dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <locale.h>
  28 #include <stdarg.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33 #include <sys/select.h>
  34 #include <sys/types.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  37 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  42
  43 /* macros */
  44 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  47 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  48 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  49 #define DEFGEOM(GEONAME,BX,BY,BW,WX,WY,WW,WH,MX,MY,MW,MH,TX,TY,TW,TH,MOX,MOY,MOW,MOH) \
  50 void GEONAME(void) { \
  51         bx = (BX); by = (BY); bw = (BW); \
  52         wx = (WX); wy = (WY); ww = (WW); wh = (WH); \
  53         mx = (MX); my = (MY); mw = (MW); mh = (MH); \
  54         tx = (TX); ty = (TY); tw = (TW); th = (TH); \
  55         mox = (MOX); moy = (MOY); mow = (MOW); moh = (MOH); \
  56 }
  57
  58 /* enums */
  59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  63
  64 /* typedefs */
  65 typedef struct Client Client;
  66 struct Client {
  67         char name[256];
  68         int x, y, w, h;
  69         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  70         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  71         long flags;
  72         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  73         Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  74         Bool *tags;
  75         Client *next;
  76         Client *prev;
  77         Client *snext;
  78         Window win;
  79 };
  80
  81 typedef struct {
  82         int x, y, w, h;
  83         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  84         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  85         Drawable drawable;
  86         GC gc;
  87         struct {
  88                 int ascent;
  89                 int descent;
  90                 int height;
  91                 XFontSet set;
  92                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  93         } font;
  94 } DC; /* draw context */
  95
  96 typedef struct {
  97         const char *symbol;
  98         void (*apply)(void);
  99 } Geom;
 100
 101 typedef struct {
 102         unsigned long mod;
 103         KeySym keysym;
 104         void (*func)(const char *arg);
 105         const char *arg;
 106 } Key;
 107
 108 typedef struct {
 109         const char *symbol;
 110         void (*arrange)(void);
 111         Bool isfloating;
 112 } Layout;
 113
 114 typedef struct {
 115         const char *class;
 116         const char *instance;
 117         const char *title;
 118         const char *tag;
 119         Bool isfloating;
 120 } Rule;
 121
 122 /* function declarations */
 123 void applyrules(Client *c);
 124 void arrange(void);
 125 void attach(Client *c);
 126 void attachstack(Client *c);
 127 void ban(Client *c);
 128 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 129 void checkotherwm(void);
 130 void cleanup(void);
 131 void configure(Client *c);
 132 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 133 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 134 unsigned int counttiled(void);
 135 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 136 void detach(Client *c);
 137 void detachstack(Client *c);
 138 void drawbar(void);
 139 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 140 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 141 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 142 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 143 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 144 void expose(XEvent *e);
 145 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 146 void focus(Client *c);
 147 void focusin(XEvent *e);
 148 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 149 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 150 Client *getclient(Window w);
 151 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 152 long getstate(Window w);
 153 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 154 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 155 void grabkeys(void);
 156 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 157 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 158 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 159 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 160 Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 161 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 162 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 163 void killclient(const char *arg);
 164 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 165 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 166 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 167 void monocle(void);
 168 void movemouse(Client *c);
 169 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 170 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 171 void quit(const char *arg);
 172 void reapply(const char *arg);
 173 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 174 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 175 void restack(void);
 176 void run(void);
 177 void scan(void);
 178 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 179 void setgeom(const char *arg);
 180 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 181 void setup(void);
 182 void spawn(const char *arg);
 183 void tag(const char *arg);
 184 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 185 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 186 void tileh(void);
 187 void tilehstack(unsigned int n);
 188 Client *tilemaster(unsigned int n);
 189 void tileresize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 190 void tilev(void);
 191 void tilevstack(unsigned int n);
 192 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 193 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 194 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 195 void unban(Client *c);
 196 void unmanage(Client *c);
 197 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 198 void updatebarpos(void);
 199 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 200 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 201 void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 202 void view(const char *arg);
 203 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
 204 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 205 int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 206 int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 207 void zoom(const char *arg);
 208
 209 /* variables */
 210 char stext[256], buf[256];
 211 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
 212 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 213 int bx, by, bw, bh, blw, mx, my, mw, mh, mox, moy, mow, moh, tx, ty, tw, th, wx, wy, ww, wh;
 214 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 215 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 216         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 217         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 218         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 219         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 220         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 221         [Expose] = expose,
 222         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 223         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 224         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 225         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 226         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 227         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 228 };
 229 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 230 Bool otherwm, readin;
 231 Bool running = True;
 232 Bool *prevtags;
 233 Bool *seltags;
 234 Client *clients = NULL;
 235 Client *sel = NULL;
 236 Client *stack = NULL;
 237 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 238 Display *dpy;
 239 DC dc = {0};
 240 Geom *geom = NULL;
 241 Layout *lt = NULL;
 242 Window root, barwin;
 243
 244 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 245 #include "config.h"
 246 #define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
 247 static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
 248
 249 /* function implementations */
 250
 251 void
 252 applyrules(Client *c) {
 253         unsigned int i;
 254         Bool matched = False;
 255         Rule *r;
 256         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 257
 258         /* rule matching */
 259         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 260         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 261                 r = &rules[i];
 262                 if(strstr(c->name, r->title)
 263                 || (ch.res_class && r->class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class))
 264                 || (ch.res_name && r->instance && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))
 265                 {
 266                         c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 267                         if(r->tag) {
 268                                 c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
