dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11  * in O(1) time.
  12  *
  13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a linked client
  15  * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
  16  * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17  * client.
  18  *
  19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20  *
  21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22  */
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <locale.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <stdio.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <string.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <sys/types.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39 #ifdef XINERAMA
  40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41 #endif /* XINERAMA */
  42
  43 /* macros */
  44 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47 #define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
  48 #define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
  49 #define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
  50 #define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
  51 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  52 #define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
  53 #define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
  54 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  55 #define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
  56
  57 /* enums */
  58 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  59 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  60 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  61 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  62 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  63        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  64
  65 typedef union {
  66         int i;
  67         unsigned int ui;
  68         float f;
  69         void *v;
  70 } Arg;
  71
  72 typedef struct {
  73         unsigned int click;
  74         unsigned int mask;
  75         unsigned int button;
  76         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  77         const Arg arg;
  78 } Button;
  79
  80 typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
  81 typedef struct Client Client;
  82 struct Client {
  83         char name[256];
  84         float mina, maxa;
  85         int x, y, w, h;
  86         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87         int bw, oldbw;
  88         unsigned int tags;
  89         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90         Client *next;
  91         Client *snext;
  92         Monitor *mon;
  93         Window win;
  94 };
  95
  96 typedef struct {
  97         int x, y, w, h;
  98         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  99         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 100         Drawable drawable;
 101         GC gc;
 102         struct {
 103                 int ascent;
 104                 int descent;
 105                 int height;
 106                 XFontSet set;
 107                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 108         } font;
 109 } DC; /* draw context */
 110
 111 typedef struct {
 112         unsigned int mod;
 113         KeySym keysym;
 114         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 115         const Arg arg;
 116 } Key;
 117
 118 typedef struct {
 119         const char *symbol;
 120         void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
 121 } Layout;
 122
 123 struct Monitor {
 124         int screen_number;
 125         float mfact;
 126         int by, btx;          /* bar geometry */
 127         int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
 128         int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
 129         unsigned int seltags;
 130         unsigned int sellt;
 131         unsigned int tagset[2];
 132         Bool showbar;
 133         Bool topbar;
 134         Client *clients;
 135         Client *sel;
 136         Client *stack;
 137         Monitor *next;
 138         Window barwin;
 139 };
 140
 141 typedef struct {
 142         const char *class;
 143         const char *instance;
 144         const char *title;
 145         unsigned int tags;
 146         Bool isfloating;
 147 } Rule;
 148
 149 /* function declarations */
 150 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 151 static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact);
 152 static void arrange(void);
 153 static void attach(Client *c);
 154 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 155 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 156 static void checkotherwm(void);
 157 static void cleanup(void);
 158 static void cleanupmons(void);
 159 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 160 static void configure(Client *c);
 161 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 162 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 163 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 164 static void detach(Client *c);
 165 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 166 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 167 static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
 168 static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
 169 static void drawbars(void);
 170 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 171 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 172 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 173 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 174 static void focus(Client *c);
 175 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 176 static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
 177 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 178 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 179 static Bool getrootpointer(int *x, int *y);
 180 static long getstate(Window w);
 181 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 182 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 183 static void grabkeys(void);
 184 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 185 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 186 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 187 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 188 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 189 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 190 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 191 static void monocle(Monitor *m);
 192 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 193 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 194 static Monitor *pointertomon(int x, int y);
 195 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 196 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 197 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact);
 198 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 199 static void restack(Monitor *m);
 200 static void run(void);
 201 static void scan(void);
 202 static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
 203 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 204 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 205 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 206 static void setup(void);
 207 static void showhide(Client *c);
 208 static void sigchld(int signal);
 209 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 210 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 211 static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
 212 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 213 static void tile(Monitor *);
 214 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 215 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 216 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 217 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 218 static void unfocus(Client *c);
 219 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 220 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 221 static void updategeom(void);
 222 static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
 223 static void updatebars(void);
 224 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 225 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 226 static void updatestatus(void);
 227 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 228 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 229 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 230 static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
 231 static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
 232 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 233 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 234 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 235 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 236
 237 /* variables */
 238 static char stext[256];
 239 static int screen;
 240 static int sw, sh;   /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 241 static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
 242 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 243 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 244 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 245         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 246         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 247         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 248         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 249         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 250         [Expose] = expose,
 251         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 252         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 253         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 254         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 255         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 256         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 257 };
