dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  20  * client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <stdarg.h>
  28 #include <stdio.h>
  29 #include <stdlib.h>
  30 #include <string.h>
  31 #include <unistd.h>
  32 #include <sys/select.h>
  33 #include <sys/types.h>
  34 #include <sys/wait.h>
  35 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  36 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  41 #ifdef XINERAMA
  42 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  43 #endif
  44
  45 /* macros */
  46 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  47 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  48 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  49 #define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  50 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  51 #define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  52 #define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  53 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  54 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  55 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  56 #define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  57
  58 /* enums */
  59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  63 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66 typedef union {
  67         int i;
  68         unsigned int ui;
  69         float f;
  70         void *v;
  71 } Arg;
  72
  73 typedef struct {
  74         unsigned int click;
  75         unsigned int mask;
  76         unsigned int button;
  77         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78         const Arg arg;
  79 } Button;
  80
  81 typedef struct Client Client;
  82 struct Client {
  83         char name[256];
  84         float mina, maxa;
  85         int x, y, w, h;
  86         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87         int bw, oldbw;
  88         unsigned int tags;
  89         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90         Client *next;
  91         Client *snext;
  92         Window win;
  93 };
  94
  95 typedef struct {
  96         int x, y, w, h;
  97         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  98         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  99         Drawable drawable;
 100         GC gc;
 101         struct {
 102                 int ascent;
 103                 int descent;
 104                 int height;
 105                 XFontSet set;
 106                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 107         } font;
 108 } DC; /* draw context */
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         unsigned int mod;
 112         KeySym keysym;
 113         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 114         const Arg arg;
 115 } Key;
 116
 117 typedef struct {
 118         const char *symbol;
 119         void (*arrange)(void);
 120 } Layout;
 121
 122 typedef struct {
 123         const char *class;
 124         const char *instance;
 125         const char *title;
 126         unsigned int tags;
 127         Bool isfloating;
 128 } Rule;
 129
 130 /* function declarations */
 131 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 132 static void arrange(void);
 133 static void attach(Client *c);
 134 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 135 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 136 static void checkotherwm(void);
 137 static void cleanup(void);
 138 static void clearurgent(void);
 139 static void configure(Client *c);
 140 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 141 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 142 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 143 static void detach(Client *c);
 144 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 145 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 146 static void drawbar(void);
 147 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 148 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 149 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 150 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 151 static void focus(Client *c);
 152 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 153 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 154 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 155 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 156 static long getstate(Window w);
 157 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 158 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 159 static void grabkeys(void);
 160 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 161 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 162 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 163 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 164 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 165 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 166 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 167 static void monocle(void);
 168 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 169 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 170 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 171 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 172 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 173 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 174 static void restack(void);
 175 static void run(void);
 176 static void scan(void);
 177 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 178 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 179 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 180 static void setup(void);
 181 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 182 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 183 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 184 static void tile(void);
 185 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 186 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 187 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 188 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 189 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 190 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 191 static void updatebar(void);
 192 static void updategeom(void);
 193 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 194 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 195 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 196 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 197 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 198 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 199 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 200 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 201
 202 /* variables */
 203 static char stext[256];
 204 static int screen;
 205 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 206 static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 207 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 208 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 209 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 210 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 211 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 212         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 213         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 214         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 215         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 216         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 217         [Expose] = expose,
 218         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 219         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 220         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 221         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 222         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 223         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 224 };
 225 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 226 static Bool otherwm;
 227 static Bool running = True;
 228 static unsigned int tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
 229 static Client *clients = NULL;
 230 static Client *sel = NULL;
 231 static Client *stack = NULL;
 232 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 233 static Display *dpy;
 234 static DC dc = {0};
 235 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 236 static Window root, barwin;
 237 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 238 #include "config.h"
 239
 240 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 241 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 242
 243 /* function implementations */
 244 void
 245 applyrules(Client *c) {
 246         unsigned int i;
 247         Rule *r;
 248         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 249
 250         /* rule matching */
 251         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 252         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 253                 r = &rules[i];
 254                 if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 255                 && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 256                 && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 257                         c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 258                         c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
 259                 }
 260         }
 261         if(ch.res_class)
 262                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 263         if(ch.res_name)
 264                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 265         if(!c->tags)
 266                 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 267 }