 269                                 matched = True;
 270                         }
 271                 }
 272         }
 273         if(ch.res_class)
 274                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 275         if(ch.res_name)
 276                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 277         if(!matched)
 278                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, TAGSZ);
 279 }
 280
 281 void
 282 arrange(void) {
 283         Client *c;
 284
 285         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 286                 if(isvisible(c))
 287                         unban(c);
 288                 else
 289                         ban(c);
 290
 291         focus(NULL);
 292         lt->arrange();
 293         restack();
 294 }
 295
 296 void
 297 attach(Client *c) {
 298         if(clients)
 299                 clients->prev = c;
 300         c->next = clients;
 301         clients = c;
 302 }
 303
 304 void
 305 attachstack(Client *c) {
 306         c->snext = stack;
 307         stack = c;
 308 }
 309
 310 void
 311 ban(Client *c) {
 312         if(c->isbanned)
 313                 return;
 314         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 315         c->isbanned = True;
 316 }
 317
 318 void
 319 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 320         unsigned int i, x;
 321         Client *c;
 322         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 323
 324         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 325                 x = 0;
 326                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 327                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 328                         if(ev->x < x) {
 329                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 330                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 331                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 332                                         else
 333                                                 view(tags[i]);
 334                                 }
 335                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 336                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 337                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 338                                         else
 339                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 340                                 }
 341                                 return;
 342                         }
 343                 }
 344         }
 345         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 346                 focus(c);
 347                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 348                         return;
 349                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 350                         restack();
 351                         movemouse(c);
 352                 }
 353                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 354                         if((floating != lt->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 355                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 356                         else
 357                                 zoom(NULL);
 358                 }
 359                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 360                         restack();
 361                         resizemouse(c);
 362                 }
 363         }
 364 }
 365
 366 void
 367 checkotherwm(void) {
 368         otherwm = False;
 369         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 370
 371         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 372         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 373         XSync(dpy, False);
 374         if(otherwm)
 375                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 376         XSync(dpy, False);
 377         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 378         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 379         XSync(dpy, False);
 380 }
 381
 382 void
 383 cleanup(void) {
 384         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 385         while(stack) {
 386                 unban(stack);
 387                 unmanage(stack);
 388         }
 389         if(dc.font.set)
 390                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 391         else
 392                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 393         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 394         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 395         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 396         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 397         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 398         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 399         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 400         XSync(dpy, False);
 401         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 402 }
 403
 404 void
 405 configure(Client *c) {
 406         XConfigureEvent ce;
 407
 408         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 409         ce.display = dpy;
 410         ce.event = c->win;
 411         ce.window = c->win;
 412         ce.x = c->x;
 413         ce.y = c->y;
 414         ce.width = c->w;
 415         ce.height = c->h;
 416         ce.border_width = c->border;
 417         ce.above = None;
 418         ce.override_redirect = False;
 419         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 420 }
 421
 422 void
 423 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 424         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 425
 426         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh))
 427                 setgeom(NULL);
 428 }
 429
 430 void
 431 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 432         Client *c;
 433         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 434         XWindowChanges wc;
 435
 436         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 437                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 438                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 439                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || lt->isfloating) {
 440                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 441                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 442                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 443                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 444                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 445                                 c->w = ev->width;
 446                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 447                                 c->h = ev->height;
 448                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 449                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 450                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 451                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 452                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 453                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 454                                 configure(c);
 455                         if(isvisible(c))
 456                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 457                 }
 458                 else
 459                         configure(c);
 460         }
 461         else {
 462                 wc.x = ev->x;
 463                 wc.y = ev->y;
 464                 wc.width = ev->width;
 465                 wc.height = ev->height;
 466                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 467                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 468                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 469                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 470         }
 471         XSync(dpy, False);
 472 }
 473
 474 unsigned int
 475 counttiled(void) {
 476         unsigned int n;
 477         Client *c;
 478
 479         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
 480         return n;
 481 }
 482
 483 void
 484 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 485         Client *c;
 486         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 487
 488         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 489                 unmanage(c);
 490 }
 491
 492 void
 493 detach(Client *c) {
 494         if(c->prev)
 495                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 496         if(c->next)
 497                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 498         if(c == clients)
 499                 clients = c->next;
 500         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 501 }
 502
 503 void
 504 detachstack(Client *c) {
 505         Client **tc;
 506
 507         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 508         *tc = c->snext;
 509 }
 510
 511 void
 512 drawbar(void) {
