 154 static void attach(Client *c);
 155 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 156 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 157 static void checkotherwm(void);
 158 static void cleanup(void);
 159 static void cleanupmons(void);
 160 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 161 static void configure(Client *c);
 162 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 163 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 164 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 165 static void detach(Client *c);
 166 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 167 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 168 static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
 169 static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 170 static void drawbars(void);
 171 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 172 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 173 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 174 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 175 static void focus(Client *c);
 176 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 177 static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 178 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 179 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 180 static Bool getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
 181 static long getstate(Window w);
 182 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 183 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 184 static void grabkeys(void);
 185 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 186 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 187 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 188 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 189 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 190 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 191 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 192 static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 193 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 194 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 195 static Monitor *ptrtomon(int x, int y);
 196 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 197 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 198 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact);
 199 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 200 static void restack(Monitor *m);
 201 static void run(void);
 202 static void scan(void);
 203 static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
 204 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 205 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 206 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 207 static void setup(void);
 208 static void showhide(Client *c);
 209 static void sigchld(int signal);
 210 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 211 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 212 static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 213 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 214 static void tile(Monitor *);
 215 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 216 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 217 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 218 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 219 static void unfocus(Client *c);
 220 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 221 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 222 static void updategeom(void);
 223 static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
 224 static void updatebars(void);
 225 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 226 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 227 static void updatestatus(void);
 228 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 229 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 230 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 231 static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
 232 static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
 233 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 234 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 235 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 236 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 237
 238 /* variables */
 239 static char stext[256], ntext[8];
 240 static int screen;
 241 static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 242 static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 243 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 244 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 245 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 246         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 247         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 248         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 249         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 250         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 251         [Expose] = expose,
 252         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 253         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 254         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 255         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 256         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 257         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 258 };
 259 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 260 static Bool otherwm;
 261 static Bool running = True;
 262 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 263 static Display *dpy;
 264 static DC dc;
 265 static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 266 static Window root;
 267
 268 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 269 #include "config.h"
 270
 271 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 272 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 273
 274 /* function implementations */
 275 void
 276 applyrules(Client *c) {
 277         unsigned int i;
 278         const Rule *r;
 279         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 280
 281         /* rule matching */
 282         c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 283         if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 284                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 285                         r = &rules[i];
 286                         if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 287                         && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 288                         && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance))))
 289                         {
 290                                 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 291                                 c->tags |= r->tags;
 292                         }
 293                 }
 294                 if(ch.res_class)
 295                         XFree(ch.res_class);
 296                 if(ch.res_name)
 297                         XFree(ch.res_name);
 298         }
 299         c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
 300 }
 301
 302 Bool
 303 applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact) {
 304         Bool baseismin;
 305         Monitor *m = c->mon;
 306
 307         /* set minimum possible */
 308         *w = MAX(1, *w);
 309         *h = MAX(1, *h);
 310         if(interact) {
 311                 if(*x > sw)
 312                         *x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 313                 if(*y > sh)
 314                         *y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 315                 if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 316                         *x = 0;
 317                 if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 318                         *y = 0;
 319         }
 320         else {
 321                 if(*x > m->mx + m->mw)
 322                         *x = m->mx + m->mw - WIDTH(c);
 323                 if(*y > m->my + m->mh)
 324                         *y = m->my + m->mh - HEIGHT(c);
 325                 if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < m->mx)
 326                         *x = m->mx;
 327                 if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < m->my)
 328                         *y = m->my;
 329         }
 330         if(*h < bh)
 331                 *h = bh;
 332         if(*w < bh)
 333                 *w = bh;
 334         if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
 335                 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 336                 baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 337                 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 338                         *w -= c->basew;
 339                         *h -= c->baseh;
 340                 }
 341                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
 342                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 343                         if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 344                                 *w = *h * c->maxa;