 258 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 259 static Bool otherwm;
 260 static Bool running = True;
 261 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 262 static Display *dpy;
 263 static DC dc;
 264 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 265 static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
 266 static Window root;
 267 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 268 #include "config.h"
 269
 270 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 271 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 272
 273 /* function implementations */
 274 void
 275 applyrules(Client *c) {
 276         unsigned int i;
 277         Rule *r;
 278         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 279
 280         /* rule matching */
 281         c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
 282         if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 283                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 284                         r = &rules[i];
 285                         if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 286                         && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 287                         && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 288                                 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 289                                 c->tags |= r->tags;
 290                         }
 291                 }
 292                 if(ch.res_class)
 293                         XFree(ch.res_class);
 294                 if(ch.res_name)
 295                         XFree(ch.res_name);
 296         }
 297         c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
 298 }
 299
 300 Bool
 301 applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact) {
 302         Bool baseismin;
 303         Monitor *m = c->mon;
 304
 305         /* set minimum possible */
 306         *w = MAX(1, *w);
 307         *h = MAX(1, *h);
 308
 309         if(interact) {
 310                 if(*x > sw)
 311                         *x = sw - WIDTH(c);
 312                 if(*y > sh)
 313                         *y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
 314                 if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 315                         *x = 0;
 316                 if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
 317                         *y = 0;
 318         }
 319         else {
 320                 if(*x > m->mx + m->mw)
 321                         *x = m->mx + m->mw - WIDTH(c);
 322                 if(*y > m->my + m->mh)
 323                         *y = m->my + m->mh - HEIGHT(c);
 324                 if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < m->mx)
 325                         *x = m->mx;
 326                 if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < m->my)
 327                         *y = m->my;
 328         }
 329         if(*h < bh)
 330                 *h = bh;
 331         if(*w < bh)
 332                 *w = bh;
 333         if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
 334                 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 335                 baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 336                 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 337                         *w -= c->basew;
 338                         *h -= c->baseh;
 339                 }
 340                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
 341                 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 342                         if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 343                                 *w = *h * c->maxa;
 344                         else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 345                                 *h = *w * c->mina;
 346                 }
 347                 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 348                         *w -= c->basew;
 349                         *h -= c->baseh;
 350                 }
 351                 /* adjust for increment value */
 352                 if(c->incw)
 353                         *w -= *w % c->incw;
 354                 if(c->inch)
 355                         *h -= *h % c->inch;
 356                 /* restore base dimensions */
 357                 *w += c->basew;
 358                 *h += c->baseh;
 359                 *w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
 360                 *h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
 361                 if(c->maxw)
 362                         *w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 363                 if(c->maxh)
 364                         *h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 365         }
 366         return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
 367 }
 368
 369 void
 370 arrange(void) {
 371         Monitor *m;
 372
 373         /* optimise two loops into one, check focus(NULL) */
 374         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 375                 showhide(m->stack);
 376         focus(NULL);
 377         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
 378                 if(lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
 379                         lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
 380                 restack(m);
 381         }
 382 }
 383
 384 void
 385 attach(Client *c) {
 386         c->next = c->mon->clients;
 387         c->mon->clients = c;
 388 }
 389
 390 void
 391 attachstack(Client *c) {
 392         c->snext = c->mon->stack;
 393         c->mon->stack = c;
 394 }
 395
 396 void
 397 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 398         unsigned int i, x, click;
 399         Arg arg = {0};
 400         Client *c;
 401         Monitor *m;
 402         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 403
 404         click = ClkRootWin;
 405         /* focus monitor if necessary */
 406         if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 407                 unfocus(selmon->sel);
 408                 selmon = m;
 409                 focus(NULL);
 410         }
 411         if(ev->window == selmon->barwin && ev->x >= selmon->btx) {
 412                 i = 0;
 413                 x = selmon->btx;
 414                 do
 415                         x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
 416                 while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 417                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 418                         click = ClkTagBar;
 419                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 420                 }
 421                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 422                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 423                 else if(ev->x > selmon->wx + selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
 424                         click = ClkStatusText;
 425                 else
 426                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 427         }
 428         else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 429                 focus(c);
 430                 click = ClkClientWin;
 431         }
 432         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 433                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 434                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 435                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 436 }
 437
 438 void
 439 checkotherwm(void) {
 440         otherwm = False;
 441         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 442         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 443         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 444         XSync(dpy, False);
 445         if(otherwm)
 446                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 447         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 448         XSync(dpy, False);
 449 }
 450
 451 void
 452 cleanup(void) {
 453         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 454         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 455         Monitor *m;
 456
 457         view(&a);
 458         lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
 459         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 460                 while(m->stack)
 461                         unmanage(m->stack);
 462         if(dc.font.set)
 463                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 464         else
 465                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 466         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 467         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 468         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 469         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 470         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 471         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 472         cleanupmons();
 473         XSync(dpy, False);
 474         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 475 }
 476
 477 void
 478 cleanupmons(void) {
 479         Monitor *m;
 480
 481         while(mons) {
 482                 m = mons->next;
 483                 XUnmapWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 484                 XDestroyWindow(dpy, mons->barwin);
 485                 free(mons);
 486                 mons = m;
