dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
  10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
  11  * in O(1) time.
  12  *
  13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  14  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  15  * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  16  * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
  17  * client.
  18  *
  19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  20  *
  21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  22  */
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <locale.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <stdio.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <string.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <sys/types.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  39 #ifdef XINERAMA
  40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  41 #endif
  42
  43 /* macros */
  44 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  45 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
  47 #define ISVISIBLE(x)            (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
  48 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  49 #define MAX(a, b)               ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
  50 #define MIN(a, b)               ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
  51 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  52 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  53 #define WIDTH(x)                ((x)->w + 2 * (x)->bw)
  54 #define HEIGHT(x)               ((x)->h + 2 * (x)->bw)
  55 #define TAGMASK                 ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
  56 #define TEXTW(x)                (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
  57
  58 /* enums */
  59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast };        /* default atoms */
  63 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
  64        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
  65
  66 typedef union {
  67         int i;
  68         unsigned int ui;
  69         float f;
  70         void *v;
  71 } Arg;
  72
  73 typedef struct {
  74         unsigned int click;
  75         unsigned int mask;
  76         unsigned int button;
  77         void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
  78         const Arg arg;
  79 } Button;
  80
  81 typedef struct Client Client;
  82 struct Client {
  83         char name[256];
  84         float mina, maxa;
  85         int x, y, w, h;
  86         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  87         int bw, oldbw;
  88         unsigned int tags;
  89         Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  90         Client *next;
  91         Client *snext;
  92         Window win;
  93 };
  94
  95 typedef struct {
  96         int x, y, w, h;
  97         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  98         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  99         Drawable drawable;
 100         GC gc;
 101         struct {
 102                 int ascent;
 103                 int descent;
 104                 int height;
 105                 XFontSet set;
 106                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 107         } font;
 108 } DC; /* draw context */
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         unsigned int mod;
 112         KeySym keysym;
 113         void (*func)(const Arg *);
 114         const Arg arg;
 115 } Key;
 116
 117 typedef struct {
 118         const char *symbol;
 119         void (*arrange)(void);
 120 } Layout;
 121
 122 typedef struct {
 123         const char *class;
 124         const char *instance;
 125         const char *title;
 126         unsigned int tags;
 127         Bool isfloating;
 128 } Rule;
 129
 130 /* function declarations */
 131 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 132 static void applysizehints(Client *c, int *w, int *h);
 133 static void arrange(void);
 134 static void attach(Client *c);
 135 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 136 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 137 static void checkotherwm(void);
 138 static void cleanup(void);
 139 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
 140 static void configure(Client *c);
 141 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 142 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 143 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 144 static void detach(Client *c);
 145 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 146 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
 147 static void drawbar(void);
 148 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 149 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 150 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 151 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 152 static void focus(Client *c);
 153 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
 154 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
 155 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 156 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 157 static long getstate(Window w);
 158 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 159 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 160 static void grabkeys(void);
 161 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 162 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 163 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 164 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
 165 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 166 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 167 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 168 static void monocle(void);
 169 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
 170 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 171 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 172 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
 173 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 174 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
 175 static void restack(void);
 176 static void run(void);
 177 static void scan(void);
 178 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 179 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
 180 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
 181 static void setup(void);
 182 static void showhide(Client *c, unsigned int ntiled);
 183 static void sigchld(int signal);
 184 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
 185 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
 186 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 187 static void tile(void);
 188 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
 189 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
 190 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
 191 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
 192 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 193 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 194 static void updatebar(void);
 195 static void updategeom(void);
 196 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
 197 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 198 static void updatestatus(void);
 199 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 200 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 201 static void view(const Arg *arg);
 202 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 203 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 204 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 205 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
 206
 207 /* variables */
 208 static char stext[256];
 209 static int screen;
 210 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
 211 static int by, bh, blw;    /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
 212 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
 213 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
 214 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 215 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 216 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 217         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 218         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 219         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 220         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 221         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 222         [Expose] = expose,
 223         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 224         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 225         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 226         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 227         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 228         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 229 };
 230 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 231 static Bool otherwm;
 232 static Bool running = True;
 233 static Client *clients = NULL;
 234 static Client *sel = NULL;
 235 static Client *stack = NULL;
 236 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 237 static Display *dpy;
 238 static DC dc;
 239 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
 240 static Window root, barwin;
 241 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 242 #include "config.h"
 243
 244 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
 245 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
 246
 247 /* function implementations */
 248 void