 345                         else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 346                                 *h = *w * c->mina;
 347                 }
 348                 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 349                         *w -= c->basew;
 350                         *h -= c->baseh;
 351                 }
 352                 /* adjust for increment value */
 353                 if(c->incw)
 354                         *w -= *w % c->incw;
 355                 if(c->inch)
 356                         *h -= *h % c->inch;
 357                 /* restore base dimensions */
 358                 *w += c->basew;
 359                 *h += c->baseh;
 360                 *w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
 361                 *h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
 362                 if(c->maxw)
 363                         *w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 364                 if(c->maxh)
 365                         *h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 366         }
 367         return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 368 }
 369
 370 void
 371 arrange(void) {
 372         Monitor *m;
 373
 374         /* optimise two loops into one, check focus(NULL) */
 375         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 376                 showhide(m->stack);
 377         focus(NULL);
 378         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
 379                 if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 380                         m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 381                 restack(m);
 382         }
 383 }
 384
 385 void
 386 attach(Client *c) {
 387         c->next = c->mon->clients;
 388         c->mon->clients = c;
 389 }
 390
 391 void
 392 attachstack(Client *c) {
 393         c->snext = c->mon->stack;
 394         c->mon->stack = c;
 395 }
 396
 397 void
 398 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 399         unsigned int i, x, click;
 400         Arg arg = {0};
 401         Client *c;
 402         Monitor *m;
 403         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 404
 405         click = ClkRootWin;
 406         /* focus monitor if necessary */
 407         if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 408                 unfocus(selmon->sel);
 409                 selmon = m;
 410                 focus(NULL);
 411         }
 412         if(ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
 413                 i = x = 0;
 414                 do
 415                         x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 416                 while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 417                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 418                         click = ClkTagBar;
 419                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 420                 }
 421                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 422                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 423                 else if(ev->x > selmon->wx + selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 424                         click = ClkStatusText;
 425                 else
 426                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 427         }
 428         else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 429                 focus(c);
 430                 click = ClkClientWin;
 431         }
 432         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 433                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 434                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 435                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 436 }
 437
 438 void
 439 checkotherwm(void) {
 440         otherwm = False;
 441         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 442         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 443         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 444         XSync(dpy, False);
 445         if(otherwm)
 446                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 447         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 448         XSync(dpy, False);
 449 }
 450
 451 void
 452 cleanup(void) {
 453         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 454         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 455         Monitor *m;
 456
 457         view(&a);
 458         selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 459         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 460                 while(m->stack)
 461                         unmanage(m->stack);
 462         if(dc.font.set)
 463                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 464         else
 465                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 466         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 467         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 468         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 469         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 470         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 471         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 472         cleanupmons();
 473         XSync(dpy, False);
 474         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 475 }
 476
 477 void
 478 cleanupmons(void) {
 479         Monitor *m;
 480
 481         while(mons) {
 482                 m = mons->next;
 483                 XUnmapWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 484                 XDestroyWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 485                 free(mons);
 486                 mons = m;
 487         }
 488 }
 489
 490 void
 491 clearurgent(Client *c) {
 492         XWMHints *wmh;
 493
 494         c->isurgent = False;
 495         if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 496                 return;
 497         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 498         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 499         XFree(wmh);
 500 }
 501
 502 void
 503 configure(Client *c) {
 504         XConfigureEvent ce;
 505
 506         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 507         ce.display = dpy;
 508         ce.event = c->win;
 509         ce.window = c->win;
 510         ce.x = c->x;
 511         ce.y = c->y;
 512         ce.width = c->w;
 513         ce.height = c->h;
 514         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 515         ce.above = None;
 516         ce.override_redirect = False;
 517         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 518 }
 519
 520 void
 521 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 522         Monitor *m;
 523         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 524
 525         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 526                 sw = ev->width;
 527                 sh = ev->height;
 528                 updategeom();
 529                 if(dc.drawable != 0)
 530                         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 531                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 532                 updatebars();
 533                 for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 534                         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 535                 arrange();
 536         }
 537 }
 538
 539 void
 540 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 541         Client *c;
 542         Monitor *m;
 543         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 544         XWindowChanges wc;
 545
 546         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 547                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 548                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 549                 else if(c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 550                         m = c->mon;
 551                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 552                                 c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
 553                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 554                                 c->y = m->my + ev->y;
 555                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 556                                 c->w = ev->width;
 557                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 558                                 c->h = ev->height;
 559                         if((c->x - m->mx + c->w) > m->mw && c->isfloating)
 560                                 c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 561                         if((c->y - m->my + c->h) > m->mh && c->isfloating)
 562                                 c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 563                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 564                                 configure(c);
 565                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 566                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 567                 }