 513         int i, x;
 514         Client *c;
 515
 516         dc.x = 0;
 517         for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 518         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 519                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 520                 if(seltags[i]) {
 521                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 522                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 523                 }
 524                 else {
 525                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 526                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 527                 }
 528                 dc.x += dc.w;
 529         }
 530         dc.w = blw;
 531         drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 532         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 533         dc.w = textw(stext);
 534         dc.x = bw - dc.w;
 535         if(dc.x < x) {
 536                 dc.x = x;
 537                 dc.w = bw - x;
 538         }
 539         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 540         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 541                 dc.x = x;
 542                 if(c) {
 543                         drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 544                         drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 545                 }
 546                 else
 547                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 548         }
 549         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, bw, bh, 0, 0);
 550         XSync(dpy, False);
 551 }
 552
 553 void
 554 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 555         int x;
 556         XGCValues gcv;
 557         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 558
 559         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 560         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 561         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 562         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 563         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 564         if(filled) {
 565                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 566                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 567         }
 568         else if(empty) {
 569                 r.width = r.height = x;
 570                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 571         }
 572 }
 573
 574 void
 575 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 576         int x, y, w, h;
 577         unsigned int len, olen;
 578         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 579
 580         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 581         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 582         if(!text)
 583                 return;
 584         w = 0;
 585         olen = len = strlen(text);
 586         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 587                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 588         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 589         buf[len] = 0;
 590         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 591         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 592         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 593         /* shorten text if necessary */
 594         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 595                 buf[--len] = 0;
 596         if(len < olen) {
 597                 if(len > 1)
 598                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 599                 if(len > 2)
 600                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 601                 if(len > 3)
 602                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 603         }
 604         if(w > dc.w)
 605                 return; /* too long */
 606         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 607         if(dc.font.set)
 608                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 609         else
 610                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 611 }
 612
 613 void *
 614 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 615         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 616
 617         if(!res)
 618                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 619         return res;
 620 }
 621
 622 void
 623 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 624         Client *c;
 625         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 626
 627         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 628                 return;
 629         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 630                 focus(c);
 631         else
 632                 focus(NULL);
 633 }
 634
 635 void
 636 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 637         va_list ap;
 638
 639         va_start(ap, errstr);
 640         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 641         va_end(ap);
 642         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 643 }
 644
 645 void
 646 expose(XEvent *e) {
 647         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 648
 649         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 650                 drawbar();
 651 }
 652
 653 void
 654 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 655         Client *c;
 656
 657         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 658                 if(isvisible(c))
 659                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 660 }
 661
 662 void
 663 focus(Client *c) {
 664         if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 665                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 666         if(sel && sel != c) {
 667                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 668                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 669         }
 670         if(c) {
 671                 detachstack(c);
 672                 attachstack(c);
 673                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 674         }
 675         sel = c;
 676         if(c) {
 677                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 678                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 679         }
 680         else
 681                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 682         drawbar();
 683 }
 684
 685 void
 686 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 687         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 688
 689         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 690                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 691 }
 692
 693 void
 694 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 695         Client *c;
 696
 697         if(!sel)
 698                 return;
 699         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 700         if(!c)
 701                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 702         if(c) {
 703                 focus(c);
 704                 restack();
 705         }
 706 }
 707
 708 void
 709 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 710         Client *c;
 711
 712         if(!sel)
 713                 return;
 714         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 715         if(!c) {
 716                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 717                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 718         }
 719         if(c) {
 720                 focus(c);
 721                 restack();
 722         }
 723 }
 724
 725 Client *
 726 getclient(Window w) {
 727         Client *c;
 728
 729         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 730         return c;
 731 }
 732
 733 unsigned long
 734 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 735         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 736         XColor color;
 737
 738         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 739                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 740         return color.pixel;
 741 }
 742
 743 long
 744 getstate(Window w) {
 745         int format, status;
 746         long result = -1;
 747         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 748         unsigned long n, extra;
 749         Atom real;
 750
 751         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 752                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 753         if(status != Success)
 754                 return -1;
 755         if(n != 0)
 756                 result = *p;
 757         XFree(p);
 758         return result;
 759 }
 760
 761 Bool
 762 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 763         char **list = NULL;
 764         int n;
 765         XTextProperty name;
 766
 767         if(!text || size == 0)
 768                 return False;
 769         text[0] = '\0';
 770         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 771         if(!name.nitems)