 249 applyrules(Client *c) {
 250         unsigned int i;
 251         Rule *r;
 252         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 253
 254         /* rule matching */
 255         if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
 256                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 257                         r = &rules[i];
 258                         if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
 259                         && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
 260                         && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
 261                                 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 262                                 c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK ? r->tags & TAGMASK : tagset[seltags];
 263                         }
 264                 }
 265                 if(ch.res_class)
 266                         XFree(ch.res_class);
 267                 if(ch.res_name)
 268                         XFree(ch.res_name);
 269         }
 270         if(!c->tags)
 271                 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
 272 }
 273
 274 void
 275 applysizehints(Client *c, int *w, int *h) {
 276         Bool baseismin;
 277
 278         if(!resizehints && !c->isfloating)
 279                 return;
 280
 281         /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
 282         baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
 283
 284         /* set minimum possible */
 285         *w = MAX(1, *w);
 286         *h = MAX(1, *h);
 287
 288         if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
 289                 *w -= c->basew;
 290                 *h -= c->baseh;
 291         }
 292
 293         /* adjust for aspect limits */
 294         if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
 295                 if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
 296                         *w = *h * c->maxa;
 297                 else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
 298                         *h = *w * c->mina;
 299         }
 300
 301         if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
 302                 *w -= c->basew;
 303                 *h -= c->baseh;
 304         }
 305
 306         /* adjust for increment value */
 307         if(c->incw)
 308                 *w -= *w % c->incw;
 309         if(c->inch)
 310                 *h -= *h % c->inch;
 311
 312         /* restore base dimensions */
 313         *w += c->basew;
 314         *h += c->baseh;
 315
 316         *w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
 317         *h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
 318
 319         if(c->maxw)
 320                 *w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
 321
 322         if(c->maxh)
 323                 *h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
 324 }
 325
 326 void
 327 arrange(void) {
 328         unsigned int nt;
 329         Client *c;
 330
 331         for(nt = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), nt++);
 332         showhide(stack, nt);
 333         focus(NULL);
 334         if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
 335                 lt[sellt]->arrange();
 336         restack();
 337 }
 338
 339 void
 340 attach(Client *c) {
 341         c->next = clients;
 342         clients = c;
 343 }
 344
 345 void
 346 attachstack(Client *c) {
 347         c->snext = stack;
 348         stack = c;
 349 }
 350
 351 void
 352 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 353         unsigned int i, x, click;
 354         Arg arg = {0};
 355         Client *c;
 356         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 357
 358         click = ClkRootWin;
 359         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 360                 i = x = 0;
 361                 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
 362                 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
 363                         click = ClkTagBar;
 364                         arg.ui = 1 << i;
 365                 }
 366                 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
 367                         click = ClkLtSymbol;
 368                 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
 369                         click = ClkStatusText;
 370                 else
 371                         click = ClkWinTitle;
 372         }
 373         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 374                 focus(c);
 375                 click = ClkClientWin;
 376         }
 377
 378         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 379                 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
 380                    && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 381                         buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
 382 }
 383
 384 void
 385 checkotherwm(void) {
 386         otherwm = False;
 387         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 388
 389         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 390         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 391         XSync(dpy, False);
 392         if(otherwm)
 393                 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 394         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 395         XSync(dpy, False);
 396 }
 397
 398 void
 399 cleanup(void) {
 400         Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
 401         Layout foo = { "", NULL };
 402
 403         view(&a);
 404         lt[sellt] = &foo;
 405         while(stack)
 406                 unmanage(stack);
 407         if(dc.font.set)
 408                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 409         else
 410                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 411         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 412         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 413         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 414         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 415         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 416         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 417         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 418         XSync(dpy, False);
 419         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 420 }
 421
 422 void
 423 clearurgent(Client *c) {
 424         XWMHints *wmh;
 425
 426         c->isurgent = False;
 427         if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
 428                 return;
 429         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
 430         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
 431         XFree(wmh);
 432 }
 433
 434 void
 435 configure(Client *c) {
 436         XConfigureEvent ce;
 437
 438         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 439         ce.display = dpy;
 440         ce.event = c->win;
 441         ce.window = c->win;
 442         ce.x = c->x;
 443         ce.y = c->y;
 444         ce.width = c->w;
 445         ce.height = c->h;
 446         ce.border_width = c->bw;
 447         ce.above = None;
 448         ce.override_redirect = False;
 449         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 450 }
 451
 452 void
 453 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 454         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 455
 456         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 457                 sw = ev->width;
 458                 sh = ev->height;
 459                 updategeom();
 460                 updatebar();
 461                 arrange();
 462         }
 463 }
 464
 465 void
 466 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 467         Client *c;
 468         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 469         XWindowChanges wc;
 470
 471         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 472                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 473                         c->bw = ev->border_width;
 474                 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
 475                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 476                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 477                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 478                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 479                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 480                                 c->w = ev->width;
 481                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 482                                 c->h = ev->height;
 483                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 484                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 485                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 486                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 487                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 488                                 configure(c);
 489                         if(ISVISIBLE(c))
 490                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 491                 }
 492                 else
 493                         configure(c);
 494         }
 495         else {
 496                 wc.x = ev->x;
 497                 wc.y = ev->y;
 498                 wc.width = ev->width;
 499                 wc.height = ev->height;