 568                 else
 569                         configure(c);
 570         }
 571         else {
 572                 wc.x = ev->x;
 573                 wc.y = ev->y;
 574                 wc.width = ev->width;
 575                 wc.height = ev->height;
 576                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 577                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 578                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 579                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 580         }
 581         XSync(dpy, False);
 582 }
 583
 584 void
 585 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 586         Client *c;
 587         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 588
 589         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 590                 unmanage(c);
 591 }
 592
 593 void
 594 detach(Client *c) {
 595         Client **tc;
 596
 597         for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 598         *tc = c->next;
 599 }
 600
 601 void
 602 detachstack(Client *c) {
 603         Client **tc, *t;
 604
 605         for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 606         *tc = c->snext;
 607
 608         if(c == c->mon->sel) {
 609                 for(t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
 610                 c->mon->sel = t;
 611         }
 612 }
 613
 614 void
 615 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 616         va_list ap;
 617
 618         va_start(ap, errstr);
 619         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 620         va_end(ap);
 621         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 622 }
 623
 624 Monitor *
 625 dirtomon(int dir) {
 626         Monitor *m = NULL;
 627
 628         if(dir > 0) {
 629                 if(!(m = selmon->next))
 630                         m = mons;
 631         }
 632         else {
 633                 if(selmon == mons)
 634                         for(m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
 635                 else
 636                         for(m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
 637         }
 638         return m;
 639 }
 640
 641 void
 642 drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 643         int x;
 644         unsigned int i, n = 0, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 645         unsigned long *col;
 646         Client *c;
 647
 648         for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
 649                 if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 650                         n++;
 651                 occ |= c->tags;
 652                 if(c->isurgent)
 653                         urg |= c->tags;
 654         }
 655         dc.x = 0;
 656         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 657                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 658                 col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 659                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 660                 drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
 661                            occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 662                 dc.x += dc.w;
 663         }
 664         if(blw > 0) {
 665                 dc.w = blw;
 666                 drawtext(m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 667                 dc.x += dc.w;
 668         }
 669         snprintf(ntext, sizeof ntext, "%u", n);
 670         dc.w = TEXTW(ntext);
 671         drawtext(ntext, dc.norm, False);
 672         x = (dc.x += dc.w);
 673         if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
 674                 dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 675                 dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 676                 if(dc.x < x) {
 677                         dc.x = x;
 678                         dc.w = m->ww - x;
 679                 }
 680                 drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 681         }
 682         else
 683                 dc.x = m->ww;
 684         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 685                 dc.x = x;
 686                 if(m->sel) {
 687                         col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 688                         drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
 689                         drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
 690                 }
 691                 else
 692                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 693         }
 694         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 695         XSync(dpy, False);
 696 }
 697
 698 void
 699 drawbars(void) {
 700         Monitor *m;
 701
 702         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 703                 drawbar(m);
 704 }
 705
 706 void
 707 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 708         int x;
 709         XGCValues gcv;
 710         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 711
 712         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 713         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 714         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 715         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 716         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 717         if(filled) {
 718                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 719                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 720         }
 721         else if(empty) {
 722                 r.width = r.height = x;
 723                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 724         }
 725 }
 726
 727 void
 728 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 729         char buf[256];
 730         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 731         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 732
 733         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 734         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 735         if(!text)
 736                 return;
 737         olen = strlen(text);
 738         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 739         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 740         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 741         /* shorten text if necessary */
 742         for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 743         if(!len)
 744                 return;
 745         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 746         if(len < olen)
 747                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 748         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 749         if(dc.font.set)
 750                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 751         else
 752                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 753 }
 754
 755 void
 756 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 757         Client *c;
 758         Monitor *m;
 759         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 760
 761         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 762                 return;
 763         if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 764                 unfocus(selmon->sel);
 765                 selmon = m;
 766         }
 767         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 768                 focus(c);
 769         else
 770                 focus(NULL);
 771 }
 772
 773 void
 774 expose(XEvent *e) {
 775         Monitor *m;
 776         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 777
 778         if(ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
 779                 drawbar(m);
 780 }
 781
 782 void
 783 focus(Client *c) {
 784         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 785                 for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 786         if(selmon->sel)
 787                 unfocus(selmon->sel);
 788         if(c) {
 789                 if(c->mon != selmon)
 790                         selmon = c->mon;
 791                 if(c->isurgent)
 792                         clearurgent(c);
 793                 detachstack(c);
 794                 attachstack(c);
 795                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 796                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 797                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 798         }
 799         else
 800                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 801         selmon->sel = c;
 802         drawbars();
 803 }
 804
 805 void
 806 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 807         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 808
 809         if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
 810                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, selmon->sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 811 }
 812
 813 void
 814 focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 815         Monitor *m = NULL;