 268
 269 void
 270 arrange(void) {
 271         Client *c;
 272
 273         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 274                 if(ISVISIBLE(c)) {
 275                         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
 276                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
 277                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 278                 }
 279                 else {
 280                         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 281                 }
 282
 283         focus(NULL);
 284         if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 285                 lt[sellt]->arrange();
 286         restack();
 287 }
 288
 289 void
 290 attach(Client *c) {
 291         c->next = clients;
 292         clients = c;
 293 }
 294
 295 void
 296 attachstack(Client *c) {
 297         c->snext = stack;
 298         stack = c;
 299 }
 300
 301 void
 302 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 303         unsigned int i, x, click;
 304         Arg arg = {0};
 305         Client *c;
 306         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 307
 308         click = ClkRootWin;
 309         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 310                 i = x = 0;
 311                 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 312                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 313                         click = ClkTagBar;
 314                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 315                 }
 316                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 317                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 318                 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 319                         click = ClkStatusText;
 320                 else
 321                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 322         }
 323         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 324                 focus(c);
 325                 click = ClkClientWin;
 326         }
 327
 328         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 329                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 330                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 331                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 332 }
 333
 334 void
 335 checkotherwm(void) {
 336         otherwm = False;
 337         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 338
 339         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 340         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 341         XSync(dpy, False);
 342         if(otherwm)
 343                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 344         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 345         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 346         XSync(dpy, False);
 347 }
 348
 349 void
 350 cleanup(void) {
 351         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 352         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 353
 354         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 355         view(&a);
 356         lt[sellt] = &foo;
 357         while(stack)
 358                 unmanage(stack);
 359         if(dc.font.set)
 360                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 361         else
 362                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 363         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 364         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 365         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 366         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 367         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 368         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 369         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 370         XSync(dpy, False);
 371         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 372 }
 373
 374 void
 375 clearurgent(void) {
 376         XWMHints *wmh;
 377         Client *c;
 378
 379         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 380                 if(ISVISIBLE(c) && c->isurgent) {
 381                         c->isurgent = False;
 382                         if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 383                                 continue;
 384
 385                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 386                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 387                         XFree(wmh);
 388                 }
 389 }
 390
 391 void
 392 configure(Client *c) {
 393         XConfigureEvent ce;
 394
 395         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 396         ce.display = dpy;
 397         ce.event = c->win;
 398         ce.window = c->win;
 399         ce.x = c->x;
 400         ce.y = c->y;
 401         ce.width = c->w;
 402         ce.height = c->h;
 403         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 404         ce.above = None;
 405         ce.override_redirect = False;
 406         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 407 }
 408
 409 void
 410 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 411         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 412
 413         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 414                 sw = ev->width;
 415                 sh = ev->height;
 416                 updategeom();
 417                 updatebar();
 418                 arrange();
 419         }
 420 }
 421
 422 void
 423 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 424         Client *c;
 425         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 426         XWindowChanges wc;
 427
 428         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 429                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 430                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 431                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 432                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 433                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 434                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 435                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 436                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 437                                 c->w = ev->width;
 438                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 439                                 c->h = ev->height;
 440                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 441                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 442                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 443                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 444                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 445                                 configure(c);
 446                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 447                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 448                 }
 449                 else
 450                         configure(c);
 451         }
 452         else {
 453                 wc.x = ev->x;
 454                 wc.y = ev->y;
 455                 wc.width = ev->width;
 456                 wc.height = ev->height;
 457                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 458                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 459                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 460                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 461         }
 462         XSync(dpy, False);
 463 }
 464
 465 void
 466 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 467         Client *c;
 468         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 469
 470         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 471                 unmanage(c);
 472 }
 473
 474 void
 475 detach(Client *c) {
 476         Client **tc;
 477
 478         for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 479         *tc = c->next;
 480 }
 481
 482 void
 483 detachstack(Client *c) {
 484         Client **tc;
 485
 486         for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 487         *tc = c->snext;
 488 }
 489
 490 void
 491 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 492         va_list ap;
 493
 494         va_start(ap, errstr);
 495         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 496         va_end(ap);
 497         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 498 }
 499
 500 void
 501 drawbar(void) {
 502         int x;
 503         unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 504         unsigned long *col;
 505         Client *c;
 506
 507         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 508                 occ |= c->tags;
 509                 if(c->isurgent)
 510                         urg |= c->tags;
 511         }
 512
 513         dc.x = 0;
 514         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 515                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 516                 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 517                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 518                 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 519                 dc.x += dc.w;
 520         }
 521         if(blw > 0) {
 522                 dc.w = blw;