 500                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 501                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 502                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 503                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 504         }
 505         XSync(dpy, False);
 506 }
 507
 508 void
 509 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 510         Client *c;
 511         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 512
 513         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 514                 unmanage(c);
 515 }
 516
 517 void
 518 detach(Client *c) {
 519         Client **tc;
 520
 521         for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
 522         *tc = c->next;
 523 }
 524
 525 void
 526 detachstack(Client *c) {
 527         Client **tc;
 528
 529         for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
 530         *tc = c->snext;
 531 }
 532
 533 void
 534 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
 535         va_list ap;
 536
 537         va_start(ap, errstr);
 538         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 539         va_end(ap);
 540         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 541 }
 542
 543 void
 544 drawbar(void) {
 545         int x;
 546         unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
 547         unsigned long *col;
 548         Client *c;
 549
 550         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
 551                 occ |= c->tags;
 552                 if(c->isurgent)
 553                         urg |= c->tags;
 554         }
 555
 556         dc.x = 0;
 557         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 558                 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
 559                 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
 560                 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
 561                 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
 562                 dc.x += dc.w;
 563         }
 564         if(blw > 0) {
 565                 dc.w = blw;
 566                 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 567                 x = dc.x + dc.w;
 568         }
 569         else
 570                 x = dc.x;
 571         dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
 572         dc.x = ww - dc.w;
 573         if(dc.x < x) {
 574                 dc.x = x;
 575                 dc.w = ww - x;
 576         }
 577         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 578         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 579                 dc.x = x;
 580                 if(sel) {
 581                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
 582                         drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 583                 }
 584                 else
 585                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 586         }
 587         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
 588         XSync(dpy, False);
 589 }
 590
 591 void
 592 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 593         int x;
 594         XGCValues gcv;
 595         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 596
 597         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 598         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 599         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 600         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 601         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 602         if(filled) {
 603                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 604                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 605         }
 606         else if(empty) {
 607                 r.width = r.height = x;
 608                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 609         }
 610 }
 611
 612 void
 613 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 614         char buf[256];
 615         int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
 616         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 617
 618         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 619         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 620         if(!text)
 621                 return;
 622         olen = strlen(text);
 623         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 624         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 625         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 626         /* shorten text if necessary */
 627         for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
 628         if(!len)
 629                 return;
 630         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 631         if(len < olen)
 632                 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
 633         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 634         if(dc.font.set)
 635                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 636         else
 637                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 638 }
 639
 640 void
 641 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 642         Client *c;
 643         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 644
 645         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 646                 return;
 647         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 648                 focus(c);
 649         else
 650                 focus(NULL);
 651 }
 652
 653 void
 654 expose(XEvent *e) {
 655         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 656
 657         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 658                 drawbar();
 659 }
 660
 661 void
 662 focus(Client *c) {
 663         if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
 664                 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
 665         if(sel && sel != c) {
 666                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 667                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 668         }
 669         if(c) {
 670                 if(c->isurgent)
 671                         clearurgent(c);
 672                 detachstack(c);
 673                 attachstack(c);
 674                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 675                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 676                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 677         }
 678         else
 679                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 680         sel = c;
 681         drawbar();
 682 }
 683
 684 void
 685 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 686         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 687
 688         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 689                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 690 }
 691
 692 void
 693 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
 694         Client *c = NULL, *i;
 695
 696         if(!sel)
 697                 return;
 698         if (arg->i > 0) {
 699                 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 700                 if(!c)
 701                         for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
 702         }
 703         else {
 704                 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
 705                         if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 706                                 c = i;
 707                 if(!c)
 708                         for(; i; i = i->next)
 709                                 if(ISVISIBLE(i))
 710                                         c = i;
 711         }
 712         if(c) {
 713                 focus(c);
 714                 restack();
 715         }
 716 }
 717
 718 Client *
 719 getclient(Window w) {
 720         Client *c;
 721
 722         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 723         return c;
 724 }
 725
 726 unsigned long
 727 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 728         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 729         XColor color;
 730
 731         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 732                 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 733         return color.pixel;
 734 }
 735
 736 long
 737 getstate(Window w) {
 738         int format, status;
 739         long result = -1;
 740         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 741         unsigned long n, extra;
 742         Atom real;
 743
 744         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 745                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 746         if(status != Success)
 747                 return -1;
 748         if(n != 0)
 749                 result = *p;
 750         XFree(p);
 751         return result;
 752 }
 753
 754 Bool
 755 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 756         char **list = NULL;
 757         int n;
 758         XTextProperty name;
 759
 760         if(!text || size == 0)
 761                 return False;
 762         text[0] = '\0';
 763         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 764         if(!name.nitems)
 765                 return False;
 766         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 767                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 768         else {