 816
 817         if(!mons->next)
 818                 return;
 819         m = dirtomon(arg->i);
 820         unfocus(selmon->sel);
 821         selmon = m;
 822         focus(NULL);
 823 }
 824
 825 void
 826 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 827         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 828
 829         if(!selmon->sel)
 830                 return;
 831         if(arg->i > 0) {
 832                 for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 833                 if(!c)
 834                         for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 835         }
 836         else {
 837                 for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
 838                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 839                                 c = i;
 840                 if(!c)
 841                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 842                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 843                                         c = i;
 844         }
 845         if(c) {
 846                 focus(c);
 847                 restack(selmon);
 848         }
 849 }
 850
 851 unsigned long
 852 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 853         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 854         XColor color;
 855
 856         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 857                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 858         return color.pixel;
 859 }
 860
 861 Bool
 862 getrootptr(int *x, int *y) {
 863         int di;
 864         unsigned int dui;
 865         Window dummy;
 866
 867         return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
 868 }
 869
 870 long
 871 getstate(Window w) {
 872         int format, status;
 873         long result = -1;
 874         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 875         unsigned long n, extra;
 876         Atom real;
 877
 878         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 879                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 880         if(status != Success)
 881                 return -1;
 882         if(n != 0)
 883                 result = *p;
 884         XFree(p);
 885         return result;
 886 }
 887
 888 Bool
 889 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 890         char **list = NULL;
 891         int n;
 892         XTextProperty name;
 893
 894         if(!text || size == 0)
 895                 return False;
 896         text[0] = '\0';
 897         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 898         if(!name.nitems)
 899                 return False;
 900         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 901                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 902         else {
 903                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 904                 && n > 0 && *list)
 905                 {
 906                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 907                         XFreeStringList(list);
 908                 }
 909         }
 910         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 911         XFree(name.value);
 912         return True;
 913 }
 914
 915 void
 916 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 917         updatenumlockmask();
 918         {
 919                 unsigned int i, j;
 920                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 921                 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 922                 if(focused) {
 923                         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 924                                 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 925                                         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 926                                                 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
 927                                                             buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
 928                                                             c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 929                                                             GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 930                 }
 931                 else
 932                         XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 933                                     BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 934         }
 935 }
 936
 937 void
 938 grabkeys(void) {
 939         updatenumlockmask();
 940         {
 941                 unsigned int i, j;
 942                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 943                 KeyCode code;
 944
 945                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 946                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 947                         if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 948                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 949                                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 950                                                  True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 951                 }
 952         }
 953 }
 954
 955 void
 956 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 957         char *def, **missing;
 958         int i, n;
 959
 960         missing = NULL;
 961         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 962         if(missing) {
 963                 while(n--)
 964                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 965                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 966         }
 967         if(dc.font.set) {
 968                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 969                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 970                 char **font_names;
 971                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 972                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 973                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 974                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 975                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 976                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 977                         xfonts++;
 978                 }
 979         }
 980         else {
 981                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 982                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 983                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 984                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 985                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 986         }
 987         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 988 }
 989
 990 Bool
 991 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 992         int i, n;
 993         Atom *protocols;
 994         Bool ret = False;
 995
 996         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 997                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 998                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 999                                 ret = True;
1000                 XFree(protocols);
1001         }
1002         return ret;
1003 }
1004
1005 void
1006 keypress(XEvent *e) {
1007         unsigned int i;
1008         KeySym keysym;
1009         XKeyEvent *ev;
1010
1011         ev = &e->xkey;
1012         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1013         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1014                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1015                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
1016                    && keys[i].func)
1017                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
1018 }
1019
1020 void
1021 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
1022         XEvent ev;
1023
1024         if(!selmon->sel)
1025                 return;
1026         if(isprotodel(selmon->sel)) {
1027                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
1028                 ev.xclient.window = selmon->sel->win;
1029                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1030                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
1031                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1032                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1033                 XSendEvent(dpy, selmon->sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1034         }
1035         else
1036                 XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
1037 }
1038
1039 void
1040 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1041         static Client cz;
1042         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1043         Window trans = None;
1044         XWindowChanges wc;
1045
1046         if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