 772                 return False;
 773         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 774                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 775         else {
 776                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 777                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 778                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 779                         XFreeStringList(list);
 780                 }
 781         }
 782         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 783         XFree(name.value);
 784         return True;
 785 }
 786
 787 void
 788 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 789         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 790
 791         if(focused) {
 792                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 793                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 794                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 795                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 796                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 797                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 798                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 799                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 800
 801                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 802                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 803                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 804                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 805                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 806                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 807                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 808                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 809
 810                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 813                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 814                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 817                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818         }
 819         else
 820                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 821                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 822 }
 823
 824 void
 825 grabkeys(void)  {
 826         unsigned int i, j;
 827         KeyCode code;
 828         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 829
 830         /* init modifier map */
 831         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 832         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 833                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 834                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 835                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
 836                 }
 837         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 838
 839         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 840         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 841                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 842                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 843                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 844                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 845                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 846                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 847                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 848                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 849                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 850         }
 851 }
 852
 853 unsigned int
 854 idxoftag(const char *t) {
 855         unsigned int i;
 856
 857         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
 858         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 859 }
 860
 861 void
 862 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 863         char *def, **missing;
 864         int i, n;
 865
 866         missing = NULL;
 867         if(dc.font.set)
 868                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 869         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 870         if(missing) {
 871                 while(n--)
 872                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 873                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 874         }
 875         if(dc.font.set) {
 876                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 877                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 878                 char **font_names;
 879                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 880                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 881                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 882                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 883                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 884                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 885                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 886                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 887                         xfonts++;
 888                 }
 889         }
 890         else {
 891                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 892                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 893                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 894                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 895                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 896                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 897                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 898                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 899         }
 900         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 901 }
 902
 903 Bool
 904 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 905         Client *c;
 906
 907         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 908                 if(c->tags[t])
 909                         return True;
 910         return False;
 911 }
 912
 913 Bool
 914 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 915         int i, n;
 916         Atom *protocols;
 917         Bool ret = False;
 918
 919         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 920                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 921                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 922                                 ret = True;
 923                 XFree(protocols);
 924         }
 925         return ret;
 926 }
 927
 928 Bool
 929 isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 930         Client *c;
 931
 932         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 933                 if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 934                         return True;
 935         return False;
 936 }
 937
 938 Bool
 939 isvisible(Client *c) {
 940         unsigned int i;
 941
 942         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 943                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 944                         return True;
 945         return False;
 946 }
 947
 948 void
 949 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 950         unsigned int i;
 951         KeySym keysym;
 952         XKeyEvent *ev;
 953
 954         ev = &e->xkey;
 955         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 956         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 957                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 958                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 959                 {
 960                         if(keys[i].func)
 961                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 962                 }
 963 }
 964
 965 void
 966 killclient(const char *arg) {
 967         XEvent ev;
 968
 969         if(!sel)
 970                 return;
 971         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 972                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 973                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 974                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 975                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 976                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 977                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 978                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 979         }
 980         else
 981                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 982 }
 983
 984 void
 985 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 986         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 987         Status rettrans;