 769                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 770                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 771                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 772                         XFreeStringList(list);
 773                 }
 774         }
 775         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 776         XFree(name.value);
 777         return True;
 778 }
 779
 780 void
 781 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 782         updatenumlockmask();
 783         {
 784                 unsigned int i, j;
 785                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 786                 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 787                 if(focused) {
 788                         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
 789                                 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
 790                                         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 791                                                 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 792                 } else
 793                         XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
 794                                     BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 795         }
 796 }
 797
 798 void
 799 grabkeys(void) {
 800         updatenumlockmask();
 801         { /* grab keys */
 802                 unsigned int i, j;
 803                 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
 804                 KeyCode code;
 805
 806                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 807                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 808                         if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
 809                                 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
 810                                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
 811                                                  True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 812                 }
 813         }
 814 }
 815
 816 void
 817 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 818         char *def, **missing;
 819         int i, n;
 820
 821         missing = NULL;
 822         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 823         if(missing) {
 824                 while(n--)
 825                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 826                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 827         }
 828         if(dc.font.set) {
 829                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 830                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 831                 char **font_names;
 832                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 833                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 834                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 835                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 836                         dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
 837                         dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
 838                         xfonts++;
 839                 }
 840         }
 841         else {
 842                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 843                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 844                         die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 845                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 846                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 847         }
 848         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 849 }
 850
 851 Bool
 852 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 853         int i, n;
 854         Atom *protocols;
 855         Bool ret = False;
 856
 857         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 858                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 859                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 860                                 ret = True;
 861                 XFree(protocols);
 862         }
 863         return ret;
 864 }
 865
 866 void
 867 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 868         unsigned int i;
 869         KeySym keysym;
 870         XKeyEvent *ev;
 871
 872         ev = &e->xkey;
 873         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 874         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 875                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 876                    && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
 877                    && keys[i].func)
 878                         keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
 879 }
 880
 881 void
 882 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
 883         XEvent ev;
 884
 885         if(!sel)
 886                 return;
 887         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 888                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 889                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 890                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 891                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 892                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 893                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 894                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 895         }
 896         else
 897                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 898 }
 899
 900 void
 901 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 902         static Client cz;
 903         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 904         Window trans = None;
 905         XWindowChanges wc;
 906
 907         if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
 908                 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
 909         *c = cz;
 910         c->win = w;
 911
 912         /* geometry */
 913         c->x = wa->x;
 914         c->y = wa->y;
 915         c->w = wa->width;
 916         c->h = wa->height;
 917         c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
 918         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 919                 c->x = sx;
 920                 c->y = sy;
 921                 c->bw = 0;
 922         }
 923         else {
 924                 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
 925                         c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
 926                 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
 927                         c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
 928                 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
 929                 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
 930                 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
 931                 c->bw = borderpx;
 932         }
 933
 934         wc.border_width = c->bw;
 935         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 936         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 937         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 938         updatesizehints(c);
 939         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
 940         grabbuttons(c, False);
 941         updatetitle(c);
 942         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
 943                 t = getclient(trans);
 944         if(t)
 945                 c->tags = t->tags;
 946         else
 947                 applyrules(c);
 948         if(!c->isfloating)
 949                 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
 950         if(c->isfloating)
 951                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
 952         attach(c);
 953         attachstack(c);
 954         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 955         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 956         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 957         arrange();
 958 }
 959
 960 void
 961 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
 962         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
 963
 964         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
 965         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
 966                 grabkeys();
 967 }
 968
 969 void
 970 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
 971         static XWindowAttributes wa;
 972         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
 973
 974         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
 975                 return;
 976         if(wa.override_redirect)
 977                 return;
 978         if(!getclient(ev->window))
 979                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
 980 }
 981
 982 void
 983 monocle(void) {
 984         Client *c;
 985
 986         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
 987                 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw);
 988         }
 989 }
 990
 991 void
 992 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
 993         int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 994         unsigned int dui;
 995         Client *c;
 996         Window dummy;
 997         XEvent ev;
 998
 999         if(!(c = sel))
1000                 return;