1047                 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1048         *c = cz;
1049         c->win = w;
1050         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
1051                 t = wintoclient(trans);
1052         if(t) {
1053                 c->mon = t->mon;
1054                 c->tags = t->tags;
1055         }
1056         else {
1057                 c->mon = selmon;
1058                 applyrules(c);
1059         }
1060         /* geometry */
1061         c->x = wa->x + c->mon->wx;
1062         c->y = wa->y + c->mon->wy;
1063         c->w = wa->width;
1064         c->h = wa->height;
1065         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1066         if(c->w == c->mon->mw && c->h == c->mon->mh) {
1067                 c->x = c->mon->mx;
1068                 c->y = c->mon->my;
1069                 c->bw = 0;
1070         }
1071         else {
1072                 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw)
1073                         c->x = c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw - WIDTH(c);
1074                 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh)
1075                         c->y = c->mon->my + c->mon->mh - HEIGHT(c);
1076                 c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->mx);
1077                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1078                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
1079                            && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : c->mon->my);
1080                 c->bw = borderpx;
1081         }
1082         wc.border_width = c->bw;
1083         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1084         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1085         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1086         updatesizehints(c);
1087         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1088         grabbuttons(c, False);
1089         updatetitle(c);
1090         if(!c->isfloating)
1091                 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1092         if(c->isfloating)
1093                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1094         attach(c);
1095         attachstack(c);
1096         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1097         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1098         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1099         arrange();
1100 }
1101
1102 void
1103 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1104         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1105
1106         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1107         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1108                 grabkeys();
1109 }
1110
1111 void
1112 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1113         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1114         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1115
1116         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1117                 return;
1118         if(wa.override_redirect)
1119                 return;
1120         if(!wintoclient(ev->window))
1121                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1122 }
1123
1124 void
1125 monocle(Monitor *m) {
1126         Client *c;
1127
1128         for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1129                 resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1130 }
1131
1132 void
1133 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1134         int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
1135         Client *c;
1136         Monitor *m;
1137         XEvent ev;
1138
1139         if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1140                 return;
1141         restack(selmon);
1142         ocx = c->x;
1143         ocy = c->y;
1144         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1145         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1146                 return;
1147         if(!getrootptr(&x, &y))
1148                 return;
1149         do {
1150                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1151                 switch (ev.type) {
1152                 case ConfigureRequest:
1153                 case Expose:
1154                 case MapRequest:
1155                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1156                         break;
1157                 case MotionNotify:
1158                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1159                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1160                         if(snap && nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1161                                 && ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1162                                 if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1163                                         nx = selmon->wx;
1164                                 else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1165                                         nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1166                                 if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1167                                         ny = selmon->wy;
1168                                 else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1169                                         ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1170                                 if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1171                                                   && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1172                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1173                         }
1174                         if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1175                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, True);
1176                         break;
1177                 }
1178         }
1179         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1180         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1181         if((m = ptrtomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1182                 sendmon(c, m);
1183                 selmon = m;
1184                 focus(NULL);
1185         }
1186 }
1187
1188 Client *
1189 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1190         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1191         return c;
1192 }
1193
1194 Monitor *
1195 ptrtomon(int x, int y) {
1196         Monitor *m;
1197
1198         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1199                 if(INRECT(x, y, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh))
1200                         return m;
1201         return selmon;
1202 }
1203
1204 void
1205 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1206         Client *c;
1207         Window trans;
1208         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1209
1210         if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1211                 updatestatus();
1212         else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1213                 return; /* ignore */
1214         else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
1215                 switch (ev->atom) {
1216                 default: break;
1217                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1218                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1219                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans) != NULL)))
1220                                 arrange();
1221                         break;
1222                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1223                         updatesizehints(c);
1224                         break;
1225                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1226                         updatewmhints(c);
1227                         drawbars();
1228                         break;
1229                 }
1230                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1231                         updatetitle(c);
1232                         if(c == selmon->sel)
1233                                 drawbars();
1234                 }
1235         }
1236 }
1237
1238 void
1239 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1240         running = False;
1241 }
1242
1243 void
1244 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact) {
1245         XWindowChanges wc;
1246
1247         if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact)) {
1248                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1249                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1250                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1251                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1252                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1253                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1254                 configure(c);
1255                 XSync(dpy, False);
1256         }
1257 }
1258
1259 void
1260 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1261         int ocx, ocy;