 523                 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 524                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 525         }
 526         else
 527                 x = dc.x;
 528         dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 529         dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 530         if(dc.x < x) {
 531                 dc.x = x;
 532                 dc.w = ww - x;
 533         }
 534         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 535         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 536                 dc.x = x;
 537                 if(sel) {
 538                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 539                         drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 540                 }
 541                 else
 542                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 543         }
 544         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 545         XSync(dpy, False);
 546 }
 547
 548 void
 549 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 550         int x;
 551         XGCValues gcv;
 552         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 553
 554         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 555         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 556         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 557         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 558         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 559         if(filled) {
 560                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 561                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 562         }
 563         else if(empty) {
 564                 r.width = r.height = x;
 565                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 566         }
 567 }
 568
 569 void
 570 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 571         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 572         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 573         char buf[256];
 574
 575         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 576         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 577         if(!text)
 578                 return;
 579         olen = strlen(text);
 580         len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
 581         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 582         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 583         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 584         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 585         /* shorten text if necessary */
 586         for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
 587         if(!len)
 588                 return;
 589         if(len < olen)
 590                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 591         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 592         if(dc.font.set)
 593                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 594         else
 595                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 596 }
 597
 598 void
 599 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 600         Client *c;
 601         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 602
 603         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 604                 return;
 605         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 606                 focus(c);
 607         else
 608                 focus(NULL);
 609 }
 610
 611 void
 612 expose(XEvent *e) {
 613         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 614
 615         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 616                 drawbar();
 617 }
 618
 619 void
 620 focus(Client *c) {
 621         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 622                 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 623         if(sel && sel != c) {
 624                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 625                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 626         }
 627         if(c) {
 628                 detachstack(c);
 629                 attachstack(c);
 630                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 631                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 632                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 633         }
 634         else
 635                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 636         sel = c;
 637         drawbar();
 638 }
 639
 640 void
 641 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 642         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 643
 644         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 645                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 646 }
 647
 648 void
 649 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 650         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 651
 652         if(!sel)
 653                 return;
 654         if (arg->i > 0) {
 655                 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 656                 if(!c)
 657                         for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 658         }
 659         else {
 660                 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 661                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 662                                 c = i;
 663                 if(!c)
 664                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 665                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 666                                         c = i;
 667         }
 668         if(c) {
 669                 focus(c);
 670                 restack();
 671         }
 672 }
 673
 674 Client *
 675 getclient(Window w) {
 676         Client *c;
 677
 678         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 679         return c;
 680 }
 681
 682 unsigned long
 683 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 684         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 685         XColor color;
 686
 687         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 688                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 689         return color.pixel;
 690 }
 691
 692 long
 693 getstate(Window w) {
 694         int format, status;
 695         long result = -1;
 696         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 697         unsigned long n, extra;
 698         Atom real;
 699
 700         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 701                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 702         if(status != Success)
 703                 return -1;
 704         if(n != 0)
 705                 result = *p;
 706         XFree(p);
 707         return result;
 708 }
 709
 710 Bool
 711 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 712         char **list = NULL;
 713         int n;
 714         XTextProperty name;
 715
 716         if(!text || size == 0)
 717                 return False;
 718         text[0] = '\0';
 719         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 720         if(!name.nitems)
 721                 return False;
 722         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 723                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 724         else {
 725                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 726                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 727                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 728                         XFreeStringList(list);
 729                 }
 730         }
 731         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 732         XFree(name.value);
 733         return True;
 734 }
 735
 736 void
 737 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 738         unsigned int i, j;
 739         unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 740
 741         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 742         if(focused) {
 743                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 744                         if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 745                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 746                                         XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 747         } else
 748                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 749                             BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 750 }
 751
 752 void
 753 grabkeys(void) {
 754         unsigned int i, j;
 755         unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 756         KeyCode code;
 757         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 758
 759         /* init modifier map */
 760         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 761         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 762                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 763                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 764                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
 765                 }
 766         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 767
 768         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 769         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 770                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 771                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 772                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root, True,