 988         Window trans;
 989         XWindowChanges wc;
 990
 991         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 992         c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
 993         c->win = w;
 994
 995         /* geometry */
 996         c->x = wa->x;
 997         c->y = wa->y;
 998         c->w = wa->width;
 999         c->h = wa->height;
1000         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1001         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1002                 c->x = sx;
1003                 c->y = sy;
1004                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1005         }
1006         else {
1007                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wx + ww)
1008                         c->x = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1009                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > wy + wh)
1010                         c->y = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1011                 if(c->x < wx)
1012                         c->x = wx;
1013                 if(c->y < wy)
1014                         c->y = wy;
1015                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1016         }
1017
1018         wc.border_width = c->border;
1019         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1020         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1021         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1022         updatesizehints(c);
1023         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1024         grabbuttons(c, False);
1025         updatetitle(c);
1026         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1027                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1028         if(t)
1029                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1030         else
1031                 applyrules(c);
1032         if(!c->isfloating)
1033                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1034         attach(c);
1035         attachstack(c);
1036         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1037         ban(c);
1038         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1039         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1040         arrange();
1041 }
1042
1043 void
1044 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1045         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1046
1047         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1048         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1049                 grabkeys();
1050 }
1051
1052 void
1053 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1054         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1055         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1056
1057         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1058                 return;
1059         if(wa.override_redirect)
1060                 return;
1061         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1062                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1063 }
1064
1065 void
1066 monocle(void) {
1067         Client *c;
1068
1069         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1070                 if(isvisible(c))
1071                         resize(c, mox, moy, mow, moh, RESIZEHINTS);
1072 }
1073
1074 void
1075 movemouse(Client *c) {
1076         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1077         unsigned int dui;
1078         Window dummy;
1079         XEvent ev;
1080
1081         ocx = nx = c->x;
1082         ocy = ny = c->y;
1083         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1084                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1085                 return;
1086         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1087         for(;;) {
1088                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1089                 switch (ev.type) {
1090                 case ButtonRelease:
1091                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1092                         return;
1093                 case ConfigureRequest:
1094                 case Expose:
1095                 case MapRequest:
1096                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1097                         break;
1098                 case MotionNotify:
1099                         XSync(dpy, False);
1100                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1101                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1102                         if(abs(wx - nx) < SNAP)
1103                                 nx = wx;
1104                         else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1105                                 nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1106                         if(abs(wy - ny) < SNAP)
1107                                 ny = wy;
1108                         else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1109                                 ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1110                         if(!c->isfloating && !lt->isfloating && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1111                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1112                         if((lt->isfloating) || c->isfloating)
1113                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1114                         break;
1115                 }
1116         }
1117 }
1118
1119 Client *
1120 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1121         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1122         return c;
1123 }
1124
1125 void
1126 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1127         Client *c;
1128         Window trans;
1129         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1130
1131         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1132                 return; /* ignore */
1133         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1134                 switch (ev->atom) {
1135                 default: break;
1136                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1137                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1138                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1139                                 arrange();
1140                         break;
1141                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1142                         updatesizehints(c);
1143                         break;
1144                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1145                         updatewmhints(c);
1146                         drawbar();
1147                         break;
1148                 }
1149                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1150                         updatetitle(c);
1151                         if(c == sel)
1152                                 drawbar();
1153                 }
1154         }
1155 }
1156
1157 void
1158 quit(const char *arg) {
1159         readin = running = False;
1160 }
1161
1162 void
1163 reapply(const char *arg) {
1164         static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1165         Client *c;
1166
1167         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1168                 memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1169                 applyrules(c);
1170         }
1171         arrange();
1172 }
1173
1174 void
1175 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1176         XWindowChanges wc;
1177
1178         if(sizehints) {
1179                 /* set minimum possible */
1180                 if (w < 1)
1181                         w = 1;
1182                 if (h < 1)
1183                         h = 1;
1184
1185                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1186                 w -= c->basew;
1187                 h -= c->baseh;
1188
1189                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1190                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1191                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1192                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1193                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1194                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1195                 }
1196
1197                 /* adjust for increment value */
1198                 if(c->incw)
1199                         w -= w % c->incw;
1200                 if(c->inch)
1201                         h -= h % c->inch;
1202
1203                 /* restore base dimensions */
1204                 w += c->basew;
1205                 h += c->baseh;
1206
1207                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1208                         w = c->minw;
1209                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1210                         h = c->minh;
1211                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1212                         w = c->maxw;