1262         int nw, nh;
1263         Client *c;
1264         Monitor *m;
1265         XEvent ev;
1266
1267         if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1268                 return;
1269         restack(selmon);
1270         ocx = c->x;
1271         ocy = c->y;
1272         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1273         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1274                 return;
1275         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1276         do {
1277                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1278                 switch(ev.type) {
1279                 case ConfigureRequest:
1280                 case Expose:
1281                 case MapRequest:
1282                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1283                         break;
1284                 case MotionNotify:
1285                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1286                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1287                         if(snap && nw >= selmon->wx && nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1288                                 && nh >= selmon->wy && nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1289                                 if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1290                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1291                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1292                         }
1293                         if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1294                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1295                         break;
1296                 }
1297         }
1298         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1299         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1300         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1301         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1302         if((m = ptrtomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1303                 sendmon(c, m);
1304                 selmon = m;
1305                 focus(NULL);
1306         }
1307 }
1308
1309 void
1310 restack(Monitor *m) {
1311         Client *c;
1312         XEvent ev;
1313         XWindowChanges wc;
1314
1315         drawbars();
1316         if(!m->sel)
1317                 return;
1318         if(m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
1319                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
1320         if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1321                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1322                 wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1323                 for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
1324                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1325                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1326                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1327                         }
1328         }
1329         XSync(dpy, False);
1330         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1331 }
1332
1333 void
1334 run(void) {
1335         XEvent ev;
1336
1337         /* main event loop */
1338         XSync(dpy, False);
1339         while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
1340                 if(handler[ev.type])
1341                         (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1342 }
1343
1344 void
1345 scan(void) {
1346         unsigned int i, num;
1347         Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1348         XWindowAttributes wa;
1349
1350         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1351                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1352                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1353                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1354                                 continue;
1355                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1356                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1357                 }
1358                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1359                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1360                                 continue;
1361                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1362                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1363                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1364                 }
1365                 if(wins)
1366                         XFree(wins);
1367         }
1368 }
1369
1370 void
1371 sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m) {
1372         if(c->mon == m)
1373                 return;
1374         unfocus(c);
1375         detach(c);
1376         detachstack(c);
1377         c->mon = m;
1378         c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
1379         attach(c);
1380         attachstack(c);
1381         focus(NULL);
1382         arrange();
1383 }
1384
1385 void
1386 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1387         long data[] = { state, None };
1388
1389         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1390                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1391 }
1392
1393 void
1394 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1395         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
1396                 selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1397         if(arg && arg->v)
1398                 selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1399         if(selmon->sel)
1400                 arrange();
1401         else
1402                 drawbars();
1403 }
1404
1405 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1406 void
1407 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1408         float f;
1409
1410         if(!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1411                 return;
1412         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1413         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1414                 return;
1415         selmon->mfact = f;
1416         arrange();
1417 }
1418
1419 void
1420 setup(void) {
1421         unsigned int i;
1422         int w;
1423         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1424
1425         /* init screen */
1426         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1427         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1428         initfont(font);
1429         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1430         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1431         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1432         updategeom();
1433         /* init atoms */
1434         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1435         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1436         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1437         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1438         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1439         /* init cursors */
1440         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1441         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1442         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1443         /* init appearance */
1444         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1445         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1446         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1447         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1448         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1449         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1450         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1451         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1452         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1453         if(!dc.font.set)
1454                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1455         /* init bars */
1456         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1457                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1458                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1459         }
1460         updatebars();
1461         updatestatus();
1462         /* EWMH support per view */
1463         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1464                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1465         /* select for events */
1466         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1467         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1468                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1469                         |PropertyChangeMask;
1470         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1471         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1472         grabkeys();
1473 }
1474
1475 void
1476 showhide(Client *c) {
1477         if(!c)