 773                                  GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 774         }
 775 }
 776
 777 void
 778 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 779         char *def, **missing;
 780         int i, n;
 781
 782         missing = NULL;
 783         if(dc.font.set)
 784                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 785         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 786         if(missing) {
 787                 while(n--)
 788                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 789                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 790         }
 791         if(dc.font.set) {
 792                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 793                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 794                 char **font_names;
 795                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 796                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 797                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 798                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 799                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 800                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 801                         xfonts++;
 802                 }
 803         }
 804         else {
 805                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 806                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 807                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 808                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 809                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 810                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 811                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 812                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 813         }
 814         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 815 }
 816
 817 Bool
 818 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 819         int i, n;
 820         Atom *protocols;
 821         Bool ret = False;
 822
 823         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 824                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 825                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 826                                 ret = True;
 827                 XFree(protocols);
 828         }
 829         return ret;
 830 }
 831
 832 void
 833 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 834         unsigned int i;
 835         KeySym keysym;
 836         XKeyEvent *ev;
 837
 838         ev = &e->xkey;
 839         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 840         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 841                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 842                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 843                    && keys[i].func)
 844                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 845 }
 846
 847 void
 848 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 849         XEvent ev;
 850
 851         if(!sel)
 852                 return;
 853         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 854                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 855                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 856                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 857                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 858                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 859                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 860                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 861         }
 862         else
 863                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 864 }
 865
 866 void
 867 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 868         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 869         Window trans = 0;
 870         XWindowChanges wc;
 871
 872         if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
 873                 die("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 874         c->win = w;
 875
 876         /* geometry */
 877         c->x = wa->x;
 878         c->y = wa->y;
 879         c->w = wa->width;
 880         c->h = wa->height;
 881         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 882         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 883                 c->x = sx;
 884                 c->y = sy;
 885                 c->bw = 0;
 886         }
 887         else {
 888                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
 889                         c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 890                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
 891                         c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 892                 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 893                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 894                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 895                 c->bw = borderpx;
 896         }
 897
 898         wc.border_width = c->bw;
 899         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 900         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 901         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 902         updatesizehints(c);
 903         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 904         grabbuttons(c, False);
 905         updatetitle(c);
 906         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 907                 t = getclient(trans);
 908         if(t)
 909                 c->tags = t->tags;
 910         else
 911                 applyrules(c);
 912         if(!c->isfloating)
 913                 c->isfloating = trans || c->isfixed;
 914         if(c->isfloating)
 915                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 916         attach(c);
 917         attachstack(c);
 918         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 919         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 920         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 921         arrange();
 922 }
 923
 924 void
 925 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 926         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 927
 928         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 929         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 930                 grabkeys();
 931 }
 932
 933 void
 934 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 935         static XWindowAttributes wa;
 936         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 937
 938         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 939                 return;
 940         if(wa.override_redirect)
 941                 return;
 942         if(!getclient(ev->window))
 943                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
 944 }
 945
 946 void
 947 monocle(void) {
 948         Client *c;
 949
 950         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
 951                 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
 952 }
 953
 954 void
 955 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 956         int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 957         unsigned int dui;
 958         Client *c;
 959         Window dummy;
 960         XEvent ev;
 961
 962         if(!(c = sel))
 963                 return;
 964         restack();
 965         ocx = nx = c->x;
 966         ocy = ny = c->y;
 967         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 968         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 969                 return;
 970         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
 971         for(;;) {
 972                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 973                 switch (ev.type) {
 974                 case ButtonRelease:
 975                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 976                         return;
 977                 case ConfigureRequest:
 978                 case Expose:
 979                 case MapRequest:
 980                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 981                         break;
 982                 case MotionNotify:
 983                         XSync(dpy, False);
 984                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
 985                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
 986                         if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
 987                                 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
 988                                 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
 989                                         nx = wx;
 990                                 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 991                                         nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
 992                                 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
 993                                         ny = wy;
 994                                 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
 995                                         ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
 996                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
 997                                         togglefloating(NULL);