 487         }
 488 }
 489
 490 void
 491 clearurgent(Client *c) {
 492         XWMHints *wmh;
 493
 494         c->isurgent = False;
 495         if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 496                 return;
 497         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 498         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 499         XFree(wmh);
 500 }
 501
 502 void
 503 configure(Client *c) {
 504         XConfigureEvent ce;
 505
 506         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 507         ce.display = dpy;
 508         ce.event = c->win;
 509         ce.window = c->win;
 510         ce.x = c->x;
 511         ce.y = c->y;
 512         ce.width = c->w;
 513         ce.height = c->h;
 514         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 515         ce.above = None;
 516         ce.override_redirect = False;
 517         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 518 }
 519
 520 void
 521 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 522         Monitor *m;
 523         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 524
 525         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 526                 sw = ev->width;
 527                 sh = ev->height;
 528                 updategeom();
 529                 if(dc.drawable != 0)
 530                         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 531                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 532                 updatebars();
 533                 for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 534                         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
 535                 arrange();
 536         }
 537 }
 538
 539 void
 540 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 541         Client *c;
 542         Monitor *m;
 543         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 544         XWindowChanges wc;
 545
 546         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
 547                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 548                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 549                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
 550                         m = c->mon;
 551                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 552                                 c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
 553                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 554                                 c->y = m->my + ev->y;
 555                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 556                                 c->w = ev->width;
 557                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 558                                 c->h = ev->height;
 559                         if((c->x - m->mx + c->w) > m->mw && c->isfloating)
 560                                 c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 561                         if((c->y - m->my + c->h) > m->mh && c->isfloating)
 562                                 c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 563                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 564                                 configure(c);
 565                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 566                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 567                 }
 568                 else
 569                         configure(c);
 570         }
 571         else {
 572                 wc.x = ev->x;
 573                 wc.y = ev->y;
 574                 wc.width = ev->width;
 575                 wc.height = ev->height;
 576                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 577                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 578                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 579                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 580         }
 581         XSync(dpy, False);
 582 }
 583
 584 void
 585 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 586         Client *c;
 587         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 588
 589         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 590                 unmanage(c);
 591 }
 592
 593 void
 594 detach(Client *c) {
 595         Client **tc;
 596
 597         for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 598         *tc = c->next;
 599 }
 600
 601 void
 602 detachstack(Client *c) {
 603         Client **tc, *t;
 604
 605         for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 606         *tc = c->snext;
 607
 608         if(c == c->mon->sel) {
 609                 for(t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
 610                 c->mon->sel = t;
 611         }
 612 }
 613
 614 void
 615 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 616         va_list ap;
 617
 618         va_start(ap, errstr);
 619         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 620         va_end(ap);
 621         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 622 }
 623
 624 Monitor *
 625 dirtomon(int dir) {
 626         Monitor *m = NULL;
 627
 628         if(dir > 0)
 629                 if(!(m = selmon->next))
 630                         m = mons;
 631         else {
 632                 if(selmon == mons)
 633                         for(m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
 634                 else
 635                         for(m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
 636         }
 637         return m;
 638 }
 639
 640 void
 641 drawbar(Monitor *m) {
 642         int x;
 643         unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 644         unsigned long *col;
 645         Client *c;
 646
 647         for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
 648                 occ |= c->tags;
 649                 if(c->isurgent)
 650                         urg |= c->tags;
 651         }
 652         dc.x = 0;
 653         if(mons->next) { /* more than a single monitor */
 654                 dc.w = TEXTW(monsyms[m->screen_number]);
 655                 drawtext(monsyms[m->screen_number], selmon == m ? dc.sel : dc.norm, False);
 656                 dc.x += dc.w;
 657         }
 658         m->btx = dc.x;
 659         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 660                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 661                 col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 662                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 663                 drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
 664                            occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 665                 dc.x += dc.w;
 666         }
 667         if(blw > 0) {
 668                 dc.w = blw;
 669                 drawtext(lt[m->sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 670                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 671         }
 672         else
 673                 x = dc.x;
 674         if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
 675                 dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 676                 dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
 677                 if(dc.x < x) {
 678                         dc.x = x;
 679                         dc.w = m->ww - x;
 680                 }
 681                 drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 682         }
 683         else
 684                 dc.x = m->ww;
 685         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 686                 dc.x = x;
 687                 if(m->sel) {
 688                         col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 689                         drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
 690                         drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
 691                 }
 692                 else
 693                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 694         }
 695         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
 696         XSync(dpy, False);
 697 }
 698
 699 void
 700 drawbars(void) {
 701         Monitor *m;
 702
 703         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
 704                 drawbar(m);
 705 }
 706
 707 void
 708 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 709         int x;
 710         XGCValues gcv;
 711         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 712
 713         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 714         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 715         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 716         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 717         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 718         if(filled) {
 719                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 720                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 721         }
 722         else if(empty) {
 723                 r.width = r.height = x;
 724                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 725         }
 726 }
 727
 728 void
 729 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 730         char buf[256];
 731         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 732         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 733
 734         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 735         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 736         if(!text)
 737                 return;
 738         olen = strlen(text);