1213                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1214                         h = c->maxh;
1215         }
1216         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1217                 return;
1218         if(x > sx + sw)
1219                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1220         if(y > sy + sh)
1221                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1222         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1223                 x = sx;
1224         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1225                 y = sy;
1226         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1227                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1228                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1229                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1230                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1231                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1232                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1233                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1234                 configure(c);
1235                 XSync(dpy, False);
1236         }
1237 }
1238
1239 void
1240 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1241         int ocx, ocy;
1242         int nw, nh;
1243         XEvent ev;
1244
1245         ocx = c->x;
1246         ocy = c->y;
1247         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1248                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1249                 return;
1250         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1251         for(;;) {
1252                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1253                 switch(ev.type) {
1254                 case ButtonRelease:
1255                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1256                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1257                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1258                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1259                         return;
1260                 case ConfigureRequest:
1261                 case Expose:
1262                 case MapRequest:
1263                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1264                         break;
1265                 case MotionNotify:
1266                         XSync(dpy, False);
1267                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1268                                 nw = 1;
1269                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1270                                 nh = 1;
1271                         if(!c->isfloating && !lt->isfloating && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1272                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1273                         if((lt->isfloating) || c->isfloating)
1274                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1275                         break;
1276                 }
1277         }
1278 }
1279
1280 void
1281 restack(void) {
1282         Client *c;
1283         XEvent ev;
1284         XWindowChanges wc;
1285
1286         drawbar();
1287         if(!sel)
1288                 return;
1289         if(sel->isfloating || lt->isfloating)
1290                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1291         if(!lt->isfloating) {
1292                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1293                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1294                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1295                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1296                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1297                 }
1298                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1299                         if(c == sel)
1300                                 continue;
1301                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1302                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1303                 }
1304         }
1305         XSync(dpy, False);
1306         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1307 }
1308
1309 void
1310 run(void) {
1311         char *p;
1312         char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1313         fd_set rd;
1314         int r, xfd;
1315         unsigned int len, offset;
1316         XEvent ev;
1317
1318         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1319         XSync(dpy, False);
1320         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1321         readin = True;
1322         offset = 0;
1323         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1324         sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1325         while(running) {
1326                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1327                 if(readin)
1328                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1329                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1330                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1331                         if(errno == EINTR)
1332                                 continue;
1333                         eprint("select failed\n");
1334                 }
1335                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1336                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1337                         case -1:
1338                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1339                                 readin = False;
1340                                 break;
1341                         case 0:
1342                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1343                                 readin = False;
1344                                 break;
1345                         default:
1346                                 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1347                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1348                                                 *p = '\0';
1349                                                 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1350                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1351                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1352                                                 offset = r;
1353                                                 if(r)
1354                                                         memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1355                                                 break;
1356                                         }
1357                                 break;
1358                         }
1359                         drawbar();
1360                 }
1361                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1362                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1363                         if(handler[ev.type])
1364                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1365                 }
1366         }
1367 }
1368
1369 void
1370 scan(void) {
1371         unsigned int i, num;
1372         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1373         XWindowAttributes wa;
1374
1375         wins = NULL;
1376         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1377                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1378                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1379                                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1380                                 continue;
1381                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1382                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1383                 }
1384                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1385                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1386                                 continue;
1387                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1388                                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1389                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1390                 }
1391         }
1392         if(wins)
1393                 XFree(wins);
1394 }
1395
1396 void
1397 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1398         long data[] = {state, None};
1399
1400         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1401                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1402 }
1403
1404 void
1405 setgeom(const char *arg) {
1406         unsigned int i;
1407
1408         for(i = 0; arg && i < LENGTH(geoms); i++)
1409                 if(!strcmp(geoms[i].symbol, arg))
1410                         break;
1411         if(i == LENGTH(geoms))
1412                 return;
1413         geom = &geoms[i];
1414         geom->apply();
1415         updatebarpos();
1416         arrange();
1417 }
1418
1419 void