 998                         }
 999                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1000                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1001                         break;
1002                 }
1003         }
1004 }
1005
1006 Client *
1007 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1008         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1009         return c;
1010 }
1011
1012 void
1013 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1014         Client *c;
1015         Window trans;
1016         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1017
1018         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1019                 return; /* ignore */
1020         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1021                 switch (ev->atom) {
1022                 default: break;
1023                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1024                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1025                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1026                                 arrange();
1027                         break;
1028                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1029                         updatesizehints(c);
1030                         break;
1031                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1032                         updatewmhints(c);
1033                         drawbar();
1034                         break;
1035                 }
1036                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1037                         updatetitle(c);
1038                         if(c == sel)
1039                                 drawbar();
1040                 }
1041         }
1042 }
1043
1044 void
1045 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1046         readin = running = False;
1047 }
1048
1049 void
1050 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1051         XWindowChanges wc;
1052
1053         if(sizehints) {
1054                 /* set minimum possible */
1055                 w = MAX(1, w);
1056                 h = MAX(1, h);
1057
1058                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1059                 w -= c->basew;
1060                 h -= c->baseh;
1061
1062                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1063                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1064                         if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1065                                 w = h * c->maxa;
1066                         else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1067                                 h = w * c->mina;
1068                 }
1069
1070                 /* adjust for increment value */
1071                 if(c->incw)
1072                         w -= w % c->incw;
1073                 if(c->inch)
1074                         h -= h % c->inch;
1075
1076                 /* restore base dimensions */
1077                 w += c->basew;
1078                 h += c->baseh;
1079
1080                 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1081                 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1082
1083                 if(c->maxw)
1084                         w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1085
1086                 if(c->maxh)
1087                         h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1088         }
1089         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1090                 return;
1091         if(x > sx + sw)
1092                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1093         if(y > sy + sh)
1094                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1095         if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1096                 x = sx;
1097         if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1098                 y = sy;
1099         if(h < bh)
1100                 h = bh;
1101         if(w < bh)
1102                 w = bh;
1103         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1104                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1105                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1106                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1107                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1108                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1109                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1110                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1111                 configure(c);
1112                 XSync(dpy, False);
1113         }
1114 }
1115
1116 void
1117 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1118         int ocx, ocy;
1119         int nw, nh;
1120         Client *c;
1121         XEvent ev;
1122
1123         if(!(c = sel))
1124                 return;
1125         restack();
1126         ocx = c->x;
1127         ocy = c->y;
1128         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1129         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1130                 return;
1131         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1132         for(;;) {
1133                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1134                 switch(ev.type) {
1135                 case ButtonRelease:
1136                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1137                                         c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1138                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1139                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1140                         return;
1141                 case ConfigureRequest:
1142                 case Expose:
1143                 case MapRequest:
1144                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1145                         break;
1146                 case MotionNotify:
1147                         XSync(dpy, False);
1148                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1149                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1150
1151                         if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1152                                 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1153                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1154                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1155                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1156                         }
1157                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1158                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1159                         break;
1160                 }
1161         }
1162 }
1163
1164 void
1165 restack(void) {
1166         Client *c;
1167         XEvent ev;
1168         XWindowChanges wc;
1169
1170         drawbar();
1171         if(!sel)
1172                 return;
1173         if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1174                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1175         if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1176                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1177                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1178                 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1179                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1180                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1181                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1182                         }
1183         }
1184         XSync(dpy, False);
1185         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1186 }
1187
1188 void
1189 run(void) {
1190         char *p;
1191         char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1192         fd_set rd;
1193         int r, xfd;
1194         unsigned int len, offset;
1195         XEvent ev;
1196
1197         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1198         XSync(dpy, False);
1199         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1200         offset = 0;
1201         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1202         sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1203         while(running) {
1204                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1205                 if(readin)
1206                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1207                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1208                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1209                         if(errno == EINTR)
1210                                 continue;
1211                         die("select failed\n");
1212                 }
1213                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1214                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1215                         case -1:
1216                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1217                                 readin = False;
1218                                 break;
1219                         case 0:
1220                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1221                                 readin = False;
1222                                 break;
1223                         default:
1224                                 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1225                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1226                                                 *p = '\0';