1478                 return;
1479         if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1480                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1481                 if(!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1482                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, False);
1483                 showhide(c->snext);
1484         }
1485         else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1486                 showhide(c->snext);
1487                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1488         }
1489 }
1490
1491
1492 void
1493 sigchld(int signal) {
1494         while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1495 }
1496
1497 void
1498 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1499         signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1500         if(fork() == 0) {
1501                 if(dpy)
1502                         close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1503                 setsid();
1504                 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1505                 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1506                 perror(" failed");
1507                 exit(0);
1508         }
1509 }
1510
1511 void
1512 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1513         if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1514                 selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1515                 arrange();
1516         }
1517 }
1518
1519 void
1520 tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1521         if(!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
1522                 return;
1523         sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
1524 }
1525
1526 int
1527 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1528         XRectangle r;
1529
1530         if(dc.font.set) {
1531                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1532                 return r.width;
1533         }
1534         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1535 }
1536
1537 void
1538 tile(Monitor *m) {
1539         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1540         unsigned int i, n;
1541         Client *c;
1542
1543         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1544         if(n == 0)
1545                 return;
1546         /* master */
1547         c = nexttiled(m->clients);
1548         mw = m->mfact * m->ww;
1549         resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, (n == 1 ? m->ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1550         if(--n == 0)
1551                 return;
1552         /* tile stack */
1553         x = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : m->wx + mw;
1554         y = m->wy;
1555         w = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? m->wx + m->ww - x : m->ww - mw;
1556         h = m->wh / n;
1557         if(h < bh)
1558                 h = m->wh;
1559         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1560                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1561                        ? m->wy + m->wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), False);
1562                 if(h != m->wh)
1563                         y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1564         }
1565 }
1566
1567 void
1568 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1569         selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1570         updatebarpos(selmon);
1571         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1572         arrange();
1573 }
1574
1575 void
1576 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1577         if(!selmon->sel)
1578                 return;
1579         selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
1580         if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
1581                 resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
1582                        selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, False);
1583         arrange();
1584 }
1585
1586 void
1587 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1588         unsigned int mask;
1589
1590         if(!selmon->sel)
1591                 return;
1592         mask = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1593         if(mask) {
1594                 selmon->sel->tags = mask;
1595                 arrange();
1596         }
1597 }
1598
1599 void
1600 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1601         unsigned int mask = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1602
1603         if(mask) {
1604                 selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = mask;
1605                 arrange();
1606         }
1607 }
1608
1609 void
1610 unfocus(Client *c) {
1611         if(!c)
1612                 return;
1613         grabbuttons(c, False);
1614         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1615         XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1616 }
1617
1618 void
1619 unmanage(Client *c) {
1620         XWindowChanges wc;
1621
1622         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1623         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1624         XGrabServer(dpy);
1625         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1626         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1627         detach(c);
1628         detachstack(c);
1629         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1630         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1631         free(c);
1632         XSync(dpy, False);
1633         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1634         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1635         focus(NULL);
1636         arrange();
1637 }
1638
1639 void
1640 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1641         Client *c;
1642         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1643
1644         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
1645                 unmanage(c);
1646 }
1647
1648 void
1649 updatebars(void) {
1650         Monitor *m;
1651         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1652
1653         wa.override_redirect = True;
1654         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1655         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1656         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1657                 m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1658                                           CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1659                                           CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1660                 XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1661                 XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1662         }
1663 }
1664
1665 void
1666 updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
1667         m->wy = m->my;
1668         m->wh = m->mh;
1669         if(m->showbar) {
1670                 m->wh -= bh;
1671                 m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1672                 m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1673         }
1674         else
1675                 m->by = -bh;
1676 }
1677
1678 void
1679 updategeom(void) {
1680         int i, n = 1;
1681         Client *c;
1682         Monitor *newmons = NULL, *m, *tm;
1683
1684 #ifdef XINERAMA
1685         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1686
1687         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy))
1688                 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n);
1689 #endif /* XINERAMA */
1690         /* allocate monitor(s) for the new geometry setup */
1691         for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1692                 if(!(m = (Monitor *)malloc(sizeof(Monitor))))
1693                         die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Monitor));
1694                 m->next = newmons;
1695                 newmons = m;
1696         }
1697         /* initialise monitor(s) */
1698 #ifdef XINERAMA
1699         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1700                 for(i = 0, m = newmons; m; m = m->next, i++) {
1701                         m->screen_number = info[i].screen_number;
1702                         m->mx = m->wx = info[i].x_org;
1703                         m->my = m->wy = info[i].y_org;
1704                         m->mw = m->ww = info[i].width;
1705                         m->mh = m->wh = info[i].height;
1706                 }
1707                 XFree(info);
1708         }
1709         else
1710 #endif /* XINERAMA */
1711         /* default monitor setup */
1712         {
1713                 m->screen_number = 0;
1714                 m->mx = m->wx = 0;
1715                 m->my = m->wy = 0;
1716                 m->mw = m->ww = sw;
1717                 m->mh = m->wh = sh;
1718         }
1719         /* bar geometry setup */
1720         for(m = newmons; m; m = m->next) {
1721                 m->sel = m->stack = m->clients = NULL;
1722                 m->seltags = 0;
1723                 m->sellt = 0;