1001         restack();
1002         ocx = c->x;
1003         ocy = c->y;
1004         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1005         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1006                 return;
1007         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
1008         if(usegrab)
1009                 XGrabServer(dpy);
1010         do {
1011                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1012                 switch (ev.type) {
1013                 case ConfigureRequest:
1014                 case Expose:
1015                 case MapRequest:
1016                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1017                         break;
1018                 case MotionNotify:
1019                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1020                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1021                         if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1022                                 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1023                                 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1024                                         nx = wx;
1025                                 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1026                                         nx = wx + ww - WIDTH(c);
1027                                 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1028                                         ny = wy;
1029                                 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1030                                         ny = wy + wh - HEIGHT(c);
1031                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1032                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1033                         }
1034                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1035                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h);
1036                         break;
1037                 }
1038         }
1039         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1040         if(usegrab)
1041                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
1042         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1043 }
1044
1045 Client *
1046 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1047         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1048         return c;
1049 }
1050
1051 void
1052 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1053         Client *c;
1054         Window trans;
1055         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1056
1057         if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1058                 updatestatus();
1059         else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1060                 return; /* ignore */
1061         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1062                 switch (ev->atom) {
1063                 default: break;
1064                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1065                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1066                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1067                                 arrange();
1068                         break;
1069                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1070                         updatesizehints(c);
1071                         break;
1072                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1073                         updatewmhints(c);
1074                         drawbar();
1075                         break;
1076                 }
1077                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1078                         updatetitle(c);
1079                         if(c == sel)
1080                                 drawbar();
1081                 }
1082         }
1083 }
1084
1085 void
1086 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1087         running = False;
1088 }
1089
1090 void
1091 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1092         XWindowChanges wc;
1093
1094         applysizehints(c, &w, &h);
1095         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1096                 return;
1097         if(x > sx + sw)
1098                 x = sw - WIDTH(c);
1099         if(y > sy + sh)
1100                 y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
1101         if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1102                 x = sx;
1103         if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1104                 y = sy;
1105         if(h < bh)
1106                 h = bh;
1107         if(w < bh)
1108                 w = bh;
1109         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1110                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1111                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1112                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1113                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1114                 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1115                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1116                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1117                 configure(c);
1118                 XSync(dpy, False);
1119         }
1120 }
1121
1122 void
1123 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1124         int ocx, ocy;
1125         int nw, nh;
1126         Client *c;
1127         XEvent ev;
1128
1129         if(!(c = sel))
1130                 return;
1131         restack();
1132         ocx = c->x;
1133         ocy = c->y;
1134         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1135         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1136                 return;
1137         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1138         if(usegrab)
1139                 XGrabServer(dpy);
1140         do {
1141                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1142                 switch(ev.type) {
1143                 case ConfigureRequest:
1144                 case Expose:
1145                 case MapRequest:
1146                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1147                         break;
1148                 case MotionNotify:
1149                         nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1150                         nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1151
1152                         if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1153                                 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1154                                 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1155                                    && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1156                                         togglefloating(NULL);
1157                         }
1158                         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1159                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh);
1160                         break;
1161                 }
1162         }
1163         while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1164         if(usegrab)
1165                 XUngrabServer(dpy);
1166         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1167         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1168         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1169 }
1170
1171 void
1172 restack(void) {
1173         Client *c;
1174         XEvent ev;
1175         XWindowChanges wc;
1176
1177         drawbar();
1178         if(!sel)
1179                 return;
1180         if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1181                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1182         if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1183                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1184                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1185                 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1186                         if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1187                                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1188                                 wc.sibling = c->win;
1189                         }
1190         }
1191         XSync(dpy, False);
1192         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1193 }
1194
1195 void
1196 run(void) {
1197         XEvent ev;
1198
1199         /* main event loop */
1200         XSync(dpy, False);
1201         while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1202                 if(handler[ev.type])
1203                         (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1204         }
1205 }
1206
1207 void
1208 scan(void) {
1209         unsigned int i, num;
1210         Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1211         XWindowAttributes wa;
1212
1213         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1214                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1215                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1216                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1217                                 continue;
1218                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1219                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1220                 }