1227                                                 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1228                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1229                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1230                                                 offset = r;
1231                                                 if(r)
1232                                                         memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1233                                                 break;
1234                                         }
1235                                 break;
1236                         }
1237                         drawbar();
1238                 }
1239                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1240                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1241                         if(handler[ev.type])
1242                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1243                 }
1244         }
1245 }
1246
1247 void
1248 scan(void) {
1249         unsigned int i, num;
1250         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1251         XWindowAttributes wa;
1252
1253         wins = NULL;
1254         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1255                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1256                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1257                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1258                                 continue;
1259                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1260                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1261                 }
1262                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1263                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1264                                 continue;
1265                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1266                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1267                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1268                 }
1269         }
1270         if(wins)
1271                 XFree(wins);
1272 }
1273
1274 void
1275 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1276         long data[] = {state, None};
1277
1278         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1279                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1280 }
1281
1282 void
1283 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1284         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1285                 sellt ^= 1;
1286         if(arg && arg->v)
1287                 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1288         if(sel)
1289                 arrange();
1290         else
1291                 drawbar();
1292 }
1293
1294 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1295 void
1296 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1297         float f;
1298
1299         if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1300                 return;
1301         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1302         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1303                 return;
1304         mfact = f;
1305         arrange();
1306 }
1307
1308 void
1309 setup(void) {
1310         unsigned int i;
1311         int w;
1312         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1313
1314         /* init screen */
1315         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1316         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1317         initfont(font);
1318         sx = 0;
1319         sy = 0;
1320         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1321         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1322         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1323         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1324         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1325         updategeom();
1326
1327         /* init atoms */
1328         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1329         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1330         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1331         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1332         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1333         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1334
1335         /* init cursors */
1336         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1337         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1338         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1339
1340         /* init appearance */
1341         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1342         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1343         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1344         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1345         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1346         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1347         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1348         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1349         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1350         if(!dc.font.set)
1351                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1352
1353         /* init bar */
1354         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1355                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1356                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1357         }
1358
1359         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1360         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1361         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1362
1363         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1364                         CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1365                         CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1366         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1367         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1368         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1369         drawbar();
1370
1371         /* EWMH support per view */
1372         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1373                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1374
1375         /* select for events */
1376         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1377                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1378         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1379         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1380
1381
1382         /* grab keys */
1383         grabkeys();
1384 }
1385
1386 void
1387 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1388         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1389          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1390         if(fork() == 0) {
1391                 if(fork() == 0) {
1392                         if(dpy)
1393                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1394                         setsid();
1395                         execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1396                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1397                         perror(" failed");
1398                 }
1399                 exit(0);
1400         }
1401         wait(0);
1402 }
1403
1404 void
1405 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1406         if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1407                 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1408                 arrange();
1409         }
1410 }
1411
1412 int
1413 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1414         XRectangle r;
1415
1416         if(dc.font.set) {
1417                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1418                 return r.width;
1419         }
1420         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1421 }
1422
1423 void
1424 tile(void) {
1425         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1426         unsigned int i, n;
1427         Client *c;
1428
1429         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1430         if(n == 0)
1431                 return;
1432
1433         /* master */
1434         c = nexttiled(clients);
1435         mw = mfact * ww;
1436         resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1437
1438         if(--n == 0)
1439                 return;
1440
1441         /* tile stack */
1442         x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1443         y = wy;
1444         w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1445         h = wh / n;
1446         if(h < bh)
1447                 h = wh;
1448
1449         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1450                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1451                        ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1452                 if(h != wh)
1453                         y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1454         }
1455 }
1456
1457 void
1458 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1459         showbar = !showbar;
1460         updategeom();
1461         updatebar();
1462         arrange();
1463 }
1464
1465 void
1466 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1467         if(!sel)
1468                 return;