1724                 m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
1725                 m->mfact = mfact;
1726                 m->showbar = showbar;
1727                 m->topbar = topbar;
1728                 m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1729                 m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1730                 updatebarpos(m);
1731         }
1732         /* reassign left over clients of disappeared monitors */
1733         for(tm = mons; tm; tm = tm->next)
1734                 while(tm->clients) {
1735                         c = tm->clients;
1736                         tm->clients = c->next;
1737                         detachstack(c);
1738                         c->mon = newmons;
1739                         attach(c);
1740                         attachstack(c);
1741                 }
1742         /* select focused monitor */
1743         cleanupmons();
1744         selmon = mons = newmons;
1745         selmon = wintomon(root);
1746 }
1747
1748 void
1749 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1750         unsigned int i, j;
1751         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1752
1753         numlockmask = 0;
1754         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1755         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1756                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1757                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1758                            == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1759                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1760         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1761 }
1762
1763 void
1764 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1765         long msize;
1766         XSizeHints size;
1767
1768         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1769                 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1770                 size.flags = PSize;
1771         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1772                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1773                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1774         }
1775         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1776                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1777                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1778         }
1779         else
1780                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1781         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1782                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1783                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1784         }
1785         else
1786                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1787         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1788                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1789                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1790         }
1791         else
1792                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1793         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1794                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1795                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1796         }
1797         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1798                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1799                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1800         }
1801         else
1802                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1803         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1804                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1805                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1806         }
1807         else
1808                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1809         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1810                      && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1811 }
1812
1813 void
1814 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1815         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1816                 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1817 }
1818
1819 void
1820 updatestatus(void) {
1821         if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1822                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1823         drawbar(selmon);
1824 }
1825
1826 void
1827 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1828         XWMHints *wmh;
1829
1830         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1831                 if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1832                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1833                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1834                 }
1835                 else
1836                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1837                 XFree(wmh);
1838         }
1839 }
1840
1841 void
1842 view(const Arg *arg) {
1843         if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
1844                 return;
1845         selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1846         if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1847                 selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1848         arrange();
1849 }
1850
1851 Client *
1852 wintoclient(Window w) {
1853         Client *c;
1854         Monitor *m;
1855
1856         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1857                 for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1858                         if(c->win == w)
1859                                 return c;
1860         return NULL;
1861 }
1862
1863 Monitor *
1864 wintomon(Window w) {
1865         int x, y;
1866         Client *c;
1867         Monitor *m;
1868
1869         if(w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
1870                 return ptrtomon(x, y);
1871         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1872                 if(w == m->barwin)
1873                         return m;
1874         if((c = wintoclient(w)))
1875                 return c->mon;
1876         return selmon;
1877 }
1878
1879 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1880  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1881  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1882 int
1883 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1884         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1885         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1886         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1887         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1888         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1889         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1890         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1891         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1892         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1893                 return 0;
1894         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1895                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1896         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1897 }
1898
1899 int
1900 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1901         return 0;
1902 }
1903
1904 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1905  * is already running. */
1906 int
1907 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1908         otherwm = True;
1909         return -1;
1910 }
1911
1912 void
1913 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1914         Client *c = selmon->sel;
1915
1916         if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1917         || selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange == monocle
1918         || (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
1919                 return;
1920         if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
1921                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1922                         return;
1923         detach(c);
1924         attach(c);
1925         focus(c);
1926         arrange();
1927 }
1928
1929 int
1930 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1931         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1932                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1933         else if(argc != 1)
1934                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1935         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1936                 fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1937         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
1938                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1939         checkotherwm();
1940         setup();
1941         scan();
1942         run();
1943         cleanup();
1944         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1945         return 0;
1946 }