1420 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1421         static Layout *revert = 0;
1422         unsigned int i;
1423
1424         if(!arg)
1425                 return;
1426         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1427                 if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1428                         break;
1429         if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1430                 return;
1431         if(revert && &layouts[i] == lt)
1432                 lt = revert;
1433         else {
1434                 revert = lt;
1435                 lt = &layouts[i];
1436         }
1437         if(sel)
1438                 arrange();
1439         else
1440                 drawbar();
1441 }
1442
1443 void
1444 setup(void) {
1445         unsigned int i;
1446         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1447
1448         /* init screen */
1449         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1450         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1451         initfont(FONT);
1452
1453         /* apply default geometry */
1454         sx = 0;
1455         sy = 0;
1456         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1457         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1458         bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1459         geom = &geoms[0];
1460         geom->apply();
1461
1462         /* init atoms */
1463         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1464         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1465         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1466         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1467         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1468         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1469
1470         /* init cursors */
1471         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1472         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1473         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1474
1475         /* init appearance */
1476         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1477         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1478         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1479         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1480         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1481         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1482         initfont(FONT);
1483         dc.h = bh;
1484         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1485         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1486         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1487         if(!dc.font.set)
1488                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1489
1490         /* init tags */
1491         seltags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1492         prevtags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1493         seltags[0] = prevtags[0] = True;
1494
1495         /* init layouts */
1496         lt = &layouts[0];
1497
1498         /* init bar */
1499         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1500                 i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1501                 if(i > blw)
1502                         blw = i;
1503         }
1504
1505         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1506         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1507         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1508
1509         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, bx, by, bw, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1510                                 CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1511                                 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1512         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1513         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1514         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1515         drawbar();
1516
1517         /* EWMH support per view */
1518         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1519                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1520
1521         /* select for events */
1522         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1523                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1524         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1525         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1526
1527
1528         /* grab keys */
1529         grabkeys();
1530 }
1531
1532 void
1533 spawn(const char *arg) {
1534         static char *shell = NULL;
1535
1536         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1537                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1538         if(!arg)
1539                 return;
1540         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1541          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1542         if(fork() == 0) {
1543                 if(fork() == 0) {
1544                         if(dpy)
1545                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1546                         setsid();
1547                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1548                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1549                         perror(" failed");
1550                 }
1551                 exit(0);
1552         }
1553         wait(0);
1554 }
1555
1556 void
1557 tag(const char *arg) {
1558         unsigned int i;
1559
1560         if(!sel)
1561                 return;
1562         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1563                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1564         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1565         arrange();
1566 }
1567
1568 unsigned int
1569 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1570         XRectangle r;
1571
1572         if(dc.font.set) {
1573                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1574                 return r.width;
1575         }
1576         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1577 }
1578
1579 unsigned int
1580 textw(const char *text) {
1581         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1582 }
1583
1584 void
1585 tileh(void) {
1586         int x, w;
1587         unsigned int i, n = counttiled();
1588         Client *c;
1589
1590         if(n == 0)
1591                 return;
1592         c = tilemaster(n);
1593         if(--n == 0)
1594                 return;
1595
1596         x = tx;
1597         w = tw / n;
1598         if(w < bh)
1599                 w = tw;
1600
1601         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1602                 if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1603                         tileresize(c, x, ty, (tx + tw) - x - 2 * c->border, th - 2 * c->border);
1604                 else
1605                         tileresize(c, x, ty, w - 2 * c->border, th - 2 * c->border);
1606                 if(w != tw)
1607                         x = c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border;
1608         }
1609 }
1610
1611 Client *
1612 tilemaster(unsigned int n) {
1613         Client *c = nexttiled(clients);
1614
1615         if(n == 1)
1616                 tileresize(c, mox, moy, mow - 2 * c->border, moh - 2 * c->border);
1617         else
1618                 tileresize(c, mx, my, mw - 2 * c->border, mh - 2 * c->border);
1619         return c;
1620 }
1621
1622 void
1623 tileresize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1624         resize(c, x, y, w, h, RESIZEHINTS);
1625         if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > h) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > w)))
1626                 /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1627                 resize(c, x, y, w, h, False);
1628 }
1629
1630 void
1631 tilev(void) {
1632         int y, h;
1633         unsigned int i, n = counttiled();
1634         Client *c;
1635
1636         if(n == 0)
1637                 return;
1638         c = tilemaster(n);
1639         if(--n == 0)
1640                 return;
1641
1642         y = ty;
1643         h = th / n;
1644         if(h < bh)
1645                 h = th;
1646
1647         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1648                 if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1649                         tileresize(c, tx, y, tw - 2 * c->border, (ty + th) - y - 2 * c->border);
1650                 else
1651                         tileresize(c, tx, y, tw - 2 * c->border, h - 2 * c->border);
1652                 if(h != th)
1653                         y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1654         }
1655 }
1656
1657 void
1658 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1659         if(!sel)
1660                 return;
1661         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1662         if(sel->isfloating)
1663                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1664         arrange();
1665 }
1666