1469         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1470         if(sel->isfloating)
1471                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1472         arrange();
1473 }
1474
1475 void
1476 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1477         unsigned int mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1478
1479         if(sel && mask) {
1480                 sel->tags = mask;
1481                 arrange();
1482         }
1483 }
1484
1485 void
1486 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1487         unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1488
1489         if(mask) {
1490                 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1491                 clearurgent();
1492                 arrange();
1493         }
1494 }
1495
1496 void
1497 unmanage(Client *c) {
1498         XWindowChanges wc;
1499
1500         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1501         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1502         XGrabServer(dpy);
1503         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1504         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1505         detach(c);
1506         detachstack(c);
1507         if(sel == c)
1508                 focus(NULL);
1509         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1510         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1511         free(c);
1512         XSync(dpy, False);
1513         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1514         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1515         arrange();
1516 }
1517
1518 void
1519 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1520         Client *c;
1521         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1522
1523         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1524                 unmanage(c);
1525 }
1526
1527 void
1528 updatebar(void) {
1529         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1530                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1531         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1532         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1533 }
1534
1535 void
1536 updategeom(void) {
1537 #ifdef XINERAMA
1538         int n, i = 0;
1539         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1540
1541         /* window area geometry */
1542         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1543                 if(n > 1) {
1544                         int di, x, y;
1545                         unsigned int dui;
1546                         Window dummy;
1547                         if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1548                                 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1549                                         if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1550                                                 break;
1551                 }
1552                 wx = info[i].x_org;
1553                 wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1554                 ww = info[i].width;
1555                 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1556                 XFree(info);
1557         }
1558         else
1559 #endif
1560         {
1561                 wx = sx;
1562                 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1563                 ww = sw;
1564                 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1565         }
1566
1567         /* bar position */
1568         by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1569 }
1570
1571 void
1572 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1573         long msize;
1574         XSizeHints size;
1575
1576         XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1577         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1578                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1579                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1580         }
1581         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1582                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1583                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1584         }
1585         else
1586                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1587         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1588                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1589                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1590         }
1591         else
1592                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1593         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1594                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1595                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1596         }
1597         else
1598                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1599         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1600                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1601                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1602         }
1603         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1604                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1605                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1606         }
1607         else
1608                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1609         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1610                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1611                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1612         }
1613         else
1614                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1615         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1616                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1617 }
1618
1619 void
1620 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1621         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1622                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1623 }
1624
1625 void
1626 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1627         XWMHints *wmh;
1628
1629         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1630                 if(ISVISIBLE(c) && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1631                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1632                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1633                 }
1634                 else
1635                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1636
1637                 XFree(wmh);
1638         }
1639 }
1640
1641 void
1642 view(const Arg *arg) {
1643         if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1644                 return;
1645         seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1646         if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1647                 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1648         clearurgent();
1649         arrange();
1650 }
1651
1652 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1653  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1654  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1655 int
1656 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1657         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1658         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1659         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1660         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1662         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1663         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1664         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1665         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1666                 return 0;
1667         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1668                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1669         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1670 }
1671
1672 int
1673 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1674         return 0;
1675 }
1676
1677 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1678  * is already running. */
1679 int
1680 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1681         otherwm = True;
1682         return -1;
1683 }
1684
1685 void
1686 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1687         Client *c = sel;
1688
1689         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1690                 return;
1691         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1692                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1693                         return;
1694         detach(c);
1695         attach(c);
1696         focus(c);
1697         arrange();
1698 }
1699
1700 int
1701 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1702         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1703                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1704         else if(argc != 1)
1705                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1706
1707         if(!XSupportsLocale())
1708                 fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1709
1710         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1711                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1712
1713         checkotherwm();
1714         setup();
1715         scan();
1716         run();
1717         cleanup();
1718
1719         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1720         return 0;
1721 }