 739         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 740         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 741         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 742         /* shorten text if necessary */
 743         for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 744         if(!len)
 745                 return;
 746         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 747         if(len < olen)
 748                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 749         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 750         if(dc.font.set)
 751                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 752         else
 753                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 754 }
 755
 756 void
 757 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 758         Client *c;
 759         Monitor *m;
 760         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 761
 762         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 763                 return;
 764         if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
 765                 unfocus(selmon->sel);
 766                 selmon = m;
 767         }
 768         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
 769                 focus(c);
 770         else
 771                 focus(NULL);
 772 }
 773
 774 void
 775 expose(XEvent *e) {
 776         Monitor *m;
 777         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 778
 779         if(ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
 780                 drawbar(m);
 781 }
 782
 783 void
 784 focus(Client *c) {
 785         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 786                 for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 787         if(selmon->sel)
 788                 unfocus(selmon->sel);
 789         if(c) {
 790                 if(c->mon != selmon)
 791                         selmon = c->mon;
 792                 if(c->isurgent)
 793                         clearurgent(c);
 794                 detachstack(c);
 795                 attachstack(c);
 796                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 797                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 798                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 799         }
 800         else
 801                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 802         selmon->sel = c;
 803         drawbars();
 804 }
 805
 806 void
 807 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 808         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 809
 810         if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
 811                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, selmon->sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 812 }
 813
 814 void
 815 focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
 816         Monitor *m = NULL;
 817
 818         if(!mons->next)
 819                 return;
 820         m = dirtomon(arg->i);
 821         unfocus(selmon->sel);
 822         selmon = m;
 823         focus(NULL);
 824 }
 825
 826 void
 827 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 828         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 829
 830         if(!selmon->sel)
 831                 return;
 832         if(arg->i > 0) {
 833                 for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 834                 if(!c)
 835                         for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 836         }
 837         else {
 838                 for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
 839                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 840                                 c = i;
 841                 if(!c)
 842                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 843                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 844                                         c = i;
 845         }
 846         if(c) {
 847                 focus(c);
 848                 restack(selmon);
 849         }
 850 }
 851
 852 unsigned long
 853 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 854         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 855         XColor color;
 856
 857         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 858                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 859         return color.pixel;
 860 }
 861
 862 Bool
 863 getrootpointer(int *x, int *y) {
 864         int di;
 865         unsigned int dui;
 866         Window dummy;
 867
 868         return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
 869 }
 870
 871 long
 872 getstate(Window w) {
 873         int format, status;
 874         long result = -1;
 875         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 876         unsigned long n, extra;
 877         Atom real;
 878
 879         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 880                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 881         if(status != Success)
 882                 return -1;
 883         if(n != 0)
 884                 result = *p;
 885         XFree(p);
 886         return result;
 887 }
 888
 889 Bool
 890 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 891         char **list = NULL;
 892         int n;
 893         XTextProperty name;
 894
 895         if(!text || size == 0)
 896                 return False;
 897         text[0] = '\0';
 898         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 899         if(!name.nitems)
 900                 return False;
 901         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 902                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 903         else {
 904                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 905                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 906                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 907                         XFreeStringList(list);
 908                 }
 909         }
 910         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 911         XFree(name.value);
 912         return True;
 913 }
 914
 915 void
 916 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 917         updatenumlockmask();
 918         {
 919                 unsigned int i, j;
 920                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 921                 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 922                 if(focused) {
 923                         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 924                                 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 925                                         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 926                                                 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
 927                                                             buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
 928                                                             c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 929                                                             GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 930                 } else
 931                         XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 932                                     BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 933         }
 934 }
 935
 936 void
 937 grabkeys(void) {
 938         updatenumlockmask();
 939         {
 940                 unsigned int i, j;
 941                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 942                 KeyCode code;
 943
 944                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 945                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 946                         if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 947                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 948                                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 949                                                  True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 950                 }
 951         }
 952 }
 953
 954 void
 955 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 956         char *def, **missing;
 957         int i, n;
 958
 959         missing = NULL;
 960         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 961         if(missing) {
 962                 while(n--)
 963                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 964                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 965         }
 966         if(dc.font.set) {
 967                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 968                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 969                 char **font_names;
 970                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 971                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 972                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 973                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 974                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 975                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 976                         xfonts++;
 977                 }
 978         }
 979         else {
 980                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 981                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 982                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 983                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 984                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 985         }