1667 void
1668 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1669         unsigned int i, j;
1670
1671         if(!sel)
1672                 return;
1673         i = idxoftag(arg);
1674         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1675         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1676         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1677                 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1678         arrange();
1679 }
1680
1681 void
1682 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1683         unsigned int i, j;
1684
1685         i = idxoftag(arg);
1686         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1687         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1688         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1689                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1690         arrange();
1691 }
1692
1693 void
1694 unban(Client *c) {
1695         if(!c->isbanned)
1696                 return;
1697         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1698         c->isbanned = False;
1699 }
1700
1701 void
1702 unmanage(Client *c) {
1703         XWindowChanges wc;
1704
1705         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1706         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1707         XGrabServer(dpy);
1708         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1709         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1710         detach(c);
1711         detachstack(c);
1712         if(sel == c)
1713                 focus(NULL);
1714         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1715         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1716         free(c->tags);
1717         free(c);
1718         XSync(dpy, False);
1719         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1720         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1721         arrange();
1722 }
1723
1724 void
1725 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1726         Client *c;
1727         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1728
1729         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1730                 unmanage(c);
1731 }
1732
1733 void
1734 updatebarpos(void) {
1735
1736         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1737                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1738         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, bw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1739         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, bx, by, bw, bh);
1740 }
1741
1742 void
1743 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1744         long msize;
1745         XSizeHints size;
1746
1747         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1748                 size.flags = PSize;
1749         c->flags = size.flags;
1750         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1751                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1752                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1753         }
1754         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1755                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1756                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1757         }
1758         else
1759                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1760         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1761                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1762                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1763         }
1764         else
1765                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1766         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1767                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1768                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1769         }
1770         else
1771                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1772         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1773                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1774                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1775         }
1776         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1777                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1778                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1779         }
1780         else
1781                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1782         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1783                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1784                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1785                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1786                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1787         }
1788         else
1789                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1790         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1791                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1792 }
1793
1794 void
1795 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1796         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1797                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1798 }
1799
1800 void
1801 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1802         XWMHints *wmh;
1803
1804         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1805                 if(c == sel)
1806                         sel->isurgent = False;
1807                 else
1808                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1809                 XFree(wmh);
1810         }
1811 }
1812
1813
1814 void
1815 view(const char *arg) {
1816         unsigned int i;
1817
1818         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1819                 tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1820         tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1821
1822         if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ) != 0) {
1823                 memcpy(prevtags, seltags, TAGSZ);
1824                 memcpy(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1825                 arrange();
1826         }
1827 }
1828
1829 void
1830 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1831
1832         memcpy(tmp, seltags, TAGSZ);
1833         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, TAGSZ);
1834         memcpy(prevtags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1835         arrange();
1836 }
1837
1838 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1839  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1840  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1841 int
1842 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1843         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1844         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1845         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1846         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1847         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1848         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1849         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1850         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1851                 return 0;
1852         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1853                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1854         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1855 }
1856
1857 int
1858 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1859         return 0;
1860 }
1861
1862 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1863  * is already running. */
1864 int
1865 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1866         otherwm = True;
1867         return -1;
1868 }
1869
1870 void
1871 zoom(const char *arg) {
1872         Client *c = sel;
1873
1874         if(!sel || lt->isfloating || sel->isfloating)
1875                 return;
1876         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1877                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1878                         return;
1879         detach(c);
1880         attach(c);
1881         focus(c);
1882         arrange();
1883 }
1884
1885 int
1886 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1887         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1888                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1889         else if(argc != 1)
1890                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1891
1892         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1893         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1894                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1895
1896         checkotherwm();
1897         setup();
1898         scan();
1899         run();
1900         cleanup();
1901
1902         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1903         return 0;
1904 }