1221                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1222                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1223                                 continue;
1224                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1225                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1226                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1227                 }
1228                 if(wins)
1229                         XFree(wins);
1230         }
1231 }
1232
1233 void
1234 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1235         long data[] = {state, None};
1236
1237         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1238                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1239 }
1240
1241 void
1242 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1243         if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1244                 sellt ^= 1;
1245         if(arg && arg->v)
1246                 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1247         if(sel)
1248                 arrange();
1249         else
1250                 drawbar();
1251 }
1252
1253 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1254 void
1255 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1256         float f;
1257
1258         if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1259                 return;
1260         f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1261         if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1262                 return;
1263         mfact = f;
1264         arrange();
1265 }
1266
1267 void
1268 setup(void) {
1269         unsigned int i;
1270         int w;
1271         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1272
1273         /* init screen */
1274         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1275         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1276         initfont(font);
1277         sx = 0;
1278         sy = 0;
1279         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1280         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1281         bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1282         lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1283         lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1284         updategeom();
1285
1286         /* init atoms */
1287         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1288         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1289         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1290         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1291         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1292
1293         /* init cursors */
1294         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1295         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1296         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1297
1298         /* init appearance */
1299         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1300         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1301         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1302         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1303         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1304         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1305         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1306         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1307         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1308         if(!dc.font.set)
1309                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1310
1311         /* init bar */
1312         for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1313                 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1314                 blw = MAX(blw, w);
1315         }
1316
1317         wa.override_redirect = True;
1318         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1319         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1320
1321         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1322                         CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1323                         CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1324         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1325         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1326         updatestatus();
1327
1328         /* EWMH support per view */
1329         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1330                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1331
1332         /* select for events */
1333         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1334                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1335                         |PropertyChangeMask;
1336         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1337         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1338
1339         grabkeys();
1340 }
1341
1342 void
1343 showhide(Client *c, unsigned int ntiled) {
1344         if(!c)
1345                 return;
1346         if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1347                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1348                 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1349                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1350                 showhide(c->snext, ntiled);
1351         }
1352         else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1353                 showhide(c->snext, ntiled);
1354                 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1355         }
1356 }
1357
1358
1359 void
1360 sigchld(int signal) {
1361         while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1362 }
1363
1364 void
1365 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1366         signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1367         if(fork() == 0) {
1368                 if(dpy)
1369                         close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1370                 setsid();
1371                 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1372                 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1373                 perror(" failed");
1374                 exit(0);
1375         }
1376 }
1377
1378 void
1379 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1380         if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1381                 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1382                 arrange();
1383         }
1384 }
1385
1386 int
1387 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1388         XRectangle r;
1389
1390         if(dc.font.set) {
1391                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1392                 return r.width;
1393         }
1394         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1395 }
1396
1397 void
1398 tile(void) {
1399         int x, y, h, w, mw;
1400         unsigned int i, n;
1401         Client *c;
1402
1403         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1404         if(n == 0)
1405                 return;
1406
1407         /* master */
1408         c = nexttiled(clients);
1409         mw = mfact * ww;
1410         resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw);
1411
1412         if(--n == 0)
1413                 return;
1414
1415         /* tile stack */
1416         x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1417         y = wy;
1418         w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1419         h = wh / n;
1420         if(h < bh)
1421                 h = wh;
1422
1423         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1424                 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1425                        ? wy + wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw));
1426                 if(h != wh)
1427                         y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1428         }
1429 }
1430
1431 void
1432 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1433         showbar = !showbar;
1434         updategeom();
1435         updatebar();
1436         arrange();
1437 }
1438
1439 void
1440 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1441         if(!sel)
1442                 return;
1443         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1444         if(sel->isfloating)
1445                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h);
1446         arrange();
1447 }
1448
1449 void
1450 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1451         unsigned int mask;
1452
1453         if (!sel)
1454                 return;
1455
1456         mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1457         if(mask) {
1458                 sel->tags = mask;
1459                 arrange();
1460         }
1461 }
1462
1463 void
1464 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1465         unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1466
1467         if(mask) {
1468                 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1469                 arrange();
1470         }
1471 }
1472
1473 void
1474 unmanage(Client *c) {
1475         XWindowChanges wc;
1476
1477         wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1478         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1479         XGrabServer(dpy);
1480         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1481         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1482         detach(c);