 986         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 987 }
 988
 989 Bool
 990 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 991         int i, n;
 992         Atom *protocols;
 993         Bool ret = False;
 994
 995         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 996                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 997                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 998                                 ret = True;
 999                 XFree(protocols);
1000         }
1001         return ret;
1002 }
1003
1004 void
1005 keypress(XEvent *e) {
1006         unsigned int i;
1007         KeySym keysym;
1008         XKeyEvent *ev;
1009
1010         ev = &e->xkey;
1011         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1012         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1013                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1014                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
1015                    && keys[i].func)
1016                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
1017 }
1018
1019 void
1020 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
1021         XEvent ev;
1022
1023         if(!selmon->sel)
1024                 return;
1025         if(isprotodel(selmon->sel)) {
1026                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
1027                 ev.xclient.window = selmon->sel->win;
1028                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1029                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
1030                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1031                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1032                 XSendEvent(dpy, selmon->sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1033         }
1034         else
1035                 XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
1036 }
1037
1038 void
1039 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1040         static Client cz;
1041         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1042         Window trans = None;
1043         XWindowChanges wc;
1044
1045         if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
1046                 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
1047         *c = cz;
1048         c->win = w;
1049         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
1050                 t = wintoclient(trans);
1051         if(t) {
1052                 c->mon = t->mon;
1053                 c->tags = t->tags;
1054         }
1055         else {
1056                 c->mon = selmon;
1057                 applyrules(c);
1058         }
1059         /* geometry */
1060         c->x = wa->x + c->mon->wx;
1061         c->y = wa->y + c->mon->wy;
1062         c->w = wa->width;
1063         c->h = wa->height;
1064         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
1065         if(c->w == c->mon->mw && c->h == c->mon->mh) {
1066                 c->x = c->mon->mx;
1067                 c->y = c->mon->my;
1068                 c->bw = 0;
1069         }
1070         else {
1071                 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw)
1072                         c->x = c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw - WIDTH(c);
1073                 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh)
1074                         c->y = c->mon->my + c->mon->mh - HEIGHT(c);
1075                 c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->mx);
1076                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
1077                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
1078                            && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : c->mon->my);
1079                 c->bw = borderpx;
1080         }
1081         wc.border_width = c->bw;
1082         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1083         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1084         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1085         updatesizehints(c);
1086         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1087         grabbuttons(c, False);
1088         updatetitle(c);
1089         if(!c->isfloating)
1090                 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
1091         if(c->isfloating)
1092                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
1093         attach(c);
1094         attachstack(c);
1095         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1096         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1097         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1098         arrange();
1099 }
1100
1101 void
1102 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1103         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1104
1105         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1106         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1107                 grabkeys();
1108 }
1109
1110 void
1111 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1112         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1113         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1114
1115         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1116                 return;
1117         if(wa.override_redirect)
1118                 return;
1119         if(!wintoclient(ev->window))
1120                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1121 }
1122
1123 void
1124 monocle(Monitor *m) {
1125         Client *c;
1126
1127         for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1128                 resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1129 }
1130
1131 void
1132 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1133         int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
1134         Client *c;
1135         Monitor *m;
1136         XEvent ev;
1137
1138         if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1139                 return;
1140         restack(selmon);
1141         ocx = c->x;
1142         ocy = c->y;
1143         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1144         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1145                 return;
1146         if(!getrootpointer(&x, &y))
1147                 return;
1148         do {
1149                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1150                 switch (ev.type) {
1151                 case ConfigureRequest:
1152                 case Expose:
1153                 case MapRequest:
1154                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1155                         break;
1156                 case MotionNotify:
1157                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1158                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1159                         if(snap && nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1160                                 && ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1161                                 if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
1162                                         nx = selmon->wx;
1163                                 else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1164                                         nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
1165                                 if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
1166                                         ny = selmon->wy;
1167                                 else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1168                                         ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
1169                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1170                                                   && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1171                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1172                         }
1173                         if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1174                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, True);
1175                         break;
1176                 }
1177         }
1178         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1179         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1180         if((m = pointertomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1181                 sendmon(c, m);
1182                 selmon = m;
1183                 focus(NULL);
1184         }
1185 }
1186
1187 Client *
1188 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1189         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1190         return c;
1191 }
1192
1193 Monitor *
1194 pointertomon(int x, int y) {
1195         Monitor *m;
1196
1197         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1198                 if(INRECT(x, y, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww, m->wh))
1199                         return m;
1200         return selmon;
1201 }
1202
1203 void
1204 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1205         Client *c;
1206         Window trans;
1207         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1208
1209         if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1210                 updatestatus();
1211         else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1212                 return; /* ignore */
1213         else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
1214                 switch (ev->atom) {
1215                 default: break;