1483         detachstack(c);
1484         if(sel == c)
1485                 focus(NULL);
1486         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1487         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1488         free(c);
1489         XSync(dpy, False);
1490         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1491         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1492         arrange();
1493 }
1494
1495 void
1496 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1497         Client *c;
1498         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1499
1500         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1501                 unmanage(c);
1502 }
1503
1504 void
1505 updatebar(void) {
1506         if(dc.drawable != 0)
1507                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1508         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1509         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1510 }
1511
1512 void
1513 updategeom(void) {
1514 #ifdef XINERAMA
1515         int n, i = 0;
1516         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1517
1518         /* window area geometry */
1519         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1520                 if(n > 1) {
1521                         int di, x, y;
1522                         unsigned int dui;
1523                         Window dummy;
1524                         if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1525                                 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1526                                         if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1527                                                 break;
1528                 }
1529                 wx = info[i].x_org;
1530                 wy = showbar && topbar ?  info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1531                 ww = info[i].width;
1532                 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1533                 XFree(info);
1534         }
1535         else
1536 #endif
1537         {
1538                 wx = sx;
1539                 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1540                 ww = sw;
1541                 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1542         }
1543
1544         /* bar position */
1545         by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1546 }
1547
1548 void
1549 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1550         unsigned int i, j;
1551         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1552
1553         numlockmask = 0;
1554         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1555         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1556                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1557                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1558                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1559         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1560 }
1561
1562 void
1563 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1564         long msize;
1565         XSizeHints size;
1566
1567         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1568                 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1569                 size.flags = PSize;
1570         if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1571                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1572                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1573         }
1574         else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1575                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1576                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1577         }
1578         else
1579                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1580         if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1581                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1582                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1583         }
1584         else
1585                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1586         if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1587                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1588                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1589         }
1590         else
1591                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1592         if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1593                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1594                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1595         }
1596         else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1597                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1598                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1599         }
1600         else
1601                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1602         if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1603                 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1604                 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1605         }
1606         else
1607                 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1608         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1609                      && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1610 }
1611
1612 void
1613 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1614         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1615                 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1616 }
1617
1618 void
1619 updatestatus() {
1620         if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1621                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1622         drawbar();
1623 }
1624
1625 void
1626 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1627         XWMHints *wmh;
1628
1629         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1630                 if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1631                         wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1632                         XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1633                 }
1634                 else
1635                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1636
1637                 XFree(wmh);
1638         }
1639 }
1640
1641 void
1642 view(const Arg *arg) {
1643         if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1644                 return;
1645         seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1646         if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1647                 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1648         arrange();
1649 }
1650
1651 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1652  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1653  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1654 int
1655 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1656         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1657         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1658         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1659         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1660         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1662         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1663         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1664         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1665                 return 0;
1666         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1667                         ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1668         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1669 }
1670
1671 int
1672 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1673         return 0;
1674 }
1675
1676 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1677  * is already running. */
1678 int
1679 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1680         otherwm = True;
1681         return -1;
1682 }
1683
1684 void
1685 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1686         Client *c = sel;
1687
1688         if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1689                 return;
1690         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1691                 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1692                         return;
1693         detach(c);
1694         attach(c);
1695         focus(c);
1696         arrange();
1697 }
1698
1699 int
1700 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1701         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1702                 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1703         else if(argc != 1)
1704                 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1705
1706         if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1707                 fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1708
1709         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
1710                 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1711
1712         checkotherwm();
1713         setup();
1714         scan();
1715         run();
1716         cleanup();
1717
1718         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1719         return 0;
1720 }