1216                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1217                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1218                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans) != NULL)))
1219                                 arrange();
1220                         break;
1221                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1222                         updatesizehints(c);
1223                         break;
1224                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1225                         updatewmhints(c);
1226                         drawbars();
1227                         break;
1228                 }
1229                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1230                         updatetitle(c);
1231                         if(c == selmon->sel)
1232                                 drawbars();
1233                 }
1234         }
1235 }
1236
1237 void
1238 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1239         running = False;
1240 }
1241
1242 void
1243 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact) {
1244         XWindowChanges wc;
1245
1246         if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact)) {
1247                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1248                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1249                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1250                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1251                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1252                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1253                 configure(c);
1254                 XSync(dpy, False);
1255         }
1256 }
1257
1258 void
1259 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1260         int ocx, ocy;
1261         int nw, nh;
1262         Client *c;
1263         Monitor *m;
1264         XEvent ev;
1265
1266         if(!(c = selmon->sel))
1267                 return;
1268         restack(selmon);
1269         ocx = c->x;
1270         ocy = c->y;
1271         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1272         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1273                 return;
1274         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1275         do {
1276                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1277                 switch(ev.type) {
1278                 case ConfigureRequest:
1279                 case Expose:
1280                 case MapRequest:
1281                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1282                         break;
1283                 case MotionNotify:
1284                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1285                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1286                         if(snap && nw >= selmon->wx && nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
1287                                 && nh >= selmon->wy && nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
1288                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1289                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1290                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1291                         }
1292                         if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1293                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1294                         break;
1295                 }
1296         }
1297         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1298         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1299         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1300         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1301         if((m = pointertomon(c->x + c->w / 2, c->y + c->h / 2)) != selmon) {
1302                 sendmon(c, m);
1303                 selmon = m;
1304                 focus(NULL);
1305         }
1306 }
1307
1308 void
1309 restack(Monitor *m) {
1310         Client *c;
1311         XEvent ev;
1312         XWindowChanges wc;
1313
1314         drawbars();
1315         if(!m->sel)
1316                 return;
1317         if(m->sel->isfloating || !lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
1318                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
1319         if(lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
1320                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1321                 wc.sibling = m->barwin;
1322                 for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
1323                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1324                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1325                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1326                         }
1327         }
1328         XSync(dpy, False);
1329         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1330 }
1331
1332 void
1333 run(void) {
1334         XEvent ev;
1335
1336         /* main event loop */
1337         XSync(dpy, False);
1338         while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1339                 if(handler[ev.type])
1340                         (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1341         }
1342 }
1343
1344 void
1345 scan(void) {
1346         unsigned int i, num;
1347         Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1348         XWindowAttributes wa;
1349
1350         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1351                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1352                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1353                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1354                                 continue;
1355                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1356                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1357                 }
1358                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1359                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1360                                 continue;
1361                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1362                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1363                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1364                 }
1365                 if(wins)
1366                         XFree(wins);
1367         }
1368 }
1369
1370 void
1371 sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m) {
1372         if(c->mon == m)
1373                 return;
1374         unfocus(c);
1375         detach(c);
1376         detachstack(c);
1377         c->mon = m;
1378         c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
1379         attach(c);
1380         attachstack(c);
1381         focus(NULL);
1382         arrange();
1383 }
1384
1385 void
1386 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1387         long data[] = {state, None};
1388
1389         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1390                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1391 }
1392
1393 void
1394 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1395         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[selmon->sellt])
1396                 selmon->sellt ^= 1;
1397         if(arg && arg->v)
1398                 lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1399         if(selmon->sel)
1400                 arrange();
1401         else
1402                 drawbars();
1403 }
1404
1405 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1406 void
1407 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1408         float f;
1409
1410         if(!arg || !lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
1411                 return;
1412         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1413         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1414                 return;
1415         selmon->mfact = f;
1416         arrange();
1417 }
1418
1419 void
1420 setup(void) {
1421         unsigned int i;
1422         int w;
1423         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1424
1425         /* init screen */
1426         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1427         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1428         initfont(font);
1429         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1430         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1431         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1432         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1433         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1434         updategeom();
1435         /* init atoms */
1436         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1437         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1438         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1439         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1440         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1441         /* init cursors */
1442         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1443         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1444         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1445         /* init appearance */
1446         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1447         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1448         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1449         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1450         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1451         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1452         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1453         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1454         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1455         if(!dc.font.set)
1456                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1457         /* init bars */
1458         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1459                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1460                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1461         }
1462         updatebars();
1463         updatestatus();
1464         /* EWMH support per view */
1465         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1466                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1467         /* select for events */
1468         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1469         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1470                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1471                         |PropertyChangeMask;
1472         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1473         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1474         grabkeys();
1475 }
1476
1477 void
1478 showhide(Client *c) {
1479         if(!c)
1480                 return;
1481         if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1482                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1483                 if(!lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1484                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, False);
1485                 showhide(c->snext);
1486         }
1487         else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1488                 showhide(c->snext);
1489                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1490         }
1491 }
1492
1493
1494 void
1495 sigchld(int signal) {
1496         while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1497 }
1498
1499 void
1500 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1501         signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1502         if(fork() == 0) {
1503                 if(dpy)
1504                         close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1505                 setsid();
1506                 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1507                 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1508                 perror(" failed");
1509                 exit(0);
1510         }
1511 }
1512
1513 void
1514 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1515         if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1516                 selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1517                 arrange();
1518         }
1519 }
1520
1521 void
1522 tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
1523         if(!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
1524                 return
1525         sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
1526 }
1527
1528 int
1529 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1530         XRectangle r;
1531
1532         if(dc.font.set) {
1533                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1534                 return r.width;
1535         }
1536         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1537 }
1538
1539 void
1540 tile(Monitor *m) {
1541         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1542         unsigned int i, n;
1543         Client *c;
1544
1545         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1546         if(n == 0)
1547                 return;
1548         /* master */
1549         c = nexttiled(m->clients);
1550         mw = m->mfact * m->ww;
1551         resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, (n == 1 ? m->ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
1552         if(--n == 0)
1553                 return;
1554         /* tile stack */
1555         x = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : m->wx + mw;
1556         y = m->wy;
1557         w = (m->wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? m->wx + m->ww - x : m->ww - mw;
1558         h = m->wh / n;
1559         if(h < bh)
1560                 h = m->wh;
1561         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1562                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1563                        ? m->wy + m->wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), False);
1564                 if(h != m->wh)
1565                         y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1566         }
1567 }
1568
1569 void
1570 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1571         selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
1572         updatebarpos(selmon);
1573         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
1574         arrange();
1575 }
1576
1577 void
1578 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1579         if(!selmon->sel)
1580                 return;
1581         selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
1582         if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
1583                 resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
1584                        selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, False);
1585         arrange();
1586 }
1587
1588 void
1589 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1590         unsigned int mask;
1591
1592         if(!selmon->sel)
1593                 return;
1594         mask = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1595         if(mask) {
1596                 selmon->sel->tags = mask;
1597                 arrange();
1598         }
1599 }
1600
1601 void
1602 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1603         unsigned int mask = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1604
1605         if(mask) {
1606                 selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = mask;
1607                 arrange();
1608         }
1609 }
1610
1611 void
1612 unfocus(Client *c) {
1613         if(!c)
1614                 return;
1615         grabbuttons(c, False);
1616         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1617         XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1618 }
1619
1620 void
1621 unmanage(Client *c) {
1622         XWindowChanges wc;
1623
1624         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1625         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1626         XGrabServer(dpy);
1627         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1628         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1629         detach(c);
1630         detachstack(c);
1631         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1632         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1633         free(c);
1634         XSync(dpy, False);
1635         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1636         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1637         focus(NULL);
1638         arrange();
1639 }
1640
1641 void
1642 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1643         Client *c;
1644         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1645
1646         if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
1647                 unmanage(c);
1648 }
1649
1650 void
1651 updatebars(void) {
1652         Monitor *m;
1653         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1654
1655         wa.override_redirect = True;
1656         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1657         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1658         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
1659                 m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1660                                           CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1661                                           CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1662                 XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1663                 XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
1664         }
1665 }
1666
1667 void
1668 updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
1669         m->wy = m->my;
1670         m->wh = m->mh;
1671         if(m->showbar) {
1672                 m->wh -= bh;
1673                 m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
1674                 m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
1675         }
1676         else
1677                 m->by = -bh;
1678 }
1679
1680 void
1681 updategeom(void) {
1682         int i, n = 1;
1683         Client *c;
1684         Monitor *newmons = NULL, *m, *tm;
1685
1686 #ifdef XINERAMA
1687         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1688
1689         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy))
1690                 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n);
1691 #endif /* XINERAMA */
1692         /* allocate monitor(s) for the new geometry setup */
1693         for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1694                 m = (Monitor *)malloc(sizeof(Monitor));
1695                 m->next = newmons;
1696                 newmons = m;
1697         }
1698         /* initialise monitor(s) */
1699 #ifdef XINERAMA
1700         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1701                 for(i = 0, m = newmons; m; m = m->next, i++) {
1702                         m->screen_number = info[i].screen_number;
1703                         m->mx = m->wx = info[i].x_org;
1704                         m->my = m->wy = info[i].y_org;
1705                         m->mw = m->ww = info[i].width;
1706                         m->mh = m->wh = info[i].height;
1707                 }
1708                 XFree(info);
1709         }
1710         else
1711 #endif /* XINERAMA */
1712         /* default monitor setup */
1713         {
1714                 m->screen_number = 0;
1715                 m->mx = m->wx = 0;
1716                 m->my = m->wy = 0;
1717                 m->mw = m->ww = sw;
1718                 m->mh = m->wh = sh;
1719         }
1720         /* bar geometry setup */
1721         for(m = newmons; m; m = m->next) {
1722                 m->sel = m->stack = m->clients = NULL;
1723                 m->seltags = 0;
1724                 m->sellt = 0;
1725                 m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
1726                 m->mfact = mfact;
1727                 m->showbar = SHOWBAR;
1728                 m->topbar = TOPBAR;
1729                 updatebarpos(m);
1730         }
1731         /* reassign left over clients of disappeared monitors */
1732         for(tm = mons; tm; tm = tm->next)
1733                 while(tm->clients) {
1734                         c = tm->clients;
1735                         tm->clients = c->next;
1736                         detachstack(c);
1737                         c->mon = newmons;
1738                         attach(c);
1739                         attachstack(c);
1740                 }
1741         /* select focused monitor */
1742         cleanupmons();
1743         selmon = mons = newmons;
1744         selmon = wintomon(root);
1745 }
1746
1747 void
1748 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1749         unsigned int i, j;
1750         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1751
1752         numlockmask = 0;
1753         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1754         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1755                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1756                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1757                            == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1758                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1759         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1760 }
1761
1762 void
1763 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1764         long msize;
1765         XSizeHints size;
1766
1767         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1768                 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1769                 size.flags = PSize;
1770         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1771                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1772                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1773         }
1774         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1775                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1776                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1777         }
1778         else
1779                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1780         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1781                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1782                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1783         }
1784         else
1785                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1786         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1787                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1788                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1789         }
1790         else
1791                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1792         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1793                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1794                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1795         }
1796         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1797                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1798                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1799         }
1800         else
1801                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1802         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1803                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1804                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1805         }
1806         else
1807                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1808         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1809                      && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1810 }
1811
1812 void
1813 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1814         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1815                 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1816 }
1817
1818 void
1819 updatestatus(void) {
1820         if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1821                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1822         drawbar(selmon);
1823 }
1824
1825 void
1826 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1827         XWMHints *wmh;
1828
1829         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1830                 if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1831                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1832                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1833                 }
1834                 else
1835                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1836                 XFree(wmh);
1837         }
1838 }
1839
1840 void
1841 view(const Arg *arg) {
1842         if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
1843                 return;
1844         selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1845         if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1846                 selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1847         arrange();
1848 }
1849
1850 Client *
1851 wintoclient(Window w) {
1852         Client *c;
1853         Monitor *m;
1854
1855         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1856                 for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
1857                         if(c->win == w)
1858                                 return c;
1859         return NULL;
1860 }
1861
1862 Monitor *
1863 wintomon(Window w) {
1864         int x, y;
1865         Client *c;
1866         Monitor *m;
1867
1868         if(w == root && getrootpointer(&x, &y))
1869                 return pointertomon(x, y);
1870         for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
1871                 if(w == m->barwin)
1872                         return m;
1873         if((c = wintoclient(w)))
1874                 return c->mon;
1875         return selmon;
1876 }
1877
1878 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1879  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1880  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1881 int
1882 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1883         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1884         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1885         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1886         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1887         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1888         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1889         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1890         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1891         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1892                 return 0;
1893         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1894                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1895         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1896 }
1897
1898 int
1899 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1900         return 0;
1901 }
1902
1903 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1904  * is already running. */
1905 int
1906 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1907         otherwm = True;
1908         return -1;
1909 }
1910
1911 void
1912 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1913         Client *c = selmon->sel;
1914
1915         if(!lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
1916         || lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange == monocle
1917         || (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
1918                 return;
1919         if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
1920                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1921                         return;
1922         detach(c);
1923         attach(c);
1924         focus(c);
1925         arrange();
1926 }
1927
1928 int
1929 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1930         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1931                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1932         else if(argc != 1)
1933                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1934         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1935                 fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1936         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
1937                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1938         checkotherwm();
1939         setup();
1940         scan();
1941         run();
1942         cleanup();
1943         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1944         return 0;
